Chemistry of some sedgeland waters: Lake Pedder, south-west Tasmania

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
RT Buckney ◽  
PA Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Chemical Variation ◽  
Ion Composition ◽  
Biotic Community ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
South West ◽  
Lake Pedder

Surface waters of the Lake Pedder area are characterized by low salinity, low pH, high colour, and a relative major-ion composition near that of seawater. Factors determining this composition are predominance of inert rocks, a covering of sedgeland peat isolating waters from rock contact, and a high rainfall brought by prevailing oceanic winds. Frequency and intensity of rainfall appear to determine the pattern of chemical variation. Salinity, bicarbonate, and pH may change rapidly during periods of high rainfall. Humic acids are important chemical constituents of the waters, and probably determine the type of biotic community which inhabits them.

Chemical composition of some inland surface waters in South, Western and northeren Australia

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
WD Williams ◽  
RT Buckney
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
South West ◽  
Yorke Peninsula ◽  
Standing Waters ◽  
Almost All

Numerous analyses of the major ions in surface waters of South Australia, south-western Western Australia, and northern Australia are presented and discussed. In South Australia three regions were investigated: the Yorke Peninsula, the Snowtown area, and the extreme south-east including the Coorong. In all three areas salinities were high, except for Lake Alexandrina and Lake Albert at the mouth of the River Murray, and sodium and chloride were the dominant ions. In rivers and standing waters in the south-west of Western Australia sodium and chloride were likewise the dominant ions. Almost all standing waters sampled in this region were saline and salinity was also high in some rivers investigated; there are, nevertheless, freshwater lakes and rivers of low salinity in this region. In running and standing waters of northern Australia, salinities were low and there was no consistent pattern of ionic dominance.

scholarly journals Stream plant chemistry as indicator of acid sulphate soils in Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. LAX
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Fontinalis Antipyretica ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils ◽  
Trace Element Chemistry ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Results from the biogeochemical mapping (roots of aquatic plants and Fontinalis antipyretica) conducted by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) reflects the metal load of surface waters draining acid sulphate (AS) soils in Sweden. In this study, results from the biogeochemical, soil geochemical and Quaternary mapping programmes at SGU were used to investigate the impact of fine-grained deposits hosting AS soils on stream water trace element chemistry in two separate areas. In the area around Lake Mälaren, postglacial sediments contain the highest levels of most trace elements studied. Owing to the low pH of AS soils and subsequent leaching, levels of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), sulphur (S), yttrium (Y), uranium (U), tungsten (W), and molybdenum (Mo) were significantly elevated in aquatic roots. Levels were lower in the Skellefteå area, which may be explained by lower concentrations in source deposits. Concentrations of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) were normal or impoverished in biogeochemical samples from postglacial, finegrained sediment areas. Maps based on ratios (Ni:Pb or Y:Pb) in biogeochemical samples can, together with results from Quaternary mapping, be used to predict areas with AS soils in Sweden.;

scholarly journals Land use influences on acidification and recovery of freshwaters in Galloway, south-west Scotland

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Helliwell ◽  
R. C. Ferrier ◽  
L. Johnston ◽  
J. Goodwin ◽  
R. Doughty
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Recovery ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Sulphur Deposition ◽  
South West ◽  
Recovery From Acidification ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Annual Discharge

Abstract. The long term response of surface waters to changes in sulphur deposition and afforestation is investigated for three upland river systems in the Galloway region of south-west Scotland. From 1984-1999, these rivers exhibited a statistically significant decline in non-marine sulphate concentrations in response to reduced acid deposition. This reduction in non-marine sulphate was, however, insufficient to induce a pH recovery over the period. A statistically significant increase in river pH was observed between 1956-1970 (0.05 yr-1) when subsidised agricultural lime payments were at a maximum. In 1976, this subsidy ceased and surface waters have progressively acidified. In addition, climatic change is found to influence long-term trends in pH. Mean annual pH was greatest during a dry period between 1969-1973 when total annual discharge was low. Thereafter, pH declined gradually in response to higher rainfall and increased total annual discharge. Overall, surface waters draining the afforested catchments of the Rivers Cree and Bladnoch are more acid than those draining the moorland catchment of the Luce. These results indicate that in afforested catchments, current reductions in sulphur emissions have not led to an observed improvement in the acid status of surface waters. Forestry, therefore, represents a confounding factor with regard to chemical recovery from acidification in this region. Keywords: acidification, afforestation, deposition, rivers, lochs, non-marine sulphate, pH

scholarly journals Low pH Enhances the Glucosinolate-Mediated Yellowing of Takuan-zuke under Low Salt Conditions

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1524
Author(s):  
Taito Kobayashi ◽  
Kei Kumakura ◽  
Asaka Takahashi ◽  
Hiroki Matsuoka
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Radish Root ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

This study was performed to clarify the enhancement of the 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate induced yellowing of salted radish root (takuan-zuke) by low pH during short-term salt-aging at low temperature and low salinity. We used two different methods to prepare the dehydrated daikon prior to salt-aging: air-drying outdoors (hoshi takuan-zuke) or salting with a stone press (shio-oshi takuan-zuke). Low salt-aging at low temperature was carried out under pH control with citrate-phosphate buffer. The yellowing of both types of takuan-zuke was accelerated below pH 5, and the color of air-dried takuan-zuke was deeper than that of salt-pressed takuan-zuke. To elucidate this phenomenon, several previously reported yellowing-related compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The result showed that the production of the primary pigment, 2-[3-(2-thioxopyrrolidin-3-ylidene)methyl]-tryptophan, was low compared with that in previous reports. Therefore, we suggest that an unknown pigment was generated through a previously unreported pathway.

Reproduction and survival of Phyllorhiza punctata (Cnidaria: Rhizostomeae) in a seasonally fluctuating salinity regime in Western Australia

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Rippingale ◽  
SJ Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Salinity Regime ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Phyllorhiza Punctata

Although medusae of the scyphozoan Phyllorhiza punctata are abundant in the Swan-Canning estuary during summer, they are absent when surface waters are dominated by low-salinity runoff water following winter rains. In the laboratory, scyphistomae of P. punctata are shown to survive in conditions of temperature and salinity that occur in the estuary during winter in waters deeper than 5 m. It is postulated that areas of deep water provide a winter refuge for scyphistomae and that asexual production of both ciliary buds and ephyrae enables rapid growth of the P. punctata population in the spring of each year.

Optimising grain yield and grazing potential of crops across Australia’s high-rainfall zone: a simulation analysis. 1. Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay W. Bell ◽  
Julianne M. Lilley ◽  
James R. Hunt ◽  
John A. Kirkegaard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
South West ◽  
Crop Density

Interest is growing in the potential to expand cropping into Australia’s high-rainfall zone (HRZ). Dual-purpose crops are suited to the longer growing seasons in these environments to provide both early grazing for livestock and later regrow to produce grain. Grain yield and grazing potential of wheats of four different maturity types were simulated over 50 years at 13 locations across Australia’s HRZ, and sowing date, nitrogen (N) availability and crop density effects were explored. Potential grazing days on wheat were obtained by simulating sheep grazing crops to Zadoks growth stage Z30 at 25 dry sheep equivalents (DSE)/ha. Optimal sowing dates for each maturity type at each location were matched to the flowering window during which risk of frost and heat stress was lowest. Overall, we found significant national potential for dual-purpose use of winter wheat cultivars across Australia’s HRZ, with opportunities identified in all regions. Simulated mean wheat yields exceeded 6 t/ha at most locations, with highest mean grain yields (8–10 t/ha) in southern Victoria, and lower yields (5–7 t/ha) in the south-west of Western Australia (WA) and central and northern New South Wales (NSW). Highest grazing days were from winter cultivars sown early (March–mid-April), which could provide 1700–3000 DSE-days/ha of grazing across HRZ locations; this was 2–3 times higher than could be obtained from grazing spring cultivars (200–800 DSE-days/ha). Sowing date was critical to maximise both grazing and grain yield potential from winter cultivars; each 1-week delay in sowing after 8 March reduced grazing by 200–250 DSE-days/ha and grain yield by 0.45 t/ha. However, in Mediterranean climates, a lower frequency of early sowing opportunities before mid-April (<30% of years) is likely to limit the potential to use winter cultivars. Prospects to graze shorter season spring cultivars that fit later sowing windows require further examination in south-west WA, the slopes of NSW and southern Queensland.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE WATERS OF THE MANZANARES RIVER, CUMANA-SUCRE, VENEZUELA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arístide Márquez ◽  
William James Senior ◽  
Gregorio Martínez ◽  
J. Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Total Ammonium

The Manzanares River is one of the more important rivers of Venezuela inasmuch as it is used to supply drinkingwater to a large part of the northeastern zone of Venezuela. For this reason a study was undertaken of the surface waters of theestuarine zone of the river, following the saline gradient from zero to salinities greater than 30. The following properties weremeasured: river volume flow, rainfall, pH, temperature, suspended materials, dissolved oxygen and ammonium, and heavy metals(Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb and Cd) in particulate and dissolved phases. River volume flow varied with seasonal rainfall throughoutthe year, as expected, while temperature varied between 24.5 and30.4 oC and pH ranged from 6.65 and 8.9. From the dry to the wetseason, suspended material increased from 23 to 880 mg/l at low salinity, and always decreased progressively as salinity increased.Concentrations of total ammonium, 14.5 to 14.3 mmol/l, were high, while those of dissolved oxygen, 3.57 to 5.27 ml/l, were low, andthese levels were even more accentuated at salinities under 5 during the dry season. The highest concentrations found for heavymetals were: Fe 406.02; Mn 5.57; Zn 2.18; Cu 0.72; Cr 0.19; Ni 0.72; Pb 0.12; Cd 0.03 mmol/l. These surpass Venezuelan legal limitsfor water intended for human consumption as well as for waters to be discharged in coastal areas. Concentrations decreased atincreased salinity because of the dilution effect, flocculation and/or precipitation in the form of oxyhydroxides. The results obtainedin this study reveal a serious deterioration of the state of the waters of the lower Manzanares river.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document