Optimising sample volume and replicates using the Bou-Rouch method for the rapid assessment of hyporheic fauna

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kibichii ◽  
Jan-Robert Baars ◽  
Mary Kelly-Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Alluvial Groundwater ◽  
Optimum Sample ◽  
Flowing Stream

Despite the widespread use of the Bou-Rouch method in obtaining hyporheic samples in ecological studies, problems persist in comparing data because of differences in volume and number of samples taken in various studies. Towards standardising this method, we conducted a study in the Delour River, Ireland, between March and September 2006. The hyporheic habitat was divided into three lateral zones: the flowing stream (SS); the stream–terrestrial ecotone (EC); and the terrestrial margin (TM). Between 3 and 6 random insertions of the stand pipe were made into the hyporheic habitat at 0.2 m and 0.5 m in each zone. Ten consecutive 1-L samples were pumped at each point to determine an optimum sample volume and replicates needed to estimate taxon richness and abundance. The optimum sample combinations range between 6 and 15 3- to 10-L samples depending on depth and habitat zone. Our results show that both spatial and temporal scales are important factors in considering the optimum combinations of sample volume and number of independent spatial replicates needed to sample stream hyporheos, with the zone closer to the flowing stream requiring many small-volume samples whereas areas further away towards the alluvial groundwater need larger volumes with small numbers of replicates.

On the quantification of habitability: merging the astrobiological and ecological schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 412-415
Author(s):  
Lien Rodríguez-López ◽  
Rolando Cardenas ◽  
Oscar Parra ◽  
Lisdelys González-Rodríguez ◽  
Osmel Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Models ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
South Central

AbstractIn this paper, we connect ideas of the astrobiological and ecological schools to quantify habitability. We show how habitability indexes, devised using the astrobiologically inspired Quantitative Habitability Theory (QHT), can be embedded into ecological models of trophic levels. In particular, we address the problem of spatial-temporal scales. It turns out that the versatility of QHT allows to treat spatial and temporal scales typical of ecological studies. As a habitability index, we propose a new version of our Aquatic Primary Habitability, devised by some of us and formerly applied to saltwater ecosystems (both ocean and coastal) and now applied to freshwater. Although the aim of the paper is to outline the methodology rather than realism, initial steps for parameterization are considered for lakes of South-Central Chile.

Soil salinization monitoring method evolution at various spatial and temporal scales in arid context: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarai Besma ◽  
Walter Christian ◽  
Michot Didier ◽  
Montoroi Jean Pierre ◽  
Hachicha Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales

Challenges in urban flood management: travelling across spatial and temporal scales

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zevenbergen ◽  
W. Veerbeek ◽  
B. Gersonius ◽  
S. Van Herk
Keyword(s):  
Flood Management ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales

Characteristics of the east Mediterranean dust variability on small spatial and temporal scales

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval ◽  
Meytar Sorek–Hamer ◽  
Amnon Stupp ◽  
Pinhas Alpert ◽  
David M. Broday
Keyword(s):  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales

Preface: European lagoons—need for further comparison across spatial and temporal scales

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 611 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Razinkovas ◽  
Z. Gasiūnaitė ◽  
P. Viaroli ◽  
J. M. Zaldívar
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales

scholarly journals Impacts of beaver dams on hydrologic and temperature regimes in a mountain stream

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 3541-3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Majerova ◽  
B. T. Neilson ◽  
N. M. Schmadel ◽  
J. M. Wheaton ◽  
C. J. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Overland Flow ◽  
Stream Temperature ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Beaver Dam ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Continuous Stream ◽  
Beaver Dams

Abstract. Beaver dams affect hydrologic processes, channel complexity, and stream temperature in part by inundating riparian areas, influencing groundwater–surface water interactions, and changing fluvial processes within stream systems. We explored the impacts of beaver dams on hydrologic and temperature regimes at different spatial and temporal scales within a mountain stream in northern Utah over a 3-year period spanning pre- and post-beaver colonization. Using continuous stream discharge, stream temperature, synoptic tracer experiments, and groundwater elevation measurements, we documented pre-beaver conditions in the first year of the study. In the second year, we captured the initial effects of three beaver dams, while the third year included the effects of ten dams. After beaver colonization, reach-scale (~ 750 m in length) discharge observations showed a shift from slightly losing to gaining. However, at the smaller sub-reach scale (ranging from 56 to 185 m in length), the discharge gains and losses increased in variability due to more complex flow pathways with beaver dams forcing overland flow, increasing surface and subsurface storage, and increasing groundwater elevations. At the reach scale, temperatures were found to increase by 0.38 °C (3.8 %), which in part is explained by a 230 % increase in mean reach residence time. At the smallest, beaver dam scale (including upstream ponded area, beaver dam structure, and immediate downstream section), there were notable increases in the thermal heterogeneity where warmer and cooler niches were created. Through the quantification of hydrologic and thermal changes at different spatial and temporal scales, we document increased variability during post-beaver colonization and highlight the need to understand the impacts of beaver dams on stream ecosystems and their potential role in stream restoration.

scholarly journals An open source database for the synthesis of soil radiocarbon data: ISRaD version 1.0

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey R. Lawrence ◽  
Jeffery Beem-Miller ◽  
Alison M. Hoyt ◽  
Grey Monroe ◽  
Carlos A. Sierra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Original Data ◽  
R Package ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Radiocarbon Data

Abstract. Radiocarbon is a critical constraint on our estimates of the timescales of soil carbon cycling that can aid in identifying mechanisms of carbon stabilization and destabilization, and improve forecast of soil carbon response to management or environmental change. Despite the wealth of soil radiocarbon data that has been reported over the past 75 years, the ability to apply these data to global scale questions is limited by our capacity to synthesis and compare measurements generated using a variety of methods. Here we describe the International Soil Radiocarbon Database (ISRaD, soilradiocarbon.org), an open-source archive of soils data that include data from bulk soils, or whole-soils; distinct soil carbon pools isolated in the laboratory by a variety of soil fractionation methods; samples of soil gas or water collected interstitially from within an intact soil profile; CO2 gas isolated from laboratory soil incubations; and fluxes collected in situ from a soil surface. The core of ISRaD is a relational database structured around individual datasets (entries) and organized hierarchically to report soil radiocarbon data, measured at different physical and temporal scales, as well as other soil or environmental properties that may also be measured at one or more levels of the hierarchy that may assist with interpretation and context. Anyone may contribute their own data to the database by entering it into the ISRaD template and subjecting it to quality assurance protocols. ISRaD can be accessed through: (1) a web-based interface, (2) an R package (ISRaD), or (3) direct access to code and data through the GitHub repository, which hosts both code and data. The design of ISRaD allows for participants to become directly involved in the management, design, and application of ISRaD data. The synthesized dataset is available in two forms: the original data as reported by the authors of the datasets; and an enhanced dataset that includes ancillary geospatial data calculated within the ISRaD framework. ISRaD also provides data management tools in the ISRaD-R package that provide a starting point for data analysis. This community-based dataset and platform for soil radiocarbon and a wide array of additional soils data information in soils where data are easy to contribute and the community is invited to add tools and ideas for improvement. As a whole, ISRaD provides resources that can aid our evaluation of soil dynamics and improve our understanding of controls on soil carbon dynamics across a range of spatial and temporal scales. The ISRaD v1.0 dataset (Lawrence et al., 2019) is archived and freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2613911.

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