Annual temperature cycle in Cleveland Bay, Great Barrier Reef province

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 987 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Walker
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Deep Station ◽  
Annual Temperature Cycle

Weekly temperature measurements have been taken over a 55-month period at a 10 m deep station in Cleveland Bay. Temperature at the surface ranged from 19.3 to 30.9�C with a mean monthly minimum of 20.9�C in July and a mean monthly maximum of 29.0�C in January. The water-temperature curve lagged behind the 0900 h air-temperature curve by an average of 10 days. Differences between the present data and other published temperature data for Great Barrier Reef waters are discussed.

scholarly journals Comfort assessment in an office building in Budapest, Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06037
Author(s):  
Zoltan Magyar
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Operational Information ◽  
Occupant Comfort ◽  
Comfort Parameters ◽  
Real Temperature ◽  
Made In

A historical office building was refurbished in Budapest a few years ago. An energy audit was made in the renovated building. During the energy audit a comfort questionnaire was prepared in order to assess the occupants’ opinion about comfort parameters. The questionnaire was filled out by 65 employees. Using the questionnaire the occupant opinion on comfort conditions, as well as operational information and complaints can be gathered. During the energy audit the air temperature was measured by dataloggers in different places to collect real temperature data. The paper presents the developed comfort questionnaire, the results of the occupant comfort survey and the temperature measurements and how these can be considered during the elaboration of recommended interventions.

scholarly journals Effect of snow-covered ground albedo on the accuracy of air temperature measurements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Musacchio ◽  
Graziano Coppa ◽  
Gaber Begeš ◽  
Christina Hofstätter-Mohler ◽  
Laura Massano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Meteorological Observations

Abstract. Solar radiation is one of the main factors introducing significant deviations between thermometers reading and true air temperature value. Techniques to protect the sensors from direct radiative influence have been adopted almost since the beginning of meteorological observations. Reflected radiation from snow-covered surface can also cause extra warming to thermometers hosted in solar shields, not always optimized to protect the sensors from this further backward radiative heat transfer. This phenomenon can cause errors in near-surface temperature data series, with relevant impact on the quality of data records. The study here presented experimentally evaluates the effect of albedo radiation from snow-covered surface, on the accuracy of air temperature measurements. The investigation is based on evaluating temperature differences between couples of identical instruments positioned above ground covered by natural vegetation, being one in snow-free conditions and the other above snow-covered surface, at the same time in the same site in close vicinity. The work involved a representative number of different typologies of sensors and shields from different manufactures. A mountain site with appropriate field conditions, offering long-lasting snow presence to maximize data availability, was selected to host the experiment. Quantities of influence such as relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar radiation (direct and reflected) were constantly measured. The effect was evaluated to range up to more than 3 °C for some typologies of sensors. Full data analysis is here reported, together with complete results. This main scope of this work is to report on an experimental estimation and method to evaluate and include this effect as a component of uncertainty in temperature data series for near-surface stations above snowy areas.

scholarly journals Activity and Pool Use in Relation to Temperature and Water Changes in Zoo Hippopotamuses (Hippopotamus amphibious)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Eduardo J. Fernandez ◽  
Martin Ramirez ◽  
Nancy C. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Increased Activity

In the wild, hippopotamuses spend much of their daily activity in the water. In zoos, it is less clear the extent to which hippos spend time in the water. We examined how much time Woodland Park Zoo’s three hippos spent in their outdoor pool, based on: (a) temperature of the pool water, and (b) when the pool water was changed (approximately three times a week). Several digital temperature data loggers collected water and air temperature readings once every hour for six months. We correlated the water temperature readings with several behaviors the hippos could engage in, where the hippos were on exhibit (pool vs. land), and how many days it had been since a dump (0, 1, or 2 days). The results indicated that water changes had little effect on pool usage, while increasing water temperatures resulted in both increased activity and pool use. The results are discussed in terms of how these findings relate to wild hippo activity, current knowledge of zoo-housed hippo welfare, and future directions for zoo-housed hippo welfare and research.

scholarly journals Natural swimming speed of Dascyllus reticulatus increases with water temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2506-2511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Beyan ◽  
Bastian J. Boom ◽  
Jolanda M. P. Liefhebber ◽  
Kwang-Tsao Shao ◽  
Robert B. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Global Change Biology

Abstract Recent research on the relationship between coral reef water temperature and fish swimming activity has stated that swimming speed is inversely correlated with temperature above a species' optimum temperature (Johansen, J. L., and Jones, G. P. 2011. Increasing ocean temperature reduces the metabolic performance and swimming ability of coral reef damselfishes. Global Change Biology, 17: 2971–2979; Johansen, J. L., Messmer,V., Coker, D. J., Hoey, A. S., and Pratchett, M. S. 2014. Increasing ocean temperatures reduce activity patterns of a large commercially important coral reef fish. Global Change Biology, 20: 1067–1074). For tropical coral reefs, one anticipated consequence of global warming is an increase of ≥3°C in average water temperature in addition to greater thermal fluctuations [IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2007. Summary for policymakers. In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working, Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Ed. by S. Solomon, D. Qin, and M. Manning et al. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK; Lough, J. 2007. Climate and climate change on the Great Barrier Reef. In Climate Change and the Great Barrier Reef. Ed. by J. Johnson and P. A. Marshall, pp. 15–50. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and Australian Greenhouse Office, Townsville, Qld, Australia; Johansen and Jones, 2011]. Evaluating the behaviour of coral reef associated fish species at different temperatures can help to assess their sensitivity to climate change. In this study, the speed of freely swimming fish in a natural setting is investigated as a function of seasonal changes in water temperature, as contrasted with systematic temperature increases in a fish tank. We show that Dascyllus reticulatus swim faster as a function of increased water temperature over the range 20.9–30.3°C. The experiments were carried out using ∼3.6 million fish trajectories observed at the Kenting National Park in Taiwan. Fish speed was computed by detecting and tracking the fish through consecutive video frames, then converting image speeds to scene speeds. Temperatures were grouped into 10 intervals. The data reveal an ∼2 mm s−1 increase in average speed per additional temperature degree over the range of 20.9–30.3°C. The Mann–Kendall test using the mean and median speed for each interval revealed that there is a speed increase trend as temperature increases at the 0.05 significance level, rather than a random increase. Our results complement previous studies that investigated the effect of temperature on the swimming performance of different fish species in the laboratory (Johansen and Jones, 2011; Myrick, C. A. and Cech, J. J. 2000. Swimming performance of four California stream fishes: temperature effects. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 58: 289–295; Ojanguren, A. F. and Braña, F. 2000. Thermal dependence of swimming endurance in juvenile brown trout. Journal of Fish Biology, 56: 1342–1347; Lough 2007; Johansen et al., 2014).

Correcting PAR data from photovoltaic quantum sensors on remote weather stations on the Great Barrier Reef

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Model Uncertainties ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
Weather Stations

Abstract The study addresses a network of remote weather stations on the Great Barrier Reef that house Licor192 quantum sensors measuring photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) above water. There is evidence of significant degradation in the signal from the sensors after a two-year deployment. Main sources of uncertainty in the calibration are outlined which include degradation of the photodiode, soiling of the sensors by dust and salt spray, cosine responses and sensitivity to air temperature. Raw PAR data are improved using correction factors based on a cloudless PAR model. Uncertainties in cosine responses of the instrument are low but significant errors may occur if the supporting platform is mis-aligned and not horizontal. A set of recommendations are provided to improve the quality of the PAR data.

Examining water temperature proxies in Porites corals from the Great Barrier Reef: a cross-shelf comparison

Coral Reefs ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart J. Fallon ◽  
Malcolm T. McCulloch ◽  
Chantal Alibert
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Barrier Reef
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document