Diel changes of inorganic chemistry in a macrophyte-dominated, softwater stream

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Wilcock ◽  
Steven C. Chapra
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Solubility Product ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Diel Cycles ◽  
Early Evening ◽  
Diel Variations ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Diel Fluctuations ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration

Diel fluctuations of conductivity and alkalinity were measured in a macrophyte-dominated stretch of the Piako River, a rural, lowland, softwater stream in New Zealand. Both quantities exhibited elevated levels at dawn and depressed levels in the early evening suggesting that the variations might be connected with the diel cycles of macrophyte photosynthesis and respiration. A chemical analysis was used to determine which ions induced the diel variations. For low-flow periods with minimal allochthonous inputs, the changes in conductivity were correlated with calcium, magnesium and the ionised components of total inorganic carbon (bicarbonate, HCO3–, and carbonate, CO32–). The changes in alkalinity were correlated with fluctuations of calcium and magnesium. The latter result was not anticipated based on solubility product calculations. Diel cycles of groundwater inputs explained 60% of average conductivity variations and 30% of average alkalinity variations between dusk and dawn. Other mechanisms also contribute to the observed changes and we speculate that localised calcite production and dissolution may be occurring.

scholarly journals Carbonate system distribution, anthropogenic carbon and acidification in the western tropical South Pacific (OUTPACE 2015 transect)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 5221-5236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibaut Wagener ◽  
Nicolas Metzl ◽  
Mathieu Caffin ◽  
Jonathan Fin ◽  
Sandra Helias Nunige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Anthropogenic Carbon ◽  
Subsurface Waters ◽  
Derived Properties ◽  
Intermediate Waters ◽  
South Pacific Gyre

Abstract. The western tropical South Pacific was sampled along a longitudinal 4000 km transect (OUTPACE cruise, 18 February, 3 April 2015) for the measurement of carbonate parameters (total alkalinity and total inorganic carbon) between the Melanesian Archipelago (MA) and the western part of the South Pacific gyre (WGY). This paper reports this new dataset and derived properties: pH on the total scale (pHT) and the CaCO3 saturation state with respect to aragonite (Ωara). We also estimate anthropogenic carbon (CANT) distribution in the water column using the TrOCA method (Tracer combining Oxygen, inorganic Carbon and total Alkalinity). Along the OUTPACE transect a deeper penetration of CANT in the intermediate waters was observed in the MA, whereas highest CANT concentrations were detected in the subsurface waters of the WGY. By combining our OUTPACE dataset with data available in GLODAPv2 (1974–2009), temporal changes in oceanic inorganic carbon were evaluated. An increase of 1.3 to 1.6 µmol kg−1 a−1 for total inorganic carbon in the upper thermocline waters is estimated, whereas CANT increases by 1.1 to 1.2 µmol kg−1 a−1. In the MA intermediate waters (27 kg m−3 <σθ<27.2 kg m−3) an increase of 0.4 µmol kg−1 a−1 CANT is detected. Our results suggest a clear progression of ocean acidification in the western tropical South Pacific with a decrease in the oceanic pHT of up to −0.0027 a−1 and a shoaling of the saturation depth for aragonite of up to 200 m since the pre-industrial period.

Diel and Annual Cycles of Net Plankton Photosynthesis in Lake Ontario

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1779-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Static Water ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Diel Fluctuations ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration ◽  
Net Phytoplankton

Photosynthesis measurements on net plankton have been carried out for the period April, 1972 to January, 1973 in Lake Ontario. The rising and falling light regimes used on the net phytoplankton (> 64 μ) give marked photosynthetic hysteresis effects in winter and in spring for diatom-dominated populations. Diel fluctuations in photosynthesis and "sun" or "shade" adaptations showed a close interaction between the phytoplankton and the surface light intensity. Systematic seasonal changes have been recorded in the magnitude of the photosynthetic hysteresis effect, saturation light intensities, compensation points, maximum photosynthesis, and respiration rates. An inverse correlation has been found between net plankton mean maximum photosynthesis rates and the rate of change of water temperature. Also phytoplankton respiration rate is largely a function of temperature.The data have been unified to give a picture of daily photosynthesis patterns at different depths in a static water column. The data compare well with 14C moored bottle experiments. Predictive equations have been calculated for maximum photosynthesis rates at different times of the year.

Methane, ethane and total inorganic carbon in fluid samples taken during the 1989 Kaiko-Nankai project

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshitaka Gamo ◽  
Hitoshi Sakai ◽  
Jun-ichiro Ishibashi ◽  
Kiminori Shitashima ◽  
Jacques Boulègue
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon

scholarly journals Achieving High Time-Resolution with a New Flow-through Type Analyzer for Total Inorganic Carbon in Seawater.

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideshi KIMOTO ◽  
Ken NOZAKI ◽  
Setsuko KUDO ◽  
Ken KATO ◽  
Akira NEGISHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
High Time ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Flow Through

scholarly journals Methodology for Studying Oxidation of Organic Species in Solution

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M Grimes ◽  
Helen C Ngwang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Photocatalytic Decomposition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Organic Species ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A photoreactor was developed to study products of photochemical oxidation in a wide range of organic compounds. Analysis of the products from the reactor were used to determine the extent of mineralization of the organic material, to characterize any intermediate compounds formed, and to obtain information on the decomposition mechanism. Appropriate methods for separation and characterization include LC, UV spectrophotometry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, total organic carbon, and total inorganic carbon. The uses of the reactor are described for the photocatalytic decomposition of phenol and of its major decomposition intermediates 1,2- and 1,4-dihydroxybenzene.

14C and 10Be in Dust Deposited During the Storm of 16–17 April 2006 in Beijing

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1790-1800
Author(s):  
C D Shen ◽  
W X Yi ◽  
P Ding ◽  
K X Liu ◽  
X M Xu
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
C Value ◽  
Dust Surface

The concentrations of 10Be and 14C and values of δ13C in samples collected during a major dust storm in Beijing on 16–17 April 2006 were studied. The 10Be concentrations ranged from 1.69 × 108 to 2.07 × 108 atom/g, 14C ages for black carbon (BC) ranged from 3001 to 5181 yr BP and for total inorganic carbon (TIC) from 8464 to 9119 yr BP, and δ13C values for BC ranged from -23.15% to -23.80% and for TIC from -5.39% to -5.98%. A comparison of BC content and δ13C value between the dust, surface soil in the dust source region, and aerosols in Beijing indicated that BC in the dust deposited in Beijing is significantly incorporated by aerosol BC during the dust transportation. Based on the 14C ages of BC, the proportion of fossil-fuel-derived BC was 0.35–0.49 of the total. In contrast to BC, the TIC deposited in Beijing can be firmly related to the source area and δ13C was not significantly modified during its transportation. According to the 14C ages of TIC, the proportion of the secondary carbonate in the dust was from 0.63 to 0.70. The results confirm that 14C of TIC is another useful tracer to indicate the source region of dust besides the content and δ13C value of TIC from the arid and semi-arid regions of China.

scholarly journals Global relationships of total inorganic carbon with temperature and nitrate in surface seawater

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitack Lee ◽  
Rik Wanninkhof ◽  
Richard A. Feely ◽  
Frank J. Millero ◽  
Tsung-Hung Peng
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Total Inorganic Carbon
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