Calanus tonsus (Copepoda, Calanoida) in southern New Zealand waters with notes on the male

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Jillett
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The North ◽  
Surface Samples ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Subantarctic Water

Calanus tonsus, a subantarctic planktonic copepod, was taken abundantly in surface waters off south-eastern New Zealand in spring and early summer (September to January). Nearly two generations are passed in this time but individuals of the second generation appear to descend into deep water as Stage V copepodites. Here they overwinter before they mature and breed in August. Males were not taken at all in surface samples and only appeared in deep water upon the maturation of the overwintering stocks. When they first appear, males outnumber females. C. tonsus was seasonally abundant near the surface in the Southland Current, and further offshore in subantarctic water, but not in neritic waters near the shore. It is probably introduced into the Southland Current each spring from deeper subantarctic water. C. tonsus is closely related to C.plumchrus of the North Pacific and the two species have many similarities in their life-cycles and hydrological afiities. The male of C. tonsus has been more fully described in this paper.

Deep‐Water Formation in the North Pacific During the Late Miocene Global Cooling

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Zhai ◽  
Shiming Wan ◽  
Christophe Colin ◽  
Debo Zhao ◽  
Yuntao Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Cooling ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals The global ocean circulation on a retrograde rotating earth

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kamphuis ◽  
S. E. Huisman ◽  
H. A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Freshwater Flux ◽  
Deep Water Formation ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Formation ◽  
Global Ocean Circulation ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract. To understand the three-dimensional ocean circulation patterns that have occurred in past continental geometries, it is crucial to study the role of the present-day continental geometry and surface (wind stress and buoyancy) forcing on the present-day global ocean circulation. This circulation, often referred to as the Conveyor state, is characterised by an Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) with a deep water formation at northern latitudes and the absence of such a deep water formation in the North Pacific. This MOC asymmetry is often attributed to the difference in surface freshwater flux: the Atlantic as a whole is a basin with net evaporation, while the Pacific receives net precipitation. This issue is revisited in this paper by considering the global ocean circulation on a retrograde rotating earth, computing an equilibrium state of the coupled atmosphere-ocean-land surface-sea ice model CCSM3. The Atlantic-Pacific asymmetry in surface freshwater flux is indeed reversed, but the ocean circulation pattern is not an Inverse Conveyor state (with deep water formation in the North Pacific) as there is relatively weak but intermittently strong deep water formation in the North Atlantic. Using a fully-implicit, global ocean-only model the stability properties of the Atlantic MOC on a retrograde rotating earth are also investigated, showing a similar regime of multiple equilibria as in the present-day case. These results indicate that the present-day asymmetry in surface freshwater flux is not the most important factor setting the Atlantic-Pacific salinity difference and, thereby, the asymmetry in the global MOC.

scholarly journals Community-scale Synchronization and Temporal Partitioning of Gene Expression, Metabolism, and Lipid Biosynthesis in Oligotrophic Ocean Surface Waters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Muratore ◽  
Angie K. Boysen ◽  
Matthew J. Harke ◽  
Kevin W. Becker ◽  
John R. Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
North Pacific Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
The North ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Periodic Dynamics ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Light Input

AbstractSunlight drives daily rhythms of photosynthesis, growth, and division of photoautotrophs throughout the surface oceans. However, the cascading impacts of oscillatory light input on diverse microbial communities and community-scale metabolism remains unclear. Here we use an unsupervised machine learning approach to show that a small number of diel archetypes can explain pervasive periodic dynamics amongst more than 65,000 distinct time series, including transcriptional activity, macromolecules, lipids, and metabolites from the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Overall, we find evidence for synchronous timing of carbon-cycle gene expression that underlie daily oscillations in the concentrations of particulate organic carbon. In contrast, we find evidence of asynchronous timing in gene transcription related to nitrogen metabolism and related metabolic processes consistent with temporal niche partitioning amongst microorganisms in the bacterial and eukaryotic domains.

Two new species of Petalophthalmus and Ipirophthalmus (Crustacea: Mysida: Petalophthalmidae), from New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5061 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-475
Author(s):  
JEFFREY S. FORMAN ◽  
KAREEN E. SCHNABEL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Insight Into

Two new deep-water mysids from the subfamily Petalophthalminae (Crustacea: Mysida: Petalophthalmidae) are described from specimens collected from Challenger Plateau, Chatham Rise, and off the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. These new species raise the number of species of both genera to five. Petalophthalmus lobatus sp. nov. differs from its congeners by the structure of an elongated ventilation lobe on the seventh oostegites, laterally flattened eyes, and the armature of the telson. Ipirophthalmus crusulus sp. nov. can easily be distinguished by the rudimentary sixth to eighth thoracic endopods. Both species were found to be the prey of several fishes, including commercially caught species, providing insight into their ecology. An identification key to the subfamily is provided.  

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