Does nitrogen limit the growth of native eucalypt forests:some observations for mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans)

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Attiwill ◽  
P. M. Attiwill ◽  
B. M. May ◽  
B. M. May
Keyword(s):  
N Availability ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Biological Fixation ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Mountain Ash

It is often stated that the availability of N limits the rate of growth of native forests. We discuss this hypothesis with particular reference to the mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of south-eastern Australia. The abundance of 15 N in leaves and soil of mountain ash forest is in accord with data for Northern Hemisphere temperate forests and for tropical forests,and indicates that N availability is relatively high.None of the nutrient elements has limited the rate of growth of mountain ash forest regenerating after major disturbance (clear-felling and intense wild-fire). There is some evidence that P may be limiting to some ecological processes (e.g. the rate of litter decomposition). We conclude that phosphorus is more likely to be limiting than nitrogen in mountain ash forest because nitrogen cycling is conservative and continual inputs of N through biological fixation supplement this conservative N supply, and the stands never become N-deficient. The development of methodologies to determine the rate of N2-fixation in forests should be of high priority in ecological research.

Use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae : Marsupialia). IV. Transitions between den trees

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Welsh ◽  
D. B. Lindenmayer ◽  
C. F. Donnelly ◽  
A. Ruckstuhl
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Models ◽  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Individual Based Simulation ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Statistical models of the patterns of den-tree choice by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) at Cambarville in the mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia are presented. These models enable us to predict, for a particular possum, the choice of den tree on the basis of patterns of recent den-tree usage and are required for individual-based simulation studies. The models show that the pattern of den-tree use is more complicated than might have been expected, in the sense that it is animal-specific, and that old animals exhibit more complicated patterns of den-tree choice than young ones.

The use of nest trees by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) (Phalangeridae : Marsupialia). V. Synthesis of studies

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Lindenmayer ◽  
A. Welsh ◽  
C. F. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Brushtail Possum ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
General Synthesis ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A general synthesis is presented of the key results of a series of studies of den tree use by the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) at Cambarville in the mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia. The project produced a range of unexpected results including (1) the number of den trees used, (2) the extent of den sharing, especially among adult males, (3) the overlap in denning ranges of animals, and (4) the predictability of transitions between den trees. Possible reasons for these findings are outlined. We also discuss the limitations of our study, how it could be improved if it were to be repeated, and some of the important implications of the findings for the management of forests where T. caninus occurs.

Use of Den Trees by Leadbeater's Possum (Gymnobelideus Leadbeateri)

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
DB Lindenmayer ◽  
RA Meggs
Keyword(s):  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Breeding Female ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Leadbeater's Possum ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The results of a radio-tracking study of the uses of den trees by Leadbeater's possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy) at Cambarville in the mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of the Central Highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia, are described. Animals were radio-tracked for three periods of 5-20 days in July 1990, November 1990 and July 1991. A total of 14 individuals was tracked and they occupied 11 different trees with hollows on the 10-ha study site. Preliminary findings showed that some animals moved between hollows in different trees, and most animals used two or more trees. The distances between utilised trees usually exceeded 50 m. Possible reasons for the den-swapping behaviour include attempts to either or both relieve burdens of ecto-parasites and to reduce the risk of predation. There were several examples, in each of the three radio-tracking periods, of two or more radio-collared adult breeding female animals simultaneously co-occupying the same nest tree. This result was different from some of the general findings of an earlier study of G. leadbeateri at Cambarville.

scholarly journals Microstructural and physiological responses to cadmium stress under different nitrogen levels in Populus cathayana females and males

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Liu ◽  
Jingwen Bi ◽  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Jieyu Kang ◽  
Helena Korpelainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Cd Stress ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
N Deficiency ◽  
Cellular Compartments ◽  
Cd Translocation

Abstract Although increasing attention has been paid to the relationships between heavy metal and nitrogen (N) availability, the mechanism underlying adaptation to cadmium (Cd) stress in dioecious plants has been largely overlooked. This study examined Cd accumulation, translocation and allocation among tissues and cellular compartments in Populus cathayana Rehder females and males. Both leaf Cd accumulation and root-to-shoot Cd translocation were significantly greater in females than in males under a normal N supply, but they were reduced in females and enhanced in males under N deficiency. The genes related to Cd uptake and translocation, HMA2, YSL2 and ZIP2, were strongly induced by Cd stress in female roots and in males under a normal N supply. Cadmium largely accumulated in the leaf blades of females and in the leaf veins of males under a normal N supply, while the contrary was true under N deficiency. Furthermore, Cd was mainly distributed in the leaf epidermis and spongy tissues of males, and in the leaf palisade tissues of females. Nitrogen deficiency increased Cd allocation to the spongy tissues of female leaves and to the palisade tissues of males. In roots, Cd was preferentially distributed to the epidermis and cortices in both sexes, and also to the vascular tissues of females under a normal N supply but not under N deficiency. These results suggested that males possess better Cd tolerance compared with females, even under N deficiency, which is associated with their reduced root-to-shoot Cd translocation, specific Cd distribution in organic and/or cellular compartments, and enhanced antioxidation and ion homeostasis. Our study also provides new insights into engineering woody plants for phytoremediation.

Economics of a nest-box program for the conservation of an endangered species: a reappraisal

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1992-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A Spring ◽  
Michael Bevers ◽  
John OS Kennedy ◽  
Dan Harley
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Population Recovery ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Local Abundance ◽  
Leadbeater's Possum

An optimization model is developed to identify timing and placement strategies for the installation of nest boxes and the harvesting of timber to meet joint timber–wildlife objectives. Optimal management regimes are determined on the basis of their impacts on the local abundance of a threatened species and net present value (NPV) and are identified for a range of NPV levels to identify production possibility frontiers for abundance and NPV. We apply the model to a case study focusing on an area of commercially productive mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell.) forest in the Central Highlands region of Victoria, Australia. The species to be conserved is Leadbeater's possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy), which is locally limited by a scarcity of nesting hollows. The modeling is exploratory but indicates that nest boxes may offer a promising population recovery tool if consideration is taken of their placement and areal extent through time.

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