Phenotypic affinities of 11 species of Australian mullet (Pisces : Mugilidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
AV Spain ◽  
CJ Grant ◽  
DF Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
The Body ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Variate Analysis

The phenotypic affinities of 11 species of Australian mullet are examined using, principally, canonical variate analysis of 32 external body characteristics measured on individuals of each species. The body forms of four species of Liza and two of Mugil are compared within genera. All species proved to be distinct on the basis of the measured variables and the major discriminators proved to be the locations and relative sizes of the caudal, pectoral and first dorsal fins. Some degree of sexual dimorphism was evidenced in the analyses. In a combined analysis of all 11 species, no generic groupings of species were noted. One species, Rhinomugil nasutus: proved to be substantially different in body shape from the remainder. The Mahalanobis distance between Myxus elongatus and Liza argentea was not significant although the distances between all other species were. As shown by a minimum spanning tree analysis, M. elongatus occupies a central position and its relationships require further elucidation. The major discriminators in the combined analysis were again fin locations and relative sizes although some other body depth and width characteristics served to separate R. nasutus from the remaining species.

scholarly journals Minimum spanning tree analysis of the human connectome

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2455-2471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin van Dellen ◽  
Iris E. Sommer ◽  
Marc M. Bohlken ◽  
Prejaas Tewarie ◽  
Laurijn Draaisma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Tree Analysis

Tissue preservation can affect geometric morphometric analyses: a case study using fish body shape

2019 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Fruciano ◽  
Dominik Schmidt ◽  
Marcia Maria Ramírez Sanchez ◽  
Witold Morek ◽  
Zamira Avila Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Shape ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Variate Analysis ◽  
Shape Data

Abstract In geometric morphometrics, the extent of variation attributable to non-biological causes (i.e. measurement error) is sometimes overlooked. The effects of this variation on downstream statistical analyses are also largely unknown. In particular, it is unclear whether specimen preservation induces substantial variation in shape and whether such variation affects downstream statistical inference. Using a combination of empirical fish body shape data and realistic simulations, we show that preservation introduces substantial artefactual variation and significant non-random error (i.e. bias). Most changes in shape occur when fresh fish are frozen and thawed, whereas a smaller change in shape is observed when frozen and thawed fish are fixed in formalin and transferred to ethanol. Surprisingly, we also show that, in our case, preservation produces only minor effects on three downstream analyses of shape variation: classification using canonical variate analysis, permutation tests of differences in means and computations of differences in mean shape between groups. Even mixing of differently preserved specimens has a relatively small effect on downstream analyses. However, we suggest that mixing fish with different preservation should still be avoided and discuss the conditions in which this practice might be justified.

Epilepsy surgery outcome and functional network alterations in longitudinal MEG: A minimum spanning tree analysis

NeuroImage ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 354-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin van Dellen ◽  
Linda Douw ◽  
Arjan Hillebrand ◽  
Philip C. de Witt Hamer ◽  
Johannes C. Baayen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Functional Network ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Surgery Outcome

The Ecology of Lobarion Pulmonariae and Parmelion Caperatae in Quercus Dominated Forests in South-West Norway

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Gauslaa
Keyword(s):  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Marine Aerosols ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
South West ◽  
Ca Uptake ◽  
Minor Significance ◽  
Mg Content

Abstract119 investigated Quercus trunks and 67 species of lichens, 23 bryophytes and 3 non-lichenized fungi are arranged by means of the Minimum Spanning Tree analysis, resulting in four Lobarion communities and one Parmelion community. Lobarion is restricted to bark with pH > 5.0 in old forests. pH and Ca-content in the bark are strongly correlated; Ca seems to originate from Ca-uptake through the roots of the phorophyte. Within a single site the soil also seems to be responsible for the variation in the Mg-content of the bark, being correlated with Ca. The dominating source of the regionalvariationinMg, however, seems to be marine aerosols. Parmelion caperatae occurs on acid bark of young trees. The bark is, however, rich in Mg. Soluble tannins in the bark decrease with increasing age of the phorophyte, but are probably of minor significance for the epiphytic vegetation.

scholarly journals Large-scale star formation in Auriga region

2019 ◽  
Vol 492 (2) ◽  
pp. 2446-2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Pandey ◽  
Saurabh Sharma ◽  
N Kobayashi ◽  
Y Sarugaku ◽  
K Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Spanning Tree ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Young Stellar Objects ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Stellar Objects ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Formation Efficiency

ABSTRACT New observations in the VI bands along with archival data from the 2MASS and WISE surveys have been used to generate a catalogue of young stellar objects (YSOs) covering an area of about 6° × 6° in the Auriga region centred at l ∼ 173° and b ∼ 1.5°. The nature of the identified YSOs and their spatial distribution are used to study the star formation in the region. The distribution of YSOs along with that of the ionized and molecular gas reveals two ring-like structures stretching over an area of a few degrees each in extent. We name these structures as Auriga Bubbles 1 and 2. The centre of the Bubbles appears to be above the Galactic mid-plane. The majority of Class I YSOs are associated with the Bubbles, whereas the relatively older population, i.e. Class ii objects are rather randomly distributed. Using the minimum spanning tree analysis, we found 26 probable subclusters having five or more members. The subclusters are between ∼0.5 and ∼3 pc in size and are somewhat elongated. The star formation efficiency in most of the subcluster region varies between 5 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and 20 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ indicating that the subclusters could be bound regions. The radii of these subclusters also support it.

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