Effects of drought and subtidal sea-level variability on salt intrusion in a coastal karst aquifer

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irany Vera ◽  
Ismael Mariño-Tapia ◽  
Cecilia Enriquez
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Salt Intrusion ◽  
Sea Level Variability ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Coastal Land Use ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Coastal Land

In many coastal regions, groundwater is the main water source for humans. However, because of population growth and sea-level rise, many coastal aquifers increasingly suffer from salt intrusion, especially in karstic areas where the high permeability and porosity of the rock favours salt penetration. We collected field data from a Mexican karst system to show that sea-level variability at low frequencies (subtidal) may induce salt penetration further inland and generate larger oscillations than those observed at tidal frequencies. Measurements of conductivity and pressure from inland wells (5 and 10 km) and from substantial (~1 m3 s–1) submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) at ~2-m depth entering a shallow ocean were analysed. We found that sea and piezometric levels co-oscillated at subtidal frequencies, with a correlation of 0.6 and a differential lag. Conductivity of the SGD resembled that of the aquifer. Intense droughts driven by the 2009 ‘El Niño’ event markedly increased the conductivity of the aquifer and its discharge. Our findings indicated that coastal land use and the consequences of climate change (i.e. sea-level rise and the alteration of rain patterns) on the Yucatan Penisula threaten water availability.

California’s coastal development: Sea-level rise and extreme events — where do we go from here?

Shore & Beach ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Griggs ◽  
Kiki Patsch
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Storm Wave ◽  
Coastal Land Use ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Coastal Land

As sea level continues to rise at an accelerated rate, California’s intensive coastal development and infrastructure is coming under an increasing threat. Whether lowelevation shoreline areas that are subject to flooding at extreme tides and times of storm wave run-up, or construction on eroding bluffs or cliffs, the risks will continue to increase from extreme events but, over the longer term, from continuing sea-level rise. Future sea-level rise values under different greenhouse gas scenarios have recently been projected and adopted by the state to be used in coastal land use planning and decision making. While beach nourishment can provide very short-term protection, and seawalls and revetments can provide somewhat longer-term protection, they both come with significant costs and also environmental impacts. The era of routine armor emplacement is coming to an end in California, and whether designated as relocation or managed retreat, now is the time to make the difficult decisions on how this will be accomplished and what the trigger points will be to initiate the response.

scholarly journals Deep learning of dynamic sea-level variability to investigate the relationship with the floods in Gothenburg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Memarian Sorkhabi
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Level Variability ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dynamic Sea Level ◽  
And Sea Level

Abstract It is important to study the relationship between floods and sea-level rise due to climate change. In this research, dynamic sea-level variability with deep learning has been investigated. In this research sea surface temperature (SST) from MODIS, wind speed, precipitation and sea-level rise from satellite altimetry investigated for dynamic sea-level variability. An annual increase of 0.1 ° C SST is observed around the Gutenberg coast. Also in the middle of the North Sea, an annual increase of about 0.2 ° C is evident. The annual sea surface height (SSH) trend is 3 mm on the Gothenburg coast. We have a strong positive spatial correlation of SST and SSH near the Gothenburg coast. In the next step dynamic sea-level variability is predicted with long short time memory. Root mean square error of wind speed, precipitation, and mean sea-level forecasts are 0.84 m/s, 48 mm and 2.4 mm. The annual trends resulting from 5-year periods, show a significant increase from 28 mm to 46 mm per year in the last 5 year periods. The rate of increase has doubled. The wavelet can be useful for detecting dynamic sea-level variability.

scholarly journals COASTAL VULNERABILITY PREDICTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: STUDY CASE IN CIREBON COASTAL LAND

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky Rositasari ◽  
Wahyu B. Setiawan ◽  
Indarto H. Supriadi ◽  
Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽  
Bayu Prayuda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salt Ponds ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Coastal Land

Coastal area is the most vulnerable area to climate change. Cirebon coastal land in Western Java, Indonesia is low-lying coastal area which is one of the potential areal for fish culture and farming. There are also major transportation facilities for western Java province to the whole area in the island (Java) through this area. As low-lying landscape, populated and developing city, Cirebon should be considered vulnerable to future sea level rise. Geomorphology, geo-electric and remote sensing study were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in coastal land of Cirebon. The result showed that most part of coastal area in Cirebon was eroded in various scales which vulnerable turn to worst. Sea water was penetrating throughout several kilometres inland. Valuation on various land-uses would project 1,295,071,755,150 rupiah/ha/year of loss while sea level were rose 0.8 meters that would inundate various land-uses i.e., Shrimp, fish and salt ponds, rice fields and settlement in the area.Keywords: vulnerability, coastal, climate change, sea level rise

scholarly journals COASTAL VULNERABILITY PREDICTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: STUDY CASE IN CIREBON COASTAL LAND

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky Rositasari ◽  
Wahyu B. Setiawan ◽  
Indarto H. Supriadi ◽  
Hasanuddin Hasanuddin ◽  
Bayu Prayuda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salt Ponds ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Coastal Land

<p>Coastal area is the most vulnerable area to climate change. Cirebon coastal land in Western Java, Indonesia is low-lying coastal area which is one of the potential areal for fish culture and farming. There are also major transportation facilities for western Java province to the whole area in the island (Java) through this area. As low-lying landscape, populated and developing city, Cirebon should be considered vulnerable to future sea level rise. Geomorphology, geo-electric and remote sensing study were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in coastal land of Cirebon. The result showed that most part of coastal area in Cirebon was eroded in various scales which vulnerable turn to worst. Sea water was penetrating throughout several kilometres inland. Valuation on various land-uses would project 1,295,071,755,150 rupiah/ha/year of loss while sea level were rose 0.8 meters that would inundate various land-uses i.e., Shrimp, fish and salt ponds, rice fields and settlement in the area.</p><p>Keywords: vulnerability, coastal, climate change, sea level rise</p>

Decadal Sea Level Variability in the South Pacific in a Global Eddy-Resolving Ocean Model Hindcast

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1731-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshi N. Sasaki ◽  
Shoshiro Minobe ◽  
Niklas Schneider ◽  
Takashi Kagimoto ◽  
Masami Nonaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
Sea Level Variability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Sea level variability and related oceanic changes in the South Pacific from 1970 to 2003 are investigated using a hindcast simulation of an eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model (OGCM) for the Earth Simulator (OFES), along with sea level data from tide gauges since 1970 and a satellite altimeter since 1992. The first empirical orthogonal function mode of sea level anomalies (SLAs) of OFES exhibits broad positive SLAs over the central and western South Pacific. The corresponding principal component indicates roughly stable high, low, and high SLAs, separated by a rapid sea level fall in the late 1970s and sea level rise in the late 1990s, consistent with tide gauge and satellite observations. These decadal changes are accompanied by circulation changes of the subtropical gyre at 1000-m depth, and changes of upper-ocean zonal current and eddy activity around the Tasman Front. In general agreement with previous related studies, it is found that sea level variations in the Tasman Sea can be explained by propagation of long baroclinic Rossby waves forced by wind stress curl anomalies, if the impact of New Zealand is taken into account. The corresponding atmospheric variations are associated with decadal variability of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Thus, decadal sea level variability in the western and central South Pacific in the past three and half decades and decadal ENSO variability are likely to be connected. The sea level rise in the 1990s, which attracted much attention in relation to the global warming, is likely associated with the decadal cooling in the tropical Pacific.

scholarly journals Sea Level Variability around Japan during the Twentieth Century Simulated by a Regional Ocean Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (14) ◽  
pp. 5585-5595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshi N. Sasaki ◽  
Ryosuke Washizu ◽  
Tamaki Yasuda ◽  
Shoshiro Minobe
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Freshwater Flux ◽  
Wind Stress Curl ◽  
Sea Level Variability ◽  
The North ◽  
Japanese Coast ◽  
Regional Ocean Model ◽  
Regional Sea Level

Sea level variability around Japan from 1906 to 2010 is examined using a regional ocean model, along with observational data and the CMIP5 historical simulations. The regional model reproduces observed interdecadal sea level variability, for example, high sea level around 1950, low sea level in the 1970s, and sea level rise during the most recent three decades, along the Japanese coast. Sensitivity runs reveal that the high sea level around 1950 was induced by the wind stress curl changes over the North Pacific, characterized by a weakening of the Aleutian low. In contrast, the recent sea level rise is primarily caused by heat and freshwater flux forcings. That the wind-induced sea level rise along the Japanese coast around 1950 is as large as the recent sea level rise highlights the importance of natural variability in understanding regional sea level change on interdecadal time scales.

scholarly journals Εκτίμηση της απώλειας παράκτιας γης λόγω της αναμενόμενης ανόδου της θαλάσσιας στάθμης στην παράκτια ζώνη Χαλκούτσι - Νέα Παλάτια (Νότιος Ευβοϊκός Κόλπος)

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Σ. Πούλος ◽  
Σ. Πετράκης ◽  
Δ. Καλύβα ◽  
Μ. Πουχαρίδου
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Average Wave ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Coastal Land

In the present study, the effect of the anticipated sea-level rise is investigated along the coastal zone extending in between Chalkoutsi and Nea Palatia that is located in southern coast of the semi-enclosed Southern Evoikos Gulf. The terrestrial part of the coastal zone consists of low-lying alluvial deposits, including the sensitive coastal environments of the delta of Asopos river and the Oropos lagoon located ~3 km to the east of the R. Asopos mouth. The area under investigation is already under erosion (locally, coastline retreat accounts for several metes) despite the fact that it is exposed to moderate wave conditions (average wave heights <1 m, with maximum values <2.7 m). The calcu-lated loss of coastal land, due to the anticipated sea-level rise of 0.38 m and 1 m, accounts 4-4.5 km2 and 21-23.5 km2, respectively.

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