scholarly journals Neisseria gonorrhoeae NAAT ? a problem down under

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
David M. Whiley ◽  
John W. Tapsall ◽  
Michael D. Nissen ◽  
Theo P. Sloots
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Viable Organism

Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are used worldwide for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, either in conjunction with or in place of traditional bacterial culture techniques. There are numerous advantages of gonococcal NAATs, including increased sensitivity, that a viable organism is not needed for detection, and they can be used effectively on non-invasive specimens such as urine and self-collected specimens. For these reasons, NAATs have been particularly useful for patients in remote regions of Australia where sexual health services may not be available and where religious or cultural restrictions otherwise restrict opportunities for specimen collection. Australian studies have been at the forefront of investigating the use of self-collected NAAT specimens and particularly successful at introducing the use of tampon self-collected specimens in remote populations of Indigenous Australians.

scholarly journals Molecular screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance markers in Nigerian men who have sex with men and transgender women

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 1273-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Hardick ◽  
Trevor A Crowell ◽  
Kara Lombardi ◽  
Akindiran Akintunde ◽  
Sunday Odeyemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Nigerian Men ◽  
Resistance Markers ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Viable Organism ◽  
Transport Buffer

Antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is a global public health issue that threatens effectiveness of current treatments of NG. Increased use of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) in lieu of cultures makes obtaining clinical isolates for susceptibility testing difficult and samples collected in commercial transport buffer for NAATs do not preserve viable organism, while molecular methods of assessing antibiotic susceptibility do not require viable organism. We evaluated 243 NG-positive samples in Aptima transport media including urine, oral, and rectal swabs from Nigerian men who have sex with men for markers to penicillinase-producing NG, ciprofloxacin ( GyrA and ParC mutations), and extended spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs, PenA mosaic [allele X], PonA, mtrR, PorB mutations) by real-time PCR. NG DNA was recovered in 75% (183/243) of samples. Of these, 93% (171/183) were positive for at least one resistance marker. We observed a prevalence of dual resistance markers to penicillin and ciprofloxacin at 46.2% (79/171). Six percent of samples (10/171) tested positive for the PenA mosaic (allele X) ESC marker. These data indicate that antibiotic-resistant NG is common in Nigeria. Laboratory and clinical capacity building in Nigeria should include development of methods to culture NG and determine antimicrobial susceptibility.

69. LABORATORY CONTRIBUTION FOR CONTROL OF CHLAMYDIA

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
S. Tabrizi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Epidemiology And Public Health

Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis may present a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms in patients. Diagnosis based on presenting symptoms however may be of limited value in asymptomatic patients. Therefore, laboratory tests are utilized; in particular nucleic acid amplification technology (NAAT) based assays. In the recent years, NAAT testing has improved diagnosis of chlamydia to a great degree. The increased sensitivity of NAAT assays has also allowed for better detection of chlamydia in extragenital samples, diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum and has made the use of non-invasive self-collected samples possible. Chlamydia genotyping and sequence based comparisons are also increasingly being used in investigation of types present in the population as well as providing possibility of differentiating a new infection from re-infection. Such methods continue to play a major role not only in patient diagnosis but also in epidemiology and public health.

Confirmatory testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a sexual health clinic: implications for epidemiology and treatment policy

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054525
Author(s):  
Myrte Tielemans ◽  
Mireille van Westreenen ◽  
Corné Klaassen ◽  
Hannelore M Götz
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Testing ◽  
European Guidelines

ObjectivesEuropean guidelines advise the use of dual nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) in order to minimise the inappropriate diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) in urogenital samples from low prevalence areas and in extragenital specimens. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the effect of confirmatory testing and confirmation policy on the Ng-positivity in a population visiting the sexual health clinic in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.MethodsApart from urogenital testing, extragenital (oropharyngeal/anorectal) testing was performed for men who have sex with men (MSM) and according to sexual exposure for women and heterosexual men. Ng detection using NAAT was performed using BD Viper and for confirmatory testing BD MAX. Sexual transmitted infection consultation data were merged with diagnostic data from August 2015 through May 2016.ResultsIn women (n=4175), oral testing was performed in 84% and 22% were tested anally. In MSM (n=1828), these percentages were 97% and 96%, respectively. Heterosexual men (n=3089) were tested urogenitally. After confirmatory testing, oropharyngeal positivity rates decreased from 7.3% (95% CI 6.5 to 8.2) to 1.5% (95% CI 1.1 to 1.8) in women and from 13.9% (95% CI 12.3 to 15.5) to 5.4% (95% CI 4.3 to 6.4) in MSM. Anorectal positivity rates decreased from 2.6% (95% CI 1.6 to 3.7) to 1.8% (95% CI 0.9 to 2.6) in women and from 9.3% (95% CI 7.9 to 10.7) to 7.2% (95% CI 6.0 to 8.5) in MSM. Urogenital Ng-positivity rate ranged between 3.0% and 4.4% and after confirmation between 2.3% and 3.9%. When confirming oropharyngeal samples, Ng-positivity was 3.8% in women, 3.0% in heterosexual men and 12.5% in MSM. Additional confirmation of urogenital and anorectal samples led to 3.0% Ng positivity in women, 2.7% in heterosexual men and 11.4% in MSM.ConclusionsConfirmation of urogenital and anorectal samples reduced the Ng-positivity rates, especially for women. However, as there is no gold standard for the confirmation of Ng infection, the dilemma within public health settings is to choose between two evils: missing diagnoses or overtreatment. In view of the large decrease in oropharyngeal positivity, confirmation Ng-positivity in oropharyngeal samples remains essential to avoid unnecessary treatment.

Diagnostic tests for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in rectal and pharyngeal specimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Adamson ◽  
Jeffrey D. Klausner
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Point Of Care Test ◽  
Control And Prevention

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are two of the most often reported bacterial infections in the United States. The rectum and oropharynx are important anatomic sites of infection and can contribute to ongoing transmission. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are the mainstays for the detection of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections owing to their high sensitivity and specificity. Several NAATs have been evaluated for testing in rectal and pharyngeal infections. A few assays recently received clearance by the Food and Drug Administration, including one point-of-care test. Those assays can be used for testing in symptomatic individuals, as well as for asymptomatic screening in certain patient populations. Routine screening for C. trachomatis in pharyngeal specimens is not recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, though is often performed due to the use of multiplex assays. While expanding the types of settings for screening and using self-collected rectal and pharyngeal specimens can help to increase access and uptake of testing, additional research is needed to determine the potential benefits and costs associated with increased screening for rectal and pharyngeal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections on a population level.

scholarly journals Evaluating the bacterial culture technique by Polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of Brucella abortus in milk of cows suspected with brucellosis.

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Bashar Sadeq Noomy
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Test

      The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of bacterial culture technique in the detection of Brucella abortus in milk samples of aborted cows. Sixty samples of milk were collected from aborted cows during a period which did not exceed two months after the abortion. All of them were positive for rose bengal test. Results showed that Brucella abortus was isolated from 7 out of 60 (11.6%) from the milk of aborted cows, while PCR test showed that 32 out of 60 (53.3%) milk sample contained Brucella abortus. The specificity of culture techniques was 10%, but its sensitivity was only 21.8%. Beside the cautions in dealing with live Brucella abortus (as culture), it is also less sensitive than PCR, though it is better to use PCR technique in the diagnosis of brucellosis in aborted cows milk.

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