Quantitative genetic parameters for body traits at different ages in a cultured stock of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) selected for fast growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh Hung ◽  
Nguyen Hong Nguyen ◽  
David A. Hurwood ◽  
Peter B. Mather

The aim of the current study was to estimate heritabilities and correlations for body traits at different ages (Weeks 10 and 18 after stocking) in a giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) population selected for fast growth rate in Vietnam. The dataset consisted of 4650 body records (2432 and 2218 records collected at Weeks 10 and 18, respectively) in the full pedigree comprising a total of 18 387 records. Variance and covariance components were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood fitting a multi-trait animal model. Estimates of heritability for body traits (bodyweight, body length, cephalothorax length, abdominal length, cephalothorax width and abdominal width) were moderate and ranged from 0.06 to 0.11 and from 0.11 to 0.22 at Weeks 10 and 18, respectively. Body-trait heritabilities estimated at Week 10 were not significantly lower than at Week 18. Genetic correlations between body traits within age and genetic correlations for body traits between ages were generally high. Our results suggested that selection for high growth rate in GFP can be undertaken successfully before full market size has been reached.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Megawati Wijaya ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat ◽  
Imron

ABSTRACT One of the main problem in giant river prawn (GFP) culture is early gonadal maturation in female resulting a reduced growth performance. This problem cause economic losses. When GFP at gonadal maturation, somatic growth will be inhibited because energy is used for reproduction. A factorial experimental design using two factors, namely dopamine and medroxyprogesterone, with each factor consist of three levels was applied. Three dopamine levels were 0, 10-5 mol/shrimp, and 10-10 mol/shrimp, while the medroxyprogesterone levels were 0, 75 mg/1.5 mL/bodyweight, and 150 mg/3 mL/bodyweight with a density 15 individual/tank. The utilization of dopamine and medroxyprogesterone in GFP (initial bodyweight : 11.27 ± 0.97 g) through injection at the third periopod was done three times at week 0, 2nd, and 4th with two weeks interval. The results showed that hormone inhibitor treatments affected both growth and reproductive performances in female GFP. The treated individuals showed a lower gonadal maturity indicator values and faster growth rate than control. Gonadal maturity, as shown by gonad histology, in all treatments were lower (previtelogenic and vitellogenic stages) than that in control which is in mature stage. Estradiol concentration premix dopamine 10-10 mol/shrimp and medroxyprogesterone 150 mg/3 mL/bodyweight treatments are lower than control. In conclusion, dopamine and medroxyprogesterone administration could suppres GSI and gonad development, and also increase growth rate. Keywords: Macrobrachium rosenbergii, dopamine, medroxyprogesterone, gonad development, growth.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Fajar Anggraeni ◽  
Fajar Anggraeni ◽  
Desak Made Malini ◽  
Imron Imron

Salah satu permasalahan pada budidaya udang galah adalah keberadaan udang galah betina bertelur pada saat pembesaran. Penghambatan pema tangan gonad menggunakan hormon medroxyprogesterone acetat (MPA) yang diberikan secara injeksi pada udang galah dapat menekan indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), perkembangan gonad, dan meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan. Namun, pemberian MPA secara injeksi dapat meningkatkan stres dan kematian pada udang galah, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian hormon medroxy progesteron acetat melalui pakan terhadap performa reproduksi dan pertumbuhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental, desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan lima kali pengulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah kontrol (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 0 mg/kg pakan), P-1 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 50 mg/kg pakan), P-2 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan), dan P-3 (hormon MPA pada konsentrasi 150 mg/kg pakan) yang diberikan pada udang galah betina selama 60 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah kematangan gonad, egg clutch somatic index (ESI), fekunditas, kadar estradiol, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan sintasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian hormon MPA dengan konsentrasi 50, 100 dan 150 mg/kg pakan secara signifikan menghambat reproduksi dan pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan dapat meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan pada udang galah betina umur lima bulan. ESI, fekunditas dan tingkat sintasan tidak terpengaruh oleh perlakuan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian hormon medroxy progesteron acetat melalui pakan pada konsentrasi 100 mg/kg pakan secara signifikan dapat menghambat pematangan gonad dan peningkatan pertumbuhan udang galah betina.One of the problems in giant freshwater prawn farming is female prawns laying eggs during grow-out, leading to reduced somatic growth of the prawns. Inhibition of gonad maturation using medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) hormone via injection in giant freshwater prawns can suppress the gonad maturity index (GSI), gonad development, and increase the growth rate. However, the administration of MPA by injection could increase stress and mortality in giant freshwater prawns. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of MPA through dietary administration on the reproductive performance and growth of female giant freshwater prawns. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Treatments of MPA at concentrations of 0 mg/kg feed (as control), 50 mg/kg feed (P-1), 100 mg/kg feed (P-2), and 150 mg/kg feed (P-3) were supplemented in a commercial artificial feed and fed to the freshwater prawns for 60 days. Parameters of gonad maturation, egg clutch somatic index (ESI), fecundity, oestradiol concentration, specific growth rate, and survival rate were measured during the research period. The result showed that MPA administration at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg feed significantly inhibited gonad maturation, and at concentration 100 mg/kg feed increased growth of female giant freshwater prawn at five-month age. The ESI, fecundity and survival, however, were not affected by the treatment. This study concludes that the administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate hormone through feed significantly inhibited gonad maturation and increasedthe growth of female giant freshwater prawns.


Author(s):  
Satria Satria ◽  
Rice Novrizah

Wacana pakan bouyancy pada pemeliharaan larva udang galah muncul karena dugaan untuk meratakan keberadaan pakan di kolom air dan memudahkan larva dalam menangkap pakan sehingga meningkatkan keseragaman ukuran larva pada D10 keatas, menekan laju kanibalisme, mempercepat grow rate dan meningkatkan survival rate. Percobaan ini dilakukan di bak di dalam hapa mini berukuran 100x100x50 cm selama 30 hari; menggunakan larva udang galah D7. Kepadatan tebar 200-300 ekor/L. Pakan bouyancy diberikan 3 kali/hari dengan takaran antara 10-30% bobot biomassa. Percobaan diulang 2 kali. Kajian pemberian pakan bouyancy dilakukan menggunakan bahan pakan berupa susu 150 gr, terigu 150 gr, telur 8 butir, minyak cumi 10 gr, cumi-cumi 150 gr, yeast 5 gr vit C 0,5 gr dan pewarna makanan. Untuk mengoptimalkan daya apung ekstrusi pakan dilakukan secara sederhana dengan menggunakan mixer dan reaksi dari yeast dan gula menghasilkan gas ke pori-pori pakan. Beberapa parameter yang diamati sebagai bahan konsiderasi dari aspek biologis antara lain daya apung pakan, keseragaman ukuran larva, laju pertumbuhan, umur larva, survival rate dan laju konsumsi. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh daya apung pakan dikolom air bertahan paling lama satu jam. Keseragaman ukuran larva pada D10 keatas sebesar 70%, laju pertumbuhan tercepat diperoleh pada D14 dengan ukuran 10 mm (7%), umur larva yang tercepat masuk stadia Post Larva terjadi pada stadia D20 (5%) dan survival rate sebesar 40% yang dihasilkan selama masa pemeliharaan. Kata Kunci: Larva Udang Galah, Pakan Bouyancy dan Ekstrusi The discourse of bouyancy feed in the breeding of giant freshwater prawn larva appears to distribute evenly the feed in the water column and to ease the larva in catching the feed to improve uniformity of larva size from D10 to up, pressing its cannibalism, improving its grow rate and survival rate. This research was conducted in fairish micronet 100x100x50 cm for 30 days; using Larva Giant freshwater prawn larva (D7). The density of disperse was 200-300 larva/L. Bouyancy feed was given 3 times/day by measuring around 10-30% weight of biomass. It was repeated 2 times. Bouyancy feed was made of several materials, they are: 150 gr of milk, 150 gr of wheat, 8 pieces of egg, 10 ml of Squid oil, 150 gr Squid, 5 gr yeast, 0,5 gr of Vitamin C and food coloured. To optimize the exstrution of feed, it is conducted simply by using mixer and reaction of sugar and yeast yielded gas to pore the feed. Some parameters observed as biological aspects such as buoyancy feed, uniformity of larva size growth rate, age of larva, survival rate and consumption rate. The result showed that the buoyancy feed could survive for one hour. The uniformity of larva size at D10 to up was gained about 70%, the fastest growth rate was obtained at D14 at the size of 10 mm ( 7%), the fastest larvea age entering Post Larva stage occurred at stage D20 ( 5%). Survival rate gained during the treatment was 40%. Keywords: Giant freshwater prawn larva, bouyancy feed and ekstrution


2013 ◽  
Vol 740-742 ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
Kassem Alassaad ◽  
François Cauwet ◽  
Davy Carole ◽  
Véronique Soulière ◽  
Gabriel Ferro

Abstract. In this paper, conditions for obtaining high growth rate during epitaxial growth of SiC by vapor-liquid-solid mechanism are investigated. The alloys studied were Ge-Si, Al-Si and Al-Ge-Si with various compositions. Temperature was varied between 1100 and 1300°C and the carbon precursor was either propane or methane. The variation of layers thickness was studied at low and high precursor partial pressure. It was found that growth rates obtained with both methane and propane are rather similar at low precursor partial pressures. However, when using Ge based melts, the use of high propane flux leads to the formation of a SiC crust on top of the liquid, which limits the growth by VLS. But when methane is used, even at extremely high flux (up to 100 sccm), no crust could be detected on top of the liquid while the deposit thickness was still rather small (between 1.12 μm and 1.30 μm). When using Al-Si alloys, no crust was also observed under 100 sccm methane but the thickness was as high as 11.5 µm after 30 min growth. It is proposed that the upper limitation of VLS growth rate depends mainly on C solubility of the liquid phase.


Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e05898
Author(s):  
Tipsuda Thongbuakaew ◽  
Chanudporn Sumpownon ◽  
Attakorn Engsusophon ◽  
Napamanee Kornthong ◽  
Charoonroj Chotwiwatthanakun ◽  
...  

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Hang Zhuang ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Wen Xue ◽  
Liufu Wang ◽  
...  

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