Ecology of juvenile and adolescent banana prawns, Penaeus merguiensis, in a mangrove estuary and adjacent off-shore area of the Gulf of Carpentaria. II. Emigration, population Structure and Growth of Juveniles

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Staples
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Time

Emigration of juvenile P. merguiensis from the Norman River was largely confined to the wet season; three main waves of emigration were observed, each corresponding to a period of heavy rain in December, January, and February. Following each period of rain, the prawns migrated in the surface waters of the estuary and became spread laterally across the river's width. The size of emigrating prawns decreased over the wet season, reflecting changes in both the size of prawns in the resident population and the strength of the stimulus to emigrate. During periods of low rainfall only a small number of larger prawns tended to migrate, whereas during high rainfall periods a mass movement of prawns of all sizes occurred. Examination of weekly changes in population structure showed that three main cohorts ofjuvenile prawns entered and left the river during the spring-summer period (November-February). The resident time of these prawns ranged from 1 to 9 weeks, depending on the timing of heavy rain during the period. Three smaller cohorts reached the river during March and April and the majority of these prawns did not emigrate but overwintered until the following spring. Growth during the summer period averaged an increase in carapace length of 1.2 mm/week, whereas growth in winter was slower in response to lower temperatures. After leaving the river, adolescent P. rnerguiensis spent a short time in the shallow beach zone near the mouth of the river before migrating off shore. The migration up until the time the prawns recruited into the off-shore fishery was estimated to take approximately 2 months. During this time the maximum growth was estimated as 15-mm increase in carapace length. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to the life history of the prawn in the south-eastern area of the Gulf of Carpentaria.

scholarly journals Population structure and life history of Neomysis nigra Nakazawa, 1910 (Mysida) on Jeju Island, South Korea

Crustaceana ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Yong Bae ◽  
Gyeong Eon Noh ◽  
Won-Gyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Life History ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Jeju Island ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Population structure and life history of the mysid Neomysis nigra Nakazawa, 1910 were studied on Jeju Island, South Korea. N. nigra was collected monthly from a shallow embayment of Jeju Island from May 2013 to May 2014. Temperature and salinity were measured during the sampling. The carapace length (CL) of N. nigra was measured. Life stages were divided into six categories and embryos in the marsupium were classified by developmental stages. During the study period, water temperatures ranged from −0.3 to 35.7°C. The CL of females was larger than that of males. The mean CL of adults was negatively correlated with water temperature. CL values in winter and spring were higher than those in summer and autumn. Brooding females and juveniles were found all year round. The abundance of juveniles was relatively higher in May, July, December, and February than in other months. The number of embryos in the marsupium increased with increasing female size. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the populations of N. nigra have four major spawning groups in a year and reproduce all year round.

scholarly journals On the Short Time Scale Evolutionary History of the Contact Binary VW Cephei

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-396
Author(s):  
I. Pustylnik
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Flare Activity ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contact Binary ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Short Time

We study the short-time evolutionary history of the well-known contact binary VW Cep. Our analysis is based partly on the numerous UBV lightcurves obtained at Tartu Observatory, IUE spectra, and samples from the published data. Special attention is given to the effects of asymmetry of the light curves. A higher degree of asymmetry outside the eclipses along with the significant displacements of the brightness maxima in respect to the elongation phase is interpreted as evidence that a considerable portion of the flaring source is concentrated close to the neck connecting the components. We discuss the nature of asymmetry in terms of possible mass exchange and the flare activity and compare the results of our model computations with the record of orbital period variations over the last 60 years.

José Saramago e George Steiner. A antropologia do mal ou “o mal é”

Anthropos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-378
Author(s):  
Carlos Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jose Saramago ◽  
Short Time

In this article I address the problem of the definition, manifestations, characteristics, and causes of catastrophic evil (one that leads hundreds or thousands of people to exclusion, suffering and death in a short time). To this end, I start from a set of George Steiner’s theses on the nature of evil that José Saramago’s thought and literary discourse confirm and support with an eloquence and depth that is rare in both the history of ideas and and in universal literature.

scholarly journals Geological monitoring networks for risk management close to large rock cliffs: the case history of Gallivaggio and Cataeggio in the italian Alps

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Luca Dei Cas ◽  
Maria Luisa Pastore ◽  
Andrea Pavan ◽  
Nicola Petrella
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Rock Slope ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Monitoring Networks ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry ◽  
Reliable Monitoring ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Time

Abstract. In areas located near large rock cliffs, risk reduction by early warning monitoring systems highligts potentiality but also critical issues and limits. The paper examines two rock slope failures that occurred in a short time from each other near inhabited areas in the Italian Alps. The viscous behavior of the rock mass was reconstructed through data processing from ground-based Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR), and elaboration of acceleration and speed curves. Landslides types and underlying complexity associated with rock detachment mechanisms suggest the identification of precautionary alarm thresholds for collapse forecasting. The analysis of financial outlay, both for mitigation works and for monitoring activities, highlight the adequacy and the opportunity to combine passive systems, like embankments or rockfall drapery meshes, with a reliable monitoring network for early warning.

scholarly journals K istorii pozdnevizantijskoj cerkovnoj ierarhii (po dannym slavjanskih istocnikov konca XIV - serediny XV vv.)

2013 ◽  
pp. 779-788
Author(s):  
Anatolij Turilov
Keyword(s):  
History Of ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Written Sources

The article is devoted to filling gaps in the history of Byzantine ecclesiastical hierarchy mid - late XIV-XV centuries. It consists of two parts. In the first one the author succeeds in using little known or forgotten Slavic written sources set the name of the Ohrid Archbishop of late XIV - early XV centuries, set the name of the Ohrid Archbishop of late XIV - early XV centuries, and a suggestion about the name of another Chapter of this Department first half of the XV century. The second part is devoted to the unknown until now Metropolitan of Heraclea Thracian a short time took this Department in 1410?s and carrying out probably important diplomatic missions.

scholarly journals A novel coalescent method insensitive to population structure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeqi Yao ◽  
Kehui Liu ◽  
Shanjun Deng ◽  
Xionglei He
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Population History ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Coalescent Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Larger Sample

AbstractConventional coalescent inferences of population history make the critical assumption that the population under examination is panmictic. However, most populations are structured. This complicates the prevailing coalescent analyses and sometimes leads to inaccurate estimates. To develop a coalescent method unhampered by population structure, we perform two analyses. First, we demonstrate that the coalescent probability of two randomly sampled alleles from the immediate preceding generation (one generation back) is independent of population structure. Second, motivated by this finding, we propose a new coalescent method: i-coalescent analysis. i-coalescent analysis computes the instantaneous coalescent rate (iCR) by using a phylogenetic tree of sampled alleles. Using simulated data, we broadly demonstrate the capability of i-coalescent analysis to accurately reconstruct population size dynamics of highly structured populations, although we find this method often requires larger sample sizes for structured populations than for panmictic populations. Overall, our results indicate i-coalescent analysis to be a useful tool, especially for the inference of population histories with intractable structure such as the developmental history of cell populations in the organs of complex organisms.

scholarly journals Effect of population structure and migration when investigating genetic continuity using ancient DNA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Silva ◽  
S Kreutzer ◽  
C Papageorgopoulou ◽  
M Currat
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
Population Continuity ◽  
Local Hunter ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Genetic Pool

AbstractRecent advances in sequencing techniques provide means to access direct genetic snapshots from the past with ancient DNA data (aDNA) from diverse periods of human prehistory. Comparing samples taken in the same region but at different time periods may indicate if there is continuity in the peopling history of that area or if a large genetic input, such as an immigration wave, has occurred. Here we propose a new modeling approach for investigating population continuity using aDNA, including two fundamental elements in human evolution that were absent from previous methods: population structure and migration. The method also considers the extensive temporal and geographic heterogeneity commonly found in aDNA datasets. We compare our spatially-explicit approach to the previous non-spatial method and show that it is more conservative and thus suitable for testing population continuity, especially when small, isolated populations, such as prehistoric ones, are considered. Moreover, our approach also allows investigating partial population continuity and we apply it to a real dataset of ancient mitochondrial DNA. We estimate that 91% of the current genetic pool in central Europe entered the area with immigrant Neolithic farmers, but a genetic contribution of local hunter-gatherers as large as 83% cannot be entirely ruled out.

Assessing the Health Status of Children Entering Foster Care

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Chernoff ◽  
Terri Combs-Orme ◽  
Christina Risley-Curtiss ◽  
Alice Heisler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children In Foster Care ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Complete Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Time

Objective. Most research on health problems of children in foster care has been cross-sectional, resulting in overselection of children who have been in care long-term and underrepresentation of children who are in care for a short time. Methodology. This paper reports on the health of a large cohort of children who had complete health examinations at the time of entry into foster care in a middle-size city during a 2-year period. Results. Results indicate that >90% of the children had an abnormality in atleast one body system, 25% failed the vision screen, and 15% failed the hearing screen. The children were also lighter and shorter than the norm. Mental health screening revealed that 75% had a family history of mental illness or drug or alcohol abuse. Of children older than 3 years of age, 15% admitted to or were suspect for suicidal ideation and 7% for homicidal ideation. Of the children younger than 5 years of age, 23% had abnormal or suspect results on developmental screening examinations. At the time of entry into foster care, 12% of the children required an antibiotic. More than half needed urgent or nonurgent referrals for medical services and, for children >3 years of age, more than half needed urgent or nonurgent referrals for dental and mental health services. Just 12% of the children required only routine follow-up care. Conclusions. The high prevalence and broad range of health needs of children at the time they enter foster care necessitate the design and implementation of better models of health care delivery for children in foster care.

Encephalopathy With Alternating Hemispheric MRI Abnormalities

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-183
Author(s):  
Andrew McKeon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Oral Prednisone ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Sharp Waves ◽  
Signal Abnormality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fluctuating Course ◽  
Short Time

A 21-year-old woman with a long-standing history of migraine sought care at her local provider for a 1-week history of confusion and mixing up her words. She then had a witnessed seizure, with dyscognitive features and secondary generalization. On hospitalization, electroencephalography demonstrated left temporal theta slowing and sharp waves. Magnetic resonance imaging showed patchy T2-signal abnormality, nonenhancing, in the left temporal region (only a report was available). Thyroid peroxidase antibodies were increased at 271 IU/mL. A diagnosis of an autoimmune encephalopathy was made, and the patient was treated with phenytoin, levetiracetam, and high-dose corticosteroids, followed by a slow oral prednisone taper. The patient improved cognitively but had considerable emotional lability and an increase in headache frequency and severity and, thus, sought a second opinion. Blood was drawn for genetic testing. The patient died in her sleep a short time later, most likely in the context of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy. Her genetic testing results became available 1 month later, which showed findings consistent with MELAS syndrome: heteroplasmic sequence variation m.3243A>G (tRNA Leu) and homoplasmic rare variant m.2294A>G (16S rRNA). Encephalopathy or encephalitis of subacute onset with fluctuating course is not unique to autoimmune encephalitis. Common acquired metabolic disorders must be considered and excluded in all cases, such as deficiencies of vitamin B12 and folate, hypothyroidism, sepsis, and central nervous system–active medications.

scholarly journals New size record for Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) in southern Quebec, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-381
Author(s):  
Patrick Galois ◽  
Ève-Lyne Grenier ◽  
Martin Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Chelydra Serpentina ◽  
Snapping Turtle ◽  
Good General Condition ◽  
Turtle Population ◽  
Local Habitat

We report a new size record for a Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) in Quebec, Canada. We captured an adult male in good general condition in the Rivière du Sud in the southern Montérégie region. Its straight midline carapace length was 43.2 cm (maximum carapace length 45.1 cm), and it weighed 19.8 kg. This record contributes to our understanding of the maximum size of this species at the northeastern part of its range. More intensive effort will be necessary to document the Snapping Turtle population structure in Quebec to allow for sound comparisons with other populations, as well as a better understanding of the effects of elevation, latitude, and local habitat on Snapping Turtle growth and size.

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