scholarly journals Inter-population variability in growth and reproduction of invasive bleak Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758) across the Iberian Peninsula

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Latorre ◽  
G. Masó ◽  
A. Hinckley ◽  
D. Verdiell-Cubedo ◽  
A. S. Tarkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Population Variability ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Bleak Alburnus Alburnus ◽  
Iberian Rivers

The native European freshwater cyprinid fish, common bleak Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758), is an invasive non-native fish in the Iberian Peninsula, where it threatens the valuable endemic fish fauna. Despite the bleak’s invasive status, there is a dearth of studies on the biological traits of non-native populations in Europe’s Mediterranean region, and the present study aimed to compare bleak growth and reproductive traits across the principal rivers of Iberia with those from a native ‘reference’ bleak population in France. Non-native bleak from the River Tagus had the highest back-calculated total lengths (TLs), growth rate and body condition, but the lowest reproductive investment and smallest egg size of all studied populations. Whereas, these latter two traits were the highest in the River Ebro, where fecundity was the lowest for all Iberian rivers. The youngest age and the smallest TL at maturity were observed in the River Ebro. The River Segura had the lowest back-calculated TLs and growth rate, the highest fecundity and proportion of females, and the oldest age at maturity. Population traits of bleak in the River Saône (the native ‘reference’ population) were generally different from those in Iberian rivers, except for the River Ebro. This wide inter-population variability contributes to the species’ successful establishment in novel habitats.

scholarly journals Interpopulation Variability in Dietary Traits of Invasive Bleak Alburnus alburnus (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) Across the Iberian Peninsula

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2200
Author(s):  
Dani Latorre ◽  
Guillem Masó ◽  
Arlo Hinckley ◽  
David Verdiell-Cubedo ◽  
Gema Castillo-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Interpopulation Variability ◽  
Unimodal Response ◽  
Successful Invader ◽  
Bleak Alburnus Alburnus ◽  
Iberian Rivers

The bleak Alburnus alburnus is native to most of Europe. This cyprinid fish is a successful invader in the Iberian Peninsula. No studies exist on its foraging strategies on a large scale for this ecoregion. The aim of the present study was to compare dietary traits of invasive bleak among the main Iberian rivers and a ‘reference’ native bleak population from France. Bleak were sampled during May–June 2019 from the Iberian Rivers Ebro, Tagus, Guadiana, Segura and Guadalquivir and the River Saône (France). Diptera larvae and zooplankton were common food categories in the River Saône. Insect nymphs were more important in the River Ebro. The intake of plant material was higher in the River Tagus. Flying insects were more consumed in the River Guadiana. Nektonic insects were important in the River Guadalquivir. Detritus was a frequent food category for all populations, in terms of occurrence and mass. Dietary parameters followed a unimodal response in relation to the latitudinal gradient, with the maximum values for the Tagus and Guadiana populations. Overall, results suggest that this wide interpopulation variability will contribute to the species’ successful establishment throughout Mediterranean Europe, which poses a serious risk to its highly valuable native fish fauna.

Ovigeny strategy of the parasitic wasp Cosmocomoidea annulicornis (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae): effect of female age, feeding and host availability on reproductive traits

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Carolina Manzano ◽  
Eduardo G. Virla ◽  
Maria V. Coll Araoz ◽  
Erica Luft-Albarracin
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Potential Fecundity ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Host Availability ◽  
Egg Maturation

Abstract The reproductive traits of the mymarid wasp Cosmocomoidea annulicornis (Ogloblin) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) attacking eggs of the sharpshooter Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Bioassays were carried out to estimate the realized fecundity and egg load of females. The ovigeny index was calculated and different biological traits, such as body size, oöcyte length, gaster length and wing length, were analysed to assess significant associations between these traits and the species fitness. In addition, the effect of host availability and feeding on longevity and potential fecundity throughout life and the effect of female age on egg maturation dynamics were assessed. The results showed that C. annulicornis is a strongly synovigenic species. A positive correlation was found between fecundity and longevity of the females and between body size and oöcyte length. Contrary to expected, body size was not related to fecundity and longevity. Females lived significantly longer in the presence of hosts and honey than when they were host-deprived and honey-fed or both host and honey deprived. Host availability had a significant effect on the amount of eggs laid by C. annulicornis females. Female age was negatively associated with oöcyte length. Furthermore, females were able to mature additional eggs as they aged, nevertheless, when host-deprived, senescent females presented significantly less mature eggs than younger ones, suggesting a possible egg oosorption. These results might contribute to a better understanding of the reproductive potential of this species as a biocontrol agent.

Conserved growth rate and age structure of Xenopus laevis in the edge and core of an expanding population

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Courant ◽  
Layla Adil ◽  
Barbara De Kegel ◽  
Dominique Adriaens ◽  
Anthony Herrel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Range Edge ◽  
Investment In Reproduction ◽  
Range Core ◽  
Expanding Population

Abstract Invasive species represent a unique opportunity to study the evolutionary mechanisms driving range expansions. Although range expansion is expected to be associated with increased reproduction and dispersal at the range edge, Xenopus laevis seems to decrease its reproductive investment and to enhance dispersal at the range edge. Evidence of increased dispersal at the edge of expanding populations occurring simultaneously with a faster growth rate has been reported for other organisms. Here, we focused on the growth rate and age structure at the range edge vs. the range core in an expanding population of X. laevis. We used skeletochronology to characterize the age of 250 individuals captured at the range core and edge of this expanding population. Using the Von Bertalanffy equation, we then compared individual growth rates between locations. We found no significant changes in growth rate or age structure between edge and core samples. This result suggests that the reduced investment in reproduction recorded in another study at the range edge might compensate for the increased dispersal without impacting growth in this population. This implies that the resource allocation in an expanding population might thus be more diverse than commonly assumed.

Altitudinal variation in reproductive strategy of the toad-headed lizard, Phrynocephalus vlangalii in North Tibet Plateau (Qinghai)

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Ting Jin ◽  
Nai-Fa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Sand Lizard ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
The Common ◽  
Anatomical Constraints

Abstract Phrynocephalus vlangalii, a toad-headed viviparous sand lizard, is endemic in the Northern Tibet (Qinghai) Plateau in China. Lizards were collected from 14 localities along the large altitudinal gradient (2289-4565 m a.s.l) to analyze the variation of reproductive traits among localities. Both litter size and mean offspring (scaled embryo) mass were positively correlated with female snout-vent length (SVL). Females produced fewer and larger offspring with increasing elevation when the effect of body size (SVL) was removed. This strategy may possibly be correlated with early survival and growth of offspring. The decreased litter size cline along altitudinal gradient might be correlated with more anatomical constraints at higher altitudes. The lizard has lower coefficient of variation (CV) of litter size at higher environments. Moreover, females from higher elevations had less reproductive investment (relative litter mass, RLM). Study concluded that P. vlangalii fit into the common pattern of higher elevation animals that have smaller clutches of larger offspring and lower reproductive effort.

scholarly journals Biological traits of Cyzicus grubei (Crustacea, Spinicaudata, Cyzicidae) in south-western Iberian Peninsula

Limnetica ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Pérez-Bote, José-Luis ◽  
González Píriz, Juan Pablo ◽  
Galeano Solís, Alejandro
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Biological Traits

scholarly journals The response of Iberian rivers to the North Atlantic Oscillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 4459-4493 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lorenzo-Lacruz ◽  
S. M. Vicente-Serrano ◽  
J. I. López-Moreno ◽  
J. C. González-Hidalgo ◽  
E. Morán-Tejeda
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Iberian Rivers

Abstract. In this study we analyzed the influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on the streamflow in 187 sub-basins of the Iberian Peninsula. Monthly and one-month lagged correlations were conducted to assess the spatio-temporal extent of the NAO influence on Iberian river discharges. Analysis of the persistence of the winter NAO throughout the year was also undertaken, together with analysis of streamflow anomalies during positive and negative NAO phases. Moving-window correlation analyses were conducted to assess potential changes in the temporal evolution of the NAO influence on Iberian streamflows. The results show that the NAO has a large impact on surface water resources throughout the Iberian Peninsula during winter, and in the Atlantic watershed during autumn. We showed that water resources management and snowmelt are causing the persistent dependence of streamflows on the previous winter NAO. We found that strongly positive streamflow anomalies occurred during winter, especially in the Atlantic watershed, and provide evidence of non-stationarity and spatial variability in the NAO influence on Iberian water resources.

scholarly journals The superiority of multi-trait models with genotype-by-environment interactions in a limited number of environments for genomic prediction in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailiang Song ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Xiangdong Ding
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Effect Estimation ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Background Different production systems and climates could lead to genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions between populations, and the inclusion of G × E interactions is becoming essential in breeding decisions. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of multi-trait models in genomic prediction in a limited number of environments with G × E interactions. Results In total, 2,688 and 1,384 individuals with growth and reproduction phenotypes, respectively, from two Yorkshire pig populations with similar genetic backgrounds were genotyped with the PorcineSNP80 panel. Single- and multi-trait models with genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and BayesC π were implemented to investigate their genomic prediction abilities with 20 replicates of five-fold cross-validation. Our results regarding between-environment genetic correlations of growth and reproductive traits (ranging from 0.618 to 0.723) indicated the existence of G × E interactions between these two Yorkshire pig populations. For single-trait models, genomic prediction with GBLUP was only 1.1% more accurate on average in the combined population than in single populations, and no significant improvements were obtained by BayesC π for most traits. In addition, single-trait models with either GBLUP or BayesC π produced greater bias for the combined population than for single populations. However, multi-trait models with GBLUP and BayesC π better accommodated G × E interactions, yielding 2.2% – 3.8% and 1.0% – 2.5% higher prediction accuracies for growth and reproductive traits, respectively, compared to those for single-trait models of single populations and the combined population. The multi-trait models also yielded lower bias and larger gains in the case of a small reference population. The smaller improvement in prediction accuracy and larger bias obtained by the single-trait models in the combined population was mainly due to the low consistency of linkage disequilibrium between the two populations, which also caused the BayesC π method to always produce the largest standard error in marker effect estimation for the combined population. Conclusions In conclusion, our findings confirmed that directly combining populations to enlarge the reference population is not efficient in improving the accuracy of genomic prediction in the presence of G × E interactions, while multi-trait models perform better in a limited number of environments with G × E interactions.

scholarly journals Growth-related life-history traits of an invasive gammarid species: evaluation with a Laird–Gompertz model

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2006-2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Piscart ◽  
Simon Devin ◽  
Jean-Nicolas Beisel ◽  
Jean-Claude Moreteau
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Dikerogammarus Villosus ◽  
Forcing Function

Although the invasive gammarid Dikerogammarus villosus (Crustacea, Amphipoda) is a recent successful invader of Western Europe's lakes and rivers and a threat to North American aquatic ecosystems, its biology is scarcely known. Different growth models for each sex were established for the first time for a natural population of a freshwater gammarid. The Laird–Gompertz growth curve was used because it best fit our data, and it was associated with an environmental forcing function to adjust the growth rate according to seasonal variations in environmental conditions. The growth curve was applied to a length decomposition obtained using the Bhattacharya method, realised on data obtained from a 1-year population dynamics study. The models allowed an assessment of biological traits such as life-span, the age of sexual maturity, the potential number of generations per year, and the growth rate as a function of environmental conditions. Differences in growth rate between males and females were consistent with biological processes such as allocation of energy for reproduction. Dikerogammarus villosus had higher rates of growth and earlier sexual maturity than all other taxa studied, which may explain its invasive tendencies and its ability to colonize numerous new ecosystems, thus becoming a cosmopolitan freshwater species.

scholarly journals Effects of Fish Predators on the Mass-Related Energetics of a Keystone Freshwater Crustacean

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas S. Glazier ◽  
Jonathan J. Borrelli ◽  
Casandra L. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Selective Predation ◽  
Scaling Exponents ◽  
Mass Scaling ◽  
Fish Predators ◽  
The Face ◽  
Food Assimilation ◽  
Reported Data

Little is known about how predators or their cues affect the acquisition and allocation of energy throughout the ontogeny of prey organisms. To address this question, we have been comparing the ontogenetic body-mass scaling of various traits related to energy intake and use between populations of a keystone amphipod crustacean inhabiting freshwater springs, with versus without fish predators. In this progress report, we analyze new and previously reported data to develop a synthetic picture of how the presence/absence of fish predators affects the scaling of food assimilation, fat content, metabolism, growth and reproduction in populations of Gammarus minus located in central Pennsylvania (USA). Our analysis reveals two major clusters of ‘symmorphic allometry’ (parallel scaling relationships) for traits related to somatic versus reproductive investment. In the presence of fish predators, the scaling exponents for somatic traits tend to decrease, whereas those for reproductive traits tend to increase. This divergence of scaling exponents reflects an intensified trade-off between somatic and reproductive investments resulting from low adult survival in the face of size-selective predation. Our results indicate the value of an integrated view of the ontogenetic size-specific energetics of organisms and its response to both top-down (predation) and bottom-up (resource supply) effects.

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