Analysis of sportfishing catch rates of striped marlin (Tetrapturus audax) at Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, Mexico, and their relation to sea surface temperature

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofía Ortega-García ◽  
Alexander Klett-Traulsen ◽  
German Ponce-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Catch Rate ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Catch Rates

Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, Mexico, is the main sportfishing location for striped marlin, with a mean annual catch rate of 0.6 fish per fishing trip. In the present study, the interannual and seasonal variation of sportfishing catch rates from 1990 to 1999, and their relationship to mean monthly sea surface temperatures were analysed. Although interannual variation was not significant, the seasonal effect showed significant differences, with highest average catch rates in winter, and lowest catch rates in summer (0.9 and 0.3 respectively). An interannual significant difference with a decreasing tendency was in length analysis. Significant length and weight differences were found between males and females. Among females, the heaviest fish were recorded during spring. A significant relationship between catch rate and sea surface temperature (r = –0.62) was found, but no significant changes of catch rates could be measured during the 1992–1993 and 1997–1998 El Niño Southern Oscillation events, in spite of an apparent catch rate increase during the spring of 1998. Highest catch rates were recorded at between 22 and 24°C.

scholarly journals Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies off Baja California: A Possible Precursor of ENSO

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1529-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Feng ◽  
Zhaohua Wu ◽  
Xiaolei Zou
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Enso Event ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
Enso Events ◽  
Warm Event ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

Abstract Many recent studies have shown that observed El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are spatially and temporally diverse and that they have undergone changes in characteristics. To quantitatively capture these features, multidimensional ensemble empirical mode decomposition (MEEMD) is employed to isolate the temporal–spatial evolution of the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) on naturally separated time scales. An alternative Niño-3.4 index is also defined to reflect more on the interannual variability of equatorial Pacific SSTAs. Using this alternative index, 27 ENSO warm events are identified and the spatial–temporal evolution of each event is examined. It is found that a patch of SSTAs off Baja California appears to extend southwestward and reach the equatorial region near the international date line in about 1 year. This warm signal then amplifies and extends eastward, developing into an ENSO warm event. This type of development has been dominant in recent decades. For this type of ENSO warm event, it appears that SSTAs off Baja California are instrumental to ENSO development, possibly serving as a precursor of an ENSO event.

scholarly journals Interannual Variability and Trends in Sea Surface Temperature, Lower and Middle Atmosphere Temperature at Different Latitudes for 1980–2019

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Jakovlev ◽  
Sergei P. Smyshlyaev ◽  
Vener Y. Galin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Impact

The influence of sea-surface temperature (SST) on the lower troposphere and lower stratosphere temperature in the tropical, middle, and polar latitudes is studied for 1980–2019 based on the MERRA2, ERA5, and Met Office reanalysis data, and numerical modeling with a chemistry-climate model (CCM) of the lower and middle atmosphere. The variability of SST is analyzed according to Met Office and ERA5 data, while the variability of atmospheric temperature is investigated according to MERRA2 and ERA5 data. Analysis of sea surface temperature trends based on reanalysis data revealed that a significant positive SST trend of about 0.1 degrees per decade is observed over the globe. In the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the trend (about 0.2 degrees per decade) is 2 times higher than the global average, and 5 times higher than in the Southern Hemisphere (about 0.04 degrees per decade). At polar latitudes, opposite SST trends are observed in the Arctic (positive) and Antarctic (negative). The impact of the El Niño Southern Oscillation phenomenon on the temperature of the lower and middle atmosphere in the middle and polar latitudes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is discussed. To assess the relative influence of SST, CO2, and other greenhouse gases’ variability on the temperature of the lower troposphere and lower stratosphere, numerical calculations with a CCM were performed for several scenarios of accounting for the SST and carbon dioxide variability. The results of numerical experiments with a CCM demonstrated that the influence of SST prevails in the troposphere, while for the stratosphere, an increase in the CO2 content plays the most important role.

Humboldt penguins outmanoeuvring El Nino

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (15) ◽  
pp. 2311-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Culik ◽  
J. Hennicke ◽  
T. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Dive Duration ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Day Length

We satellite-tracked five Humboldt penguins during the strong 1997/98 El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) from their breeding island Pan de Azucar (26 degrees 09′S, 70 degrees 40′W) in Northern Chile and related their activities at sea to satellite-derived information on sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA), wind direction and speed, chlorophyll a concentrations and statistical data on fishery landings. We found that Humboldt penguins migrated by up to 895 km as marine productivity decreased. The total daily dive duration was highly correlated with SSTA, ranging from 3.1 to 12.5 h when the water was at its warmest (+4 degrees C). Birds travelled between 2 and 116 km every day, travelling further when SSTA was highest. Diving depths (maximum 54 m), however, were not increased with respect to previous years. Two penguins migrated south and, independently of each other, located an area of high chlorophyll a concentration 150 km off the coast. Humboldt penguins seem to use day length, temperature gradients, wind direction and olfaction to adapt to changing environmental conditions and to find suitable feeding grounds. This makes Humboldt penguins biological in situ detectors of highly productive marine areas, with a potential use in the verification of trends detected by remote sensors on board satellites.

scholarly journals Tropical and Extratropical predictions of the summer and autumn Niño3.4 Index: a comparison

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Miguel Tasambay-Salazar ◽  
María José OrtizBeviá ◽  
Antonio RuizdeElvira ◽  
Francisco José Alvarez-García
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Convergence Zone ◽  
The World

Abstract. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is the main source of the predictability skill in many regions of the world for seasonal and interannual timescales. Longer lead predictability experiments of Niño3.4 Index using simple statistical linear models have shown an important skill loss at longer lead times when the targeted season is summer or autumn. We develop different versions of the model substituting some its variables with others that contain tropical or extratropical information, produce a number of hindcasts with these models using two different predictions schemes and cross validate them. We have identified different sets of tropical or extratropical predictors, which can provide useful values of potential skill. We try to find out the sources of the predictability by comparing the sea surface temperature (SST) and heat content (HC) anomalous fields produced by the successful predictors for the 1980–2012 period. We observe that where tropical predictors are used the prediction reproduces only the equatorial characteristics of the warming (cooling). However, where extratropical predictors are included, the predictions are able to simulate the absorbed warming in the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ).

scholarly journals COASTAL SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE RECORDS ALONG THE BAJA CALIFORNIA PENINSULA

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
M. T. Sicard -González ◽  
M. A. Tripp -Valdéz ◽  
L. Ocampo ◽  
A. N. Maeda -Martínez ◽  
S. E. Lluch -Cota
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Baja California Peninsula ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Temperature Records

Registros costeros de temperatura superficial del mar en la Península de Baja California El análisis de series ambientales de temperatura de alta resolución temporal en las zonas costeras permitirá caracterizar mejor las formas y escalas de variación. Las bases de datos disponibles actualmente carecen de suficiente resolución para detectar variaciones ambientales a escalas de horas y días. En este trabajo damos a conocer una colección de registros de alta frecuencia de diversos sitios a lo largo de las costas de la Península de Baja California. Hasta el momento se tienen 47 sitios; sin embargo, esta red de monitoreo pretende expandirse con el objetivo de generar bases de datos de acceso público y gratuito, proporcionando una valiosa herramienta no solo para la investigación, sino también para aplicaciones como la producción acuícola.

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