Novel method for shark age estimation using near infrared spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Rigby ◽  
B. B. Wedding ◽  
S. Grauf ◽  
C. A. Simpfendorfer
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Novel Method

Accurate age determination is an important component of assessing and managing fish populations, yet traditional ageing using growth bands is time-consuming and has limitations. In the present study, an alternative approach to shark age estimation using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was investigated using two species. The ages of Sphyrna mokarran and Carcharhinus sorrah vertebrae that had been traditionally aged and validated were successfully predicted up to 10 years of age using NIRS. The correlations between the known ages of the vertebrae and their near infrared spectra were strong, with R2 values of 0.89 and 0.84 for S. mokarran and C. sorrah respectively. The major advantage of the NIRS ageing approach was the rapid speed of age estimation, which could enable large numbers of sharks to be aged quickly. This would offer the fisheries management benefit of improving the reliability of age information for stock and risk assessments.

scholarly journals Near-infrared spectroscopy used to predict soybean seed germination and vigour

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maythem Al-Amery ◽  
Robert L. Geneve ◽  
Mauricio F. Sanches ◽  
Paul R. Armstrong ◽  
Elizabeth B. Maghirang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Qualitative Models

AbstractRapid, non-destructive methods for measuring seed germination and vigour are valuable. Standard germination and seed vigour were determined using 81 soybean seed lots. From these data, seed lots were separated into high and low germinating seed lots as well as high, medium and low vigour seed lots. Near-infrared spectra (950–1650 nm) were collected for training and validation samples for each seed category and used to create partial least squares (PLS) prediction models. For both germination and vigour, qualitative models provided better discrimination of high and low performing seed lots compared with quantitative models. The qualitative germination prediction models correctly identified low and high germination seed lots with an accuracy between 85.7 and 89.7%. For seed vigour, qualitative predictions for the 3-category (low, medium and high vigour) models could not adequately separate high and medium vigour seeds. However, the 2-category (low, medium plus high vigour) prediction models could correctly identify low vigour seed lots between 80 and 100% and the medium plus high vigour seed lots between 96.3 and 96.6%. To our knowledge, the current study is the first to provide near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based predictive models using agronomically meaningful cut-offs for standard germination and vigour on a commercial scale using over 80 seed lots.

Characterization of molecular orientation under tensile deformation by near infrared spectroscopy

e-Polymers ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Mizushima ◽  
Takanobu Kawamura ◽  
Kenji Takahashi ◽  
Koh-hei Nitta
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Orientation Function ◽  
Chain Axis ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Novel Method

AbstractWe present a novel method for characterizing orientation behavior of typical polyethylene (PE) materials such as HDPE, LLDPE, and LDPE. The chain orientation to the stretching direction was examined under uniaxial deformation by near infrared spectroscopy. Then we obtained directly the orientation function of PE chain axis (c-axis) from the CH stretching vibration of NIR spectra as a function of extension time or strain. We compared the present method with the conventional infrared IR method where the orientation function of PE c-axis (chain-axis) has been indirectly obtained from the b-and a-axis’s assuming the orthogonal crystal form by using the CH2 rocking vibrations in IR spectra

Fullerene Based Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Engineering, Functionalization and Characterization

2013 ◽  
Vol 633 ◽  
pp. 224-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidija Matija ◽  
Roumiana Tsenkova ◽  
Jelena Munćan ◽  
Mari Miyazaki ◽  
Kyoko Banba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cage Structure ◽  
Carbon Cage ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Medicine Analysis ◽  
New Skin

Since their discovery in 1985, fullerenes have attracted considerable attention. Their unique carbon cage structure provides numerous opportunities for functionalization, giving this nanomaterial great potential for applications in the field of medicine. Analysis of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of fullerenes and their derivatives showed promising results. In this study, functionalized fullerene based nanomaterials were characterized using near infrared spectroscopy, and a novel method - Aquaphotomics. These nanomaterials were then used for engineering a new skin cream formula for their application in cosmetics and medicine. In this paper, results of nanocream effects on the skin (using near infrared spectroscopy and aquaphotomics), and existing results of biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of fullerene base nanomaterials, are presented.

Design and characterization of protein films for modeling near-infrared spectra of human tissue

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
pp. 3981-3988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeewa R. Karunathilaka ◽  
Gary W. Small
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
Protein Films ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra

Films of keratin and collagen proteins are fabricated for use in implementing a laboratory simulation of noninvasive glucose measurements based on transmission near-infrared spectroscopy of human tissue.

A novel method for geographical origin identification ofTetrastigma hemsleyanum(Sanyeqing) by near-infrared spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (25) ◽  
pp. 2980-2988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqun Lin ◽  
Qinqin Chai ◽  
Wu Wang ◽  
Yurong Li ◽  
Bin Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Origin Identification

Tetrastigma hemsleyanumDiels et Gilg (T. hemsleyanum), also known as Sanyeqing in Chinese, is a rare medicinal herb.

Curve fitting in Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy used for the analysis of bacterial cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Krepelka ◽  
Iveta Hynstova ◽  
Roman Pytel ◽  
Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jean-Michel Roger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra

Infrared spectroscopy is a prominent molecular technique for bacterial analysis. Within its context, near infrared spectroscopy in particular brings benefits over other vibrational approaches; these advantages include, for example, lower sensitivity to water, high penetration depth and low cost. However, near infrared spectroscopy is not popular within microbiology, because the spectra of organic samples are difficult to interpret. We propose a comparison of spectral curve-fitting methods, namely, techniques that facilitate the interpretation of most peaks, simplify the spectra and improve the prediction of bacterial species from the relevant near infrared spectra. The performances of three common curve-fitting algorithms and the technique based on the differential evolution were compared via a synthesized experimental spectrum. Utilizing the obtained results, the spectra of three different bacterial species were curve fit by optimized algorithm. The proposed algorithm decomposed the spectra to specific absorption peaks, whose parameters were estimated via the differential evolution approach initialized through Levenberg-Marquardt optimization; subsequently, the spectra were classified with conventional procedures and using the parameters of the revealed peaks. On a limited data set, the correct classification rate computed by partial least squares discriminant analysis was 95%. When we employed the peak parameters for the classification, the rate corresponded to 91.7%. According to the Gaussian formula, the parameters comprise the spectral peak position, amplitude and width. The most important peaks for bacterial discrimination were identified by analysis of variance and interpreted as N–H stretching bonds in proteins, cis bonds and CH2 absorption in fatty acids. We examined some aspects of the behaviour of standard curve-fitting algorithms and proposed differential evolution to optimize the fitting process. Based on the correct use of these algorithms, the near infrared spectra of bacteria can be interpreted and the full potential of near infrared spectroscopy in microbiology exploited.

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