Non-native white piranhas graze preferentially on caudal fins from large netted fishes

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 585 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Andrade ◽  
L. D. Silva ◽  
I. Guedes ◽  
A. M. Santos ◽  
P. S. Pompeu
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Large Fish ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Native White

In this study we assessed, for the first time, grazing by Serrasalmus brandtii outside its natural range. We observed higher grazing proportions in samples from sites where S. brandtii is the dominant species in relation to sites where it is recorded as present and sites where it is absent. S. brandtii grazed preferentially on caudal fins in relation to all other fins alone or combined. It also preferred to mutilate fins instead of flesh. Larger fish had a higher probability of being mutilated and had a higher number of mutilated fins than smaller fish, which is expected as large fish represent a larger resource to their consumers. S. brandtii avoided mutilating conspecifics and, as its abundance increased, so did the number of species being preferentially grazed.

scholarly journals Odonates from Bodoquena Plateau: checklist and information about endangered species

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Koroiva ◽  
Marciel Elio Rodrigues ◽  
Francisco Valente-Neto ◽  
Fábio de Oliveira Roque
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Red List Species ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Abstract Here we provide an updated checklist of the odonates from Bodoquena Plateau, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. We registered 111 species from the region. The families with the highest number of species were Libellulidae (50 species), Coenagrionidae (43 species) and Gomphidae (12 species). 35 species are registered in the IUCN Red List species, four being Data Deficient, 29 of Least Concern and two species being in the threatened category. Phyllogomphoides suspectus Belle, 1994 (Odonata: Gomphidae) was registered for the first time in the state.

scholarly journals Undercover speciation of wentletraps (Caenogastropoda: Epitoniidae) in the Southwestern Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4286 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
DIEGO G. ZELAYA ◽  
MARINA GÜLLER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being

Despite being one of the most speciose families, Epitoniidae still remains at present as one of the least understood gastropod families worldwide. This is a consequence of most of the species being only known from shell morphology, added to the wide intraspecific variability of this character and the fact that shell morphology has proven to have frequent examples of parallelisms and convergences among different (unrelated) species. Knowledge of other morphological and anatomical characters in this group is still in its first steps, and such information is currently available for a limited number of species, thus being difficult (when not impossible) to evaluate its taxonomic value. The aim of this study is to re-evaluate the diversity of Epitoniidae occurring in the Atlantic coast of Patagonia. As part of this study, the validity of only four of the six species described / reported from this area could be confirmed: Epitonium georgettinum, E. striatellum, E. fabrizioi and “Cirsotrema” magellanicum. In addition, three new species were recognized and are described herein: Epitonium evanidstriatum, “Cirsotrema” ctenodentatum and “Cirsotrema” strebeli. Information on the shell (including the protoconch), operculum, radula and jaw for these species is here provided, in most cases for the first time. A neotype for Scalaria magellanica is here designated. Furthermore, “Cirsotrema” georgeanum is here proposed as a replacement name for Scalaria fenestrata Strebel, 1908 (not Meneghini in de Stefani, 1875, nor Scalaria fenestrata Wöhrmann, 1889); and that taxon is regarded as a full species, instead of as a synonym of “Cirsotrema” magellanicum, as suggested in some previous publications. This study reveals that the usage of isolated (either morphological or anatomical) characters is usually insufficient for identifying some of the species from Patagonia; however, if these characters are combined, all species may be clearly recognized. 

scholarly journals Checklist of Mosses (Bryophyta) of Bodamalai Hills in Eastern Ghats, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Palani ◽  
S Sahaya Sathish ◽  
T Thamizharasi ◽  
P Vijayakanth
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
First Time

Bodamalai Hills, situated on the Southern Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu, were explored for mosses (bryophyta) for the first time. As a result a checklist of mosses has been prepared comprising 52 species belonging to 38 genera and 21 families. The dominant families with the maximum number of species are Pottiaceae, Bryaceae, Stereophyllaceae, Sematophyllaceae and Brachytheciaceae. The dominant genera are Brachymenium and Bryum and the dominant species are Barbula javanica and Bryum capillare.

The faunistic structure of beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) in herpetobios of urbocenosis of Kharkiv city (Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Komaromi ◽  
N. Yu. Nikolenko ◽  
A. V. Puchkov
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Random Components ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

A total of 320 species from 42 families were registered in the herpetobios (stratobiont and epigeobiont beetles) of the urbocenosis of Kharkiv. Among these more than 160 species are recorded for the first time for this metropolis. Four species of ground beetles (Notiophilus germinyi Fauvel, Clivina fossor L., Laemostenus terricola Herbst and Masoreus wetterhali Gyll.) were not listed for Ukraine in the Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera. The species Omosita japonica Reitter, 1874 (Nitidulidae) is new for Ukranian fauna. Moreover, 93 species from 17 families are the dominant species (at least in one of the urban ecosystems). Among these, eudominants are represented with almost 20 species, but the number of eudomonants did not exceed ten species in separate urban cenoses. Carabidae (80), Staphylinidae (36), Curculionidae (32) and Tenebrionidae (8 species) dominate both, in species composition and abundance. The total part of these groups reached at least 90% of Coleoptera, recorded in urban-cenosis. Separate species of Silphidae, Dermestidae, Elateridae, Chrysomelidae, Leiodidae, Coccinellidae, Nitidulidae, Scarabaeidae, Histeridae and Lucanidae were sporadically usual in most plots. They accounted almost 9% of the total quantity of all beetles in transformed cenoses. Among these, a greater number of species are found within the families of Scarabaeidae (33), Chrysomelidae (16), Elateridae (14), Histeridae (12), Coccinellidae (11) and Nitidulidae (11), Silphidae (6) and Dermestidae (6). The rest of the families are represented with 1–4 species. All beetles registered in herpetobios belong to three groups. Typical inhabitants of herpetobios prevailed (about 200 species from 22 families, at least 90% of all Coleoptera). The proportion of species sporadically associated with herpetobios (more than 40 species from 10 families) was about 5% of all beetles. Random components of herpetobios are represented by more than 70 species from 10 families, and their total share did not exceed 3% of all Coleoptera. A preliminary taxonomic review of coleopterofauna was carried out in different urbocenoses. The number of species in urbocenosises ranged from 101 (Forest Park) to 124 (urban parks). In other green plantings of the city, the species diversity reached 105–118 species. The number of dominant beetles in different areas ranged from 37 to 60 species.

Notes on Some Siphonaptera from Canada

1952 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Palaearctic Region ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
International Boundary ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Partial Compensation

In a previous paper on the Siphonaptera of Canada the writer (Holland, 1949b) summarized all available published and unpublished data up to December 31, 1946. One hundred and twenty-seven species and subspecies of fleas were recorded, of which 121 are believed to be endemic, and 6 introduced in historic times from the Palaearctic Region.Studies since 1946 have drawn attention to the occurrence in Canada of a number of species not hitherto recorded. Some of these were new to science. The discoveries of some of the others could have been predicted with reasonable certainty, the species being known from areas immediately south of the International Boundary, on species of hosts known to occur in Canada. In other instances the captures occasioned some surprise, the Canadian records representing rather broad extensions of the known ranges. Some of this supplementary information has already been published (Holland, 1949a, 1950, 1951a, 1951b). In the present paper, seven additional species and subspecies are reported from Canada for the first time. In partial compensation for this, the total of Canadian species is reduced by the recognition of two synonyms.

Taxonomic and faunistic remarks on European Ptilomyia Coquillett (Diptera: Ephydridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5068 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-586
Author(s):  
JENS-HERMANN STUKE
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Type Material ◽  
European Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being

The number of species of Ptilomyia Coquillett, 1900 occurring in Europe is confirmed as three, with two previously recorded species being synonymised and one species being newly added: Ptilomyia shoka Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2017 is herewith reported from Georgia for the first time. The available type material of European Ptilomyia species was examined and resulted in two new synonyms: Ptilomyia kairensis (Becker, 1903) = Atissa orsovana Enderlein, 1922 (syn. nov.) = Ptilomyia madeirensis Stuke 2012 (syn. nov.). The known distribution of all three valid European species is discussed, and records are listed from Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Jordan, Morocco, Portugal and the United Arab Emirates. A key to the European species is provided and the male terminalia of all three species are illustrated.  

The association of amphipods in the shallow-water sand habitat of Strangford Lough, Co. Down

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Fincham
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Strangford Lough ◽  
The Family ◽  
Average Abundance ◽  
Median Diameter ◽  
First Time

Ten stations were sampled in the shallow-water sand habitat of Strangford Lough using a naturalist's dredge. Sediment samples were analysed to determine median diameter (ranging from 1·13 to 3·23 ø), Phi quartile deviation (ranging from 0·17 to 0·65 ø) and Phi quartile skewness (ranging from –0·11 to –0·04 ø).Twenty-two species of amphipod belonging to thirteen families were identified; ten species were new records for Strangford Lough and the Family Phoxocephalidae was recorded for the first time. The average number of species per station was nine and average abundance was 660 amphipods per station. The most frequently occurring species was the caprellid Phtisica marina (present in 90% of the samples); the overall dominant species was the corophiid Corophium crassicorne representing 52% of all specimens recorded.

The helminth fauna of the barbary partridgeAlectoris barbarain Tenerife, Canary Islands

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Foronda ◽  
J.C. Casanova ◽  
E. Figueruelo ◽  
N. Abreu ◽  
C. Feliu
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Tenerife Island ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being

AbstractThe helminth fauna of the barbary partridge (Alectoris barbara) in Tenerife Island (Canary Archipelago) was studied from 2001 to 2002, as there were no records of helminths from this host in the Canary Islands. Seven helminth species were identified: two cestodesChoanotaenia infundibulumandLyruterina nigropunctata, and five nematodesAonchotheca caudinflata,Baruscapillaria obsignata,Eucoleus annulatus,Ascaridia galliandHeterakis gallinarum.Lyruterina nigropunctata,A. galli and E. annulatusare recorded for first time inA. barbara. An analysis of available data onAlectorisspp. reveals the importance of intermediate hosts such as arthropods and earthworms in the diet of partridges. Terrestrial helminths are dominant species, with monoxenous and heteroxenous species being present in similar numbers in differentAlectorisspecies along their geographical distribution. Helminth species found in Tenerife fromA. barbaraare poor indicators of the host colonization from North Africa because these helminths are species that are commonly found in fowl with a cosmopolitan distribution.

To the flora of сonjugates (Streptophyta, Conjugatophyceae) of the Valdai District area of the National Park «Valdaiskiy» (Novgorod Region, Russia)

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A. F. Luknitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
National Park ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
First Time

76 species, 3 varieties and 1 form from 21 genera of Streptophyta, Conjugatophyceae (Actinotaenium, Bambusina, Closterium, Cosmarium, Cylindrocystis, Euastrum, Gonatozygon, Haplotaenium, Micrasterias, Mougeotia, Netrium, Penium, Planotaenium, Pleurotaenium, Raphidiastrum, Spirogyra, Spirotaenia, Staurastrum, Staurodesmus, Tetmemorus, Xanthidium) were found in the basins of the Valdai District area of the National Park «Valdaiskiy» (Novgorod Region, Russia). The list of species is annotated with data on the species distribution in 55 collecting sites of 29 water bodies of the national park, and species abundance in collected samples according to Luknitskaya (2009). Among above mentioned genera, the genus Cosmarium is represented by the greatest number of species (20). Staurastrum chaetoceros has been found for the first time for the Novgorod Region.

Arthropods in the nests of lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina)

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Krištofík ◽  
Peter Mašán ◽  
Zbyšek Šustek ◽  
Dušan Karaska
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Group ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Aquila Pomarina ◽  
Investigation Period ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn 2001–2007, altogether 57 nests of lesser spotted eagle were collected in the Orava region in northwestern Slovakia and four groups of arthropods were extracted from them. Richest in number of species and individuals were mites (23 species, 17,500 ind.), followed by beetles (12 species, 725 ind.), whereas pseudoscorpions were represented only by Pselaphochernes scorpioides (39 ind.) and fleas by Ceratophyllus garei (3 ind.). Unlike nests of other birds, free-living mites predominated in the nests fauna (83% of individuals), followed by nidicolous species with more or less free relationship to the nests, while parasitic species represented only a negligible part of the fauna. For the first time we observed phoresy of Nenteria pandioni, a specific and abundant mite in the eagles’ nests, on the nidicolous staphylinid Haploglossa puncticollis. The beetle fauna in the nests was much poorer than in nests of other birds. The predatory H. puncticollis was dominant in the nests (83%) and occurred continuously during the whole investigation period. Other beetles, even the widely distributed nidicols such as the histerid Gnathoncus buyssoni, were found rarely in nests. Predators were also the only abundant trophic group of beetles in the nests, while other trophic groups of beetles abundantly co-occur in nests of majority of other birds. The occurrence of all beetles was very unevenly distributed during the investigation period, but was positively correlated with occurrence of mites. The relatively low number of species and individuals of mites and beetles in the lesser spotted eagle nests resulted from their position on tree tops, at a height of 20–30 m and their quick drying out by sun and wind. It was also indicated by an enormously low number of species and individuals of mycetophagous beetles, which represent a significant component of the fauna in nests of other birds.

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