Hybridization between the estuarine fishes yellowfin bream, Acanthopagrus australis (Gunther), and black bream, A. butcheri (Munro) (Pisces : Sparidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Electrophoretic Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Backcross Hybrids ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

The status of bream, from estuaries near Narooma on the south coast of New South Wales, which display morphological characteristics intermediate to those distinguishing the species A. australis and A. butcheri was investigated. The two species were separated electrophoretically at a malate dehydrogenase locus (Mdh-1) where they are fixed for alternative alleles, and by a significant difference in allele frequency at the lactate dehydrogenase locus Ldh-A. Because four individual bream, which displayed intermediate morphometric characteristics, have inherited both species-specific Mdh-1 alleles and are heterozygous at the Ldh-A locus, their status as hybrids is determined. The presence of three bream with allelic characteristics of A. australis at the Mdh-1 locus but allelic characteristics of A. butcheri at the Ldh-A locus is evidence for the presence of later generation or backcross hybrids. No evidence of introgression was found. The reproduction of A. australis and A. butcheri is temporally and spatially isolated under normal circumstances but in some landlocked, coastal lakes there is a breakdown of these isolating mechanisms. Because A. australis and A. butcheri differ morphometrically and ecologically over their sampled ranges, and only appear to hybridize in the unusual environmental conditions of closed lakes, it is suggested that their specific status be retained. Using electrophoretic data, a high level of genic similarity (I = 0.91) was found to exist between the two species. This, together with the close relationship indicated by the production of fertile F1 hybrids, suggests a recent speciation.

Filogeni Timun Laut (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Morfologis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ismiliana Wirawati ◽  
Pradina Purwati
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Method ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
High Level

<strong>Phylogeny of Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) Based on Morphological Characteristics.</strong> Identifiers in the class of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) constitute the external morphology, internal organs, and spicules. These characteristics may indicate a high level of similarity for particular families, including family Stichopodidae. This family is one of the Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) that represents the majority of commercial species found widespread in the tropical shallow waters. Until now, the evolution of sea cucumber based on morphological characteristics used to determine the status of the characteristics applicable to the phylogeny analysis is still under debate. In fact, research on the phylogeny of Stichopodidae, has not been done yet. This paper reports the phylogeny study of Stichopodidae species in Indonesia to determine the closeness among its species. Specimens used in this study were the collection of Research Center for Oceanography LIPI consisting of nine species of Stichopodidae (as ingroup) and two species of Holothuriidae (as outgroup). The construction of phylogeny tree was done by applying the maximum parsimony method and PAUP 4.0b program using 78 morphological characteristics. It resulted in two phylogeny trees separating consistently the genus Stichopus from the genus Thelenota (bootstrap 99% and 100%) with the stable position in each genus. Both these genera of Stichopodidae have the same number of synapomorphs. Stichopus has ten homoplastic characteristics among its species, while Thelenota does not have any. Six of the nine species of Stichopodidae show autapomorph characteristics which are proper to species level<br />

scholarly journals Description of an Australian endemic species of Trioza (Hemiptera: Triozidae) pest of the endemic tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtaceae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257031
Author(s):  
Francesco Martoni ◽  
Mark J. Blacket
Keyword(s):  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Exotic Pests ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Time

Psyllids, also known as jumping plant lice, are phloem feeding Hemiptera that often show a strict species-specific relationship with their host plants. When psyllid-plant associations involve economically important crops, this may lead to the recognition of a psyllid species as an agricultural or horticultural pest. The Australian endemic tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel., has been used for more than a century to extract essential oils and, long before that, as a traditional medicine by Indigenous Australian people. Recently, a triozid species has been found to damage the new growth of tea trees both in Queensland and New South Wales, raising interest around this previously undocumented pest. Furthermore, adults of the same species were also collected from Citrus plantations, leading to potential false-positive records of the exotic pest Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio 1918), the African Citrus psyllid. Here we describe for the first time Trioza melaleucae Martoni sp. nov. providing information on its distribution, host plant associations and phylogenetic relationships to other Trioza species. This work enables both morphological and molecular identification of this new species, allowing it to be recognized and distinguished for the first time from exotic pests as well as other Australian native psyllids. Furthermore, the haplotype network analysis presented here suggests a close relationship between Trioza melaleucae and the other Myrtaceae-feeding Trioza spp. from Australia, New Zealand, and Taiwan.

scholarly journals Survey, Identification, and Pathogenicity of Ceratocystis fimbriata Complex Associated with Wilt Disease on Acacia mangium in Malaysia

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1782
Author(s):  
Samsuddin Ahmad Syazwan ◽  
Ahmad Mohd-Farid ◽  
Wan-Azhar Wan-Muhd-Azrul ◽  
Hishamuddin Muhammad Syahmi ◽  
Abdullah Mohd Zaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Ceratocystis Wilt ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Plantation Species ◽  
Bark Peeling

Ceratocystis wilt disease surveys were conducted in three selected Malaysian Acacia mangium plantations. These completed surveys revealed the occurrence of the wilt disease, with the incidence of infection ranging from 7.5% to 13.6%. Signs of wood-boring insects, bark peeling due to squirrel activity, and pruning wounds were often associated with this disease. The fungus most frequently isolated from the diseased trees was the Ceratocystis fungus. The analysis on the morphological characteristics has identified the fungus as Ceratocystis fimbriata complex. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the ITS, and concatenated sequences of EF1α-βT regions grouped the isolates within the C. fimbriata sensu stricto, in comparison to other C. fimbriata isolates. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on six to nine-month-old healthy A. mangium seedlings by inoculating these seedlings with eight out of the 16 isolates. The results demonstrated that all the isolates were pathogenic, with mortality beginning as early as two weeks after inoculation. However, an ANOVA test indicated a significant difference between the pathogenicity levels among the fungal isolates. The results also showed that pathogen aggressiveness was not correlated with geographical origin. A host range test was also conducted by using C. fimbriata SSB3 and FRIM1162 isolates against several forest plantation species. The findings suggested that only A. mangium was susceptible to C. fimbriata. The other species remained healthy with no symptoms of infection even after seven weeks of treatment, as compared to the A. mangium species, where between 38 to 60% of the inoculated plants had died. This study provides new information on the status of Ceratocystis wilt disease, especially on the occurrence and effects on A. mangium plantation, by giving insights on how to control and manage this ferocious plant pathogen in the future.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Trait Sportive Self-Confidence in Team Sports According to Demographic Variances

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Mustafa Yaşar Şahin ◽  
Alpay Bülbül ◽  
Ercan Karaoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Level ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Confidence Scale

This research was conducted to determine the level of athletes' trait sportive confidence and to compare them in terms of demographic variances. In the research which is in the model descriptive survey, Trait Sportive Self Confidence Scale developed by Vealey (1986) was used as data collection tool. Based on typical sampling method of purposive sampling methods, this research sample is consisted of 279 athletes playing in Ptofessional Football League and female-male Volleyball League in Turkey in 2017-2018 season. In the evaluation of the research data, the assumptions of the tests were examined primarily; for unrelated measurements, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (One Way ANOVA) and Kruskal Wallis test. As a result of the research it was determinated that the trait sportive self-confidences of the athlethes were at a high level. When the findings of the study were evaluated in terms of demographic variables, it was determined that there was a significant difference according to the age or the status of the league played.

Studying the interrelation between the HPV infection status and the morphological features of bladder cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17003-e17003
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Zykova ◽  
Alexey N. Shevchenko ◽  
Irina A. Khomutenko ◽  
Elena V. Filatova ◽  
Elena A. Shevyakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Bladder Mucosa ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status

e17003 Background: The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and larynx is considered proven. At the same time, there are conflicting data in the literature on the role of HPV in the development of bladder cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection in patients with BC, identifying the relationship between the status of infection and the morphological characteristics of the tumor. Methods: The study included 46 patients (10 women and 36 men) with morphologically confirmed urothelial cancer. Samples of urine, tumor tissue and a healthy bladder mucosa were examined. HPV DNA was determined by real-time PCR. Results: 28 (60.9%) patients were infected with high-risk HPV, including 6 (60.0%) women and 22 (61.1%) men. In 14 (30.4%) patients, HPV DNA was found in the tissue of the bladder mucosa: in 6 (13.0%) cases it was only in tumor tissue, in 4 (8.7%) only in healthy mucosa, in 4 (8.7%) simultaneously in healthy and tumor tissue. HPV DNA was detected in urine in 22 (47.8%) patients. The simultaneous presence of HPV DNA in the tissue of the bladder mucosa and urine was found in 8 (28.6%) HPV-positive patients. Single HPV infection was found in 20 (71.4%) patients, two types were found in 8 (28.6%). When analyzing type diversity, it was found that HPV16 infected 14 (38.9%) patients; HPV18, 31, 39 and 56 were determined in 4 (11.1%) cases each; 33, 52 and 59 types in 2 (5.6%) cases. Chronic inflammation was noted in 12 (26.1%) patients, 6 (50.0%) of them were HPV-positive. Among HPV-positive patients, invasive cancer was registered in 18 (64.3%), non-invasive cancer in 10 (35.7%) patients. Among HPV-negative patients, these rates were 14 (77.8%) and 4 (22.2%), respectively (p > 0.05). In the group of HPV-positive patients, tumors with a low degree of differentiation were found in 16 (57.1%), moderate in 6 (21.4%), high in 6 (21.4%). Among HPV-negative patients, these indicators were 4 (22.2%), 12 (66.7%) and 2 (11.1%), respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusions: HPV infection was detected in 60.9% of patients, including tumor tissue infection in 21.7% of patients. The most common HPV type was HPV16. There was no statistically significant difference between HPV-positive and negative tumors.

Testing species delimitation with larval morphology: scanning electron microscopy analysis of protonymphon larvae of two closely related sea spiders, Pallenopsis patagonica (Hoek) and Pallenopsis yepayekae Weis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Hübner ◽  
Philipp Wagner ◽  
Tobias Lehmann ◽  
Roland R. Melzer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Status ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Scanning Electron

We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to establish species-specific sets of characters for protonymphon larvae of two representatives of the ‘patagonica’ species group of Pallenopsis, P. patagonica and P. yepayekae. The larvae of both species are ‘typical’ protonymphon larvae sensu Bain (2003). Despite the close relationship of the two species, we observed numerous features that allow for differential diagnosis, e.g. general habitus, the number, arrangement and branching type of setules, the armature of the movable and immovable chelifore fingers, and the shape of the dactylus and setules of appendages II and III. SEM is particularly suitable for visualising these features. Our results further support the idea that protonymphon larvae can be identified to species level when adequate imaging techniques are used, as is also the case for larvae of other arthropods. Moreover, the status of the two studied species of Pallenopsis is fully supported by protonymphon larval morphology.

scholarly journals Trend of Fetal Traffic injuries in Iran from 2009 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Rezazadeh ◽  
Mohsen Askarishahi ◽  
Mahmood Vakili
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Study Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
High Level

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, Iran has a high level of deaths due to traffic accidents. Assessing the trend and examining the mortality situation can provide useful information for policy makers to take preventive measures and reduce the casualties caused by these accidents. n this study, the status and trend of mortality due to traffic accidents over a period of ten years has been investigated. Methods:This study is a descriptive study that investigated the trend of deaths from traffic accidents in Iran during 2009-2018. The study data was collected from the sites of the country's forensic medicine organization and the Statistics Center of Iran and all deaths due to accidents were included in the study. After  data  collection  using  spss  version 24 and Microsoft Office Excel 2013  softwares,  the  frequency,  percentage, annual rate and   two independent  samples Test,   were  used  to  analyze data. Results: On average, 24.1 per 100,000 people were killed in traffic accidents during the study period. There was a significant difference between the number of deaths due to road accidents in men compared to women (p-value <0.05). that More than 77 percent of the victims were men, and more than 67 percent of the deaths occurred on the out of urban  roads. Semnan, Markazi and Kerman provinces had the highest mortality rate and Tehran, Alborz and Ardabil provinces had the lowest mortality rate during this ten year period. Discussion: The death rate from traffic accidents has decreased during the study period. But compared to the global average, it still does not have the desired situation, Which requires proper policy and management to implement immediate and effective programs.

scholarly journals Breakup grief: The difference between initiator and non-initiator depending on coping strategies and attachment

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Kristina Ranđelović ◽  
Nikola Goljović
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Breakup Distress ◽  
High Level ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Distress Scale

The aim of this paper is to examine the difference in the intensity of the breakup distress between the initiator and the non-initiator, as well as whether this difference is moderated by coping strategies and inner working models according to the attachment theory. The sample used in the research is convenient and consists of 387 respondents. The age range is between 18-40 (M=23.90; SD=4.22). We used the Close Relationship Experience Questionnaire (Brenan, Clark, & Shaver, 1995), the Brief COPE (Carver, 1997) and the Breakup Distress Scale (Field & al., 2010). The t-test was performed for the independent samples to test the difference between the breakup initiators and non-initiators in the variable of grief after a breakup (t(365)=4.62; p<.01). Within the constructed prediction model, a total of four predictors showed an independent contribution to the explanation of experienced grief after a breakup: the status of the initiator of the breakup, coping aimed at solving problems, coping with avoidance and anxiety. Later, by testing the contribution of the predictor and the variable, the status of the initiator was obtained as a statistically significant interaction with anxiety. Respondents who have low anxiety do not experience a high level of distress after a breakup and do not differ from each other depending on whether the initiators of the relationship were them or their partner. Respondents who have high anxiety experience a noticeably higher level of emotional distress after the breakup, but there are also differences in that level depending on who initiated the breakup. If the partner initiated the termination, the level of experienced distress will be significantly higher. It seems that presenting as a stressor can be a trigger of an intense emotional reaction, considering that such people are sensitive to rejection by others.

scholarly journals Detection and Clinical Significance of Circulating Microvesicles in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Li-ping Sun ◽  
Hui-yu Li ◽  
Xiao-ling Yi ◽  
Aime Niyonsaba ◽  
Ning-fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Linear Correlation Analysis ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
High Level ◽  
Severe Fever

Abstract Objective Microvesicles (MV) released from blood cells play an important role in the progress of diseases. The purpose of this study is to detect circulating MV level of patients suffering from severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). Methods The plasma samples of SFTS patients and healthy controls were collected. And MV from samples were isolated and MV levels were detected quantitatively. Results The results showed that the level of the circulating MV in SFTS patients was obviously higher than that of the healthy control, with statistically significant difference. Further analysis revealed that MV level was relevant to the severity of SFTS patients, namely the higher the concentration of MV, the more severity of the disease. Linear correlation analysis showed that the circulating MV level in SFTS was correlated positively with leukocyte count (r = 0.243, P < 0.05), but no correlation with the platelet count (r = 0.193, P >0.05). Conclusions We demonstrated that there existed high level of circulating MV in SFTS patients, and the level of circulating MV had a close relationship with the severity of the disease and leukocyte count. Therefore, monitoring the level of circulating MV may provide a new indicator for predicting the prognosis of SFTS patients.

Effectiveness of Brushing Associated with Oral Irrigation in Maintenance of Peri-Implant Tissues and Overdentures: Clinical Parameters and Patient Satisfaction.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Moreira Salles ◽  
Viviane de Cássia Oliveira ◽  
Ana Paula Macedo ◽  
Claudia Helena Silva-Lovato ◽  
Helena de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Complete Dentures ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

Implant-supported prostheses hygiene and peri-implant tissues health are considered to be predictive factors for successful prosthetic rehabilitation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of brushing associated with oral irrigation measured as biofilm-removing capacity, maintenance of healthy oral tissues, and patient satisfaction. A randomized, crossover clinical trial was conducted with 38 patients who wore conventional maxillary complete dentures and mandibular overdentures retained by the O-ring system. The patients were instructed to use the following hygiene methods for 14 days: mechanical brushing [MB (brush and dentifrice - Control)]; and MB with oral irrigation [WP (Waterpik - Experimental)]. Biofilm-removing capacity and maintenance of healthy oral tissues were evaluated by the Modified Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Depth (PD), and Bleeding on Probing Index (BP) recorded at baseline and after each method. In parallel, patients answered a specific questionnaire using a Visual Analogue Scale after each hygiene method. Data were analyzed by Friedman and Wilcoxon tests (α=0.05). The results showed significantly lower PI, GI, PD, and BP indices after application of the hygiene methods (P&lt;0.001) than those observed at baseline. However, no significant difference was found between MB and WP. The satisfaction questionnaire responses to both methods showed high mean values for all questions, with no statistically significant difference found between the answers given after the use of MB and WP (P&gt;0.05). The findings suggest that WP was effective in reducing PI, GI, PD, and BP indices and provided a high level of patient satisfaction.

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