A new family and two new genera of calcaxonian octocoral, including a redescription of Pleurogorgia militaris (Cnidaria:Octocorallia:Chrysogorgiidae) and its placement in a new genus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Cairns ◽  
Ralf T. S. Cordeiro ◽  
Yu Xu ◽  
Zifeng Zhan ◽  
Philip Alderslade
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Golden corals (chrysogorgiids sensu lato) are conspicuous components in deep-sea gorgonian assemblages. Although common, their taxonomy still conflicts with evolutionary histories, mostly due to low character availability and poor taxonomic knowledge. This is the case for the genus Pleurogorgia, which has been frequently reported in ROV surveys, dominating hard-bottoms throughout the Indo-Pacific. Herein, molecular phylogenetic reconstructions based on mitochondrial and nuclear datasets, and examination of new and old type material led us to suggest new systematic arrangements for some of the genera. We create a new genus, Ramuligorgia, to accommodate Pleurogorgia militaris, redescribing it as Ramuligorgia militaris comb. nov. within the family Chrysogorgiidae sensu stricto. Additionally, we describe Aurogorgia tasmaniensis gen. nov. et sp. nov., including it and the type species, Pleurogorgia plana, within Pleurogorgiidae fam. nov.

Mesoparasitic copepods (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) associated with polychaete worms in European seas

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4579 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
GEOFF A. BOXSHALL ◽  
MYLES O’REILLY ◽  
ANDREY SIKORSKI ◽  
REBECCA SUMMERFIELD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Host Record ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Host Records

A large collection of mesoparasitic copepods from polychaete hosts collected in northern European waters was examined. The term mesoparasitic refers to highly transformed copepods where the adult female attaches by embedding part of its body in the host. Representatives of five known familes were found and a new family is established. A single new species, Bradophila minuta sp. nov., was described in the family Bradophilidae. It occurred exclusively on the flabelligerid Diplocirus glaucus (Malmgren, 1867). Two genera of the family Herpyllobiidae were represented: Herpyllobius Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 and Eurysilenium M. Sars, 1870. Herpyllobius arcticus Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861 was found on at least five different polynoid hosts, two of which, Harmothoe fragilis Moore, 1910 and Antinoe sp., were new host records. A new species, H. cluthensis sp. nov. was described from Malmgrenia species in Scottish waters. The large species, Herpyllobius cordiformis Lützen, 1964, was collected in Arctic waters from Eunoe cf. oerstedi. It is the first report of this parasite in Europe. The common parasite H. polynoes (Krøyer, 1864) was found on six different polynoid hosts, three of which, Harmothoe bifera, Malmgreniella mcintoshi Tebble & Chambers, 1982 and Eunoe ?barbata are new host records. Eurysilenium truncatum M. Sars, 1870 was collected from Eucranta villosa Malmgren, 1866, Eunone sp., and Gattyana cirrhosa (Pallas, 1766). The material from Eucranta villosa caught at 72.6ºN comprises both a new host record and is the most northerly report of this parasite. Specimens of Eurysilenium which differed from E. truncatum in a number of features were found on Harmothoe fragilis and H. impar (Johnston, 1839). A new family, the Pholoicolidae, is established to accommodate Pholicola chambersae gen. et sp. nov., parasitic on Pholoe pallida Chambers, 1985. The family Phyllodicolidae was represented by all three of its known species: Phyllodicola petiti (Delamare Deboutteville & Laubier, 1960), Cyclorhiza eteonicola Heegaard, 1942 and C. megalova Gotto & Leahy, 1988. The former was found on Eumida ockelmanni Eibye-Jacobsen, 1987, a new host record. A single ovigerous female of C. eteonicola was collected from a new host, Eteone spetsbergensis Malmgren, 1865. Cyclorhiza megalova was common on Eteone longa (Fabricius, 1780) and E. longa/flava complex. A rich diversity of members of the family Saccopsidae was found, including three known species of Melinnacheres M. Sars, 1870 plus nine new species placed in four new genera. Melinnacheres was represented by M. ergasiloides M. Sars, 1870, M. steenstrupi Bresciani & Lützen, 1961 and M. terebellidis Levinsen, 1878. Melinnacheres ergasiloides was found on Melinna elizabethae McIntosh, 1914, M. steenstrupi on members of the Terebellides stroemi-complex and T. atlantis Williams, 1984, while M. terebellidis was found on the T. stroemi-complex and on T. shetlandica Parapar, Moreira & O'Reilly, 2016. A new genus, Trichobranchicola gen. nov., was established to accommodate T. antennatus gen. et sp. nov., a parasite of Trichobranchus sikorskii Leontovich & Jirkov in Jirkov, 2001, T. glacialis Malmgren, 1866 and Trichobranchus sp. The second new genus, Lanassicola gen. nov., was established to accommodate the type species, Lanassicola arcticus gen. et sp. nov. parasitic on Lanassa venusta (Malm, 1874), plus two additional species, L. bilobatus gen. et sp. nov. on Lanassa nordenskjoeldi Malmgren, 1866, and L. dorsilobatus gen. et sp. nov. on Proclea graffii (Langerhans, 1884). A new subfamily, Euchonicolinae, was established within the Saccopsidae to accommodate two new genera, Euchonicola gen. nov. and Euchonicoloides gen. nov. The type species of Euchonicola gen. nov. is E. caudatus gen. et sp. nov., a parasite of Euchone sp., and it includes two other species, E. linearis gen. et sp. nov. on Chone sp., and E. parvus gen. et sp. nov. on Euchone sp. The type species of Euchonicoloides gen. nov. is E. elongatus gen. et sp. nov. found on a host belonging to the genus Euchone, and it also includes Euchonicoloides halli gen. et sp. nov. from Jasmineira caudata Langerhans, 1880. Four species of the family Xenocoelomidae were found: Xenocoeloma alleni (Brumpt, 1897), X. brumpti Caullery & Mesnil, 1915, X. orbicularis sp. nov. and Aphanodomus terebellae (Levinsen, 1878). Xenocoeloma alleni was found on four different species of Polycirrus and on Amaeana trilobata (M. Sars, 1863) and X. brumpti was found on Polycirrus norvegicus Wollebaek, 1912. Xenocoeloma orbicularis sp. nov. occurred only on Paramphitrite birulai (Ssolowiew, 1899). Aphanodomus terebellae was found on three hosts, only one of which, Leaena abranchiata was new. 

Unity in diversity: phylogenetics and taxonomy of Rhabdoweisiaceae (Dicranales, Bryophyta)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir E Fedosov ◽  
Alina V Fedorova ◽  
Juan Larraín ◽  
Marina B Santos ◽  
Michael Stech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Morphological Heterogeneity ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Unity In Diversity

Abstract Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions of Rhabdoweisiaceae based on plastid (trnS-rps4 and trnL-F) and mitochondrial (nad5) DNA sequences and a comprehensive taxon sampling were performed, including 15 out of 16 genera currently attributed to the family, taxa recently found belonging to Rhabdoweisiaceae and expanded outgroups from related families of Dicranidae. The suggested revised delimitation of the family comprises Camptodontium (previously referred to Dicranaceae), three subaquatic species currently classified in Blindia (Seligeriaceae), and Glyphomitrium (previously referred to Ptychomitriaceae, Erpodiaceae or its own family) and Eucamptodon perichaetialis (the type species of the genus, previously referred to Dicnemonaceae). The emended delimitation of Rhabdoweisiaceae thus adds to the already high morphological heterogeneity resulting from the divergent evolution of specialized traits in different lineages of epiphytes and saxicolous hygrophytes. Taxonomic inferences from the phylogenetic analyses include segregation of three new genera, Pseudoblindia (for species currently recognized as Kiaeria falcata, Blindia robusta, B. lewinskyae and B. inundata), Ripariella (for Kiaeria riparia) and Brideliella (for Oncophorus wahlenbergii, O. demetrii and Symblepharis lindigii). Hollia is reinstated for the dicnemonoid Australasian species previously classified in Eucamptodon. Additionally, we propose to merge (1) Oreoweisia, Pocsiella and Pseudohyophila with Cynodontium, and (2) Kiaeria s.s. with Arctoa. Furthermore, we propose to limit Oncophorus to O. virens and O. integerrimus and expand the circumscription of Symblepharis to accommodate O. crispifolius, O. dendrophilus, O. elongatus and O. raui. The generic status and inclusion in Rhabdoweisiaceae are confirmed for Cnestrum and the recently described Notocynodontium, and the exclusion of Amphidium, Dichodontium, Holodontium and Hymenoloma from the family is supported.

Three new species, two new genera, and new family Biphragmosagittidae (Сhaetognatha) from Southwest Pacific Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
A.P. Kassatkina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Malinky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

Rediagnosis of the squat lobster genus Gastroptychus Caullery, 1896, with a new genus Sternostylus and a new family Sternostylidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Chirostyloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4524 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEIJI BABA ◽  
SHANE T. AHYONG ◽  
KAREEN E. SCHNABEL
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
The Other ◽  
Squat Lobster ◽  
Terminal Spine ◽  
New Family ◽  
Left And Right

The chirostyloidean squat lobster genus Gastroptychus Caullery, 1896 is revised and is split into two genera: Gastroptychus sensu stricto (type species, Ptychogaster spinifer A. Milne-Edwards, 1880) and Sternostylus new genus (type species, Ptychogaster formosus Filhol, 1884). Gastroptychus sensu stricto, is restricted to nine species with a sternal plastron, at sternite 3, abruptly demarcated from the preceding sternites (excavated sternum) by a distinct step forming a well-defined transverse or concave anterior margin at the articulation with maxillipeds 3, the maxillipeds 3 widely separated, with the distal parts accommodated in the excavated sternum between the left and right maxillipeds 3 when folded, and the P2–4 dactyli with the terminal spine demarcated by a suture. Sternostylus new genus, represented by 12 species, has the sternite 3 anteriorly bluntly produced medially and steeply sloping anterodorsally to the anterior sternite, with a pair of spines directly behind the anterior margin, the left and right maxillipeds 3 adjacent, and the P2–4 dactyli ending in an indistinctly demarcated corneous spine. The above-mentioned characters of Gastroptychus are consistent with Chirostylidae sensu stricto. Published molecular phylogenies indicate, however, that Sternostylus is the sister group to all the other Chirostylidae, and is designated the type genus of a new family, Sternostylidae. 

On the disintegration of Molluginaceae: a new genus and family (Kewa, Kewaceae) segregated from Hypertelis, and placement of Macarthuria in Macarthuriaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten J.M. Christenhusz ◽  
Samuel F. Brockington ◽  
Pascal-Antoine Christin ◽  
Rowan F. Sage
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
New Family ◽  
Family Names ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Traditional Sense

Molecular studies have shown that Molluginaceae in the traditional sense is polyphyletic. Several genera have already been separated into various families (e.g. Caryophyllaceae, Limeaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Microteaceae), but recent studies have shown that Macarthuria and Hypertelis also make Molluginaceae polyphyletic if they remain to be included in this family. Hypertelis is biphyletic, with its type species found to belong to Molluginaceae sensu stricto, but the remainder of the genus is to be placed elsewhere. Therefore a new genus, Kewa, is proposed for the rest of Hypertelis, and two new family names are coined: Kewaceae and Macarthuriaceae, which are here morphologically characterized.

Generic concepts in the Platycrinitidae Austin and Austin, 1842 (class Crinoidea)

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
William I. Ausich ◽  
Thomas W. Kammer
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nomina Dubia ◽  
Stratigraphic Ranges

Platycrinitesis traditionally one of the more recognizable crinoids, a camerate crinoid with very few if any fixed brachials or interradials and a helically twisted column. Accordingly, many taxa have been assigned to this genus. With a better understanding of the Platycrinitidae, these characters actually unite the family Platycrinitidae rather than the genus. Further, use of different genus-diagnostic characters in Western Europe versus North America has resulted in a confused systematics for this important late Paleozoic family. Here, we objectively define genera within the Platycrinitidae and assign all species to either newly defined or newly named genera. A phylogenetic hypothesis, incorporating both parsimony-based character analysis and stratigraphic ranges, of the genera within the Platycrinitidae is presented.With consideration of the type species,Platycrinites laevisMiller, 1821,Platycrinitessensu stricto is distinguished fromPlatycrinitessensu lato, which is used for species that cannot be assigned with confidence to any objectively defined genus. New genera areArtaocrinusn. gen.,Collicrinusn. gen.,Elegantocrinusn. gen., andLaticrinusn. gen.; andExsulacrinusBowsher and Strimple, 1986 is designated a junior synonym ofPlatycrinitess.s.Collicrinus shumardin. gen. and sp.,Laticrinus owenin. gen. and sp., andLaticrinus wachsmuthin. gen. and sp. are described; andPlatycrinites formosus approximatus(Miller and Gurley, 1896a) is designated a junior synonym ofPlatycrinites formosus(Miller and Gurley, 1895a), which is reassigned here toCollicrinusn. gen.Platycrinitess.s. now includes 14 species and species-level taxa, and 76 species are assigned toPlatycrinitess.l. Ten species are designated nomina dubia, as are taxa based solely on columnals or pluricolumnals. Two species are designated nomina nuda, and two are transferred to genera outside of the Platycrinitidae. In addition, twenty-seven species and four open-nomenclature taxa are each reassigned to a different genus.

scholarly journals New Oriental genera in the family Issidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4312 (2) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
MENGLIN WANG ◽  
THIERRY BOURGOIN ◽  
YALIN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species

Three new Oriental Issidae genera and two new species identified by a previous molecular phylogeny analysis are described. Two new genera belong to the tribe Kodaianellini: Kodaianellissus gen. nov., type species: K. intorqueus sp. nov. from China and Tetricissus gen. nov., type species: T. philo (Fennah, 1978) from Vietnam. Another new genus representing Sarimini: Longieusarima gen. nov., type species: L. lunulia sp. nov. is described from China. 

scholarly journals Evaluating the genus Cespitularia MilneEdwards & Haime, 1850 with descriptions of new genera of the family Xeniidae (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 63-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuda Benayahu ◽  
Leen P. van Ofwegen ◽  
Catherine S. McFadden
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Taxonomic Assignment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Generic Position

Several species of the family Xeniidae, previously assigned to the genus Cespitularia Milne Edwards & Haime, 1850 are revised. Based on the problematical identity and status of the type of this genus, it became apparent that the literature has introduced misperceptions concerning its diagnosis. A consequent examination of the type colonies of Cespitularia coerulea May, 1898 has led to the establishment of the new genus Conglomeratuscleragen. n. and similarly to the assignment of Cespitularia simplex Thomson & Dean, 1931 to the new genus, Caementabundagen. n. Both new genera are described and depicted and both feature unique sclerite morphology, further highlighting the importance of sclerite microstructure for generic position among Xeniidae. Freshly collected material was subjected to molecular phylogenetic analysis, whose results substantiated the taxonomic assignment of the new genera, as well as the synonymies of several others.

scholarly journals Plumularioid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia R. Galea ◽  
Davide Maggioni
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

This study reports on 25 species of hydroids occurring in the collections gathered during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions carried out in the SE of New Caledonia in 2016, and off the western coast of the island in 2017, respectively. Of these, 19 have not been dealt with in earlier reports on these collections. Two new genera and four new species are described, viz, Actinopluma mirifica Galea gen. et sp. nov., provisionally assigned to the family Kirchenpaueriidae Stechow, 1921, Schizoplumularia helicoidalis sp. nov., belonging to the Plumulariidae McCrady, 1859, and Corhiza patula Galea sp. nov. and Thamnopteros uniserius Galea gen. et sp. nov., both placed in the family Halopterididae Millard, 1962. The gonotheca and the medusoid gonophore of Plumularia contraria Ansín Agís et al., 2014 are described for the first time, allowing a genus transfer to Dentitheca Stechow, 1919, as D. contraria comb. nov. Plumularia conjuncta Billard, 1913, known earlier from a minute portion of colony, is redescribed based on a complete, though infertile, specimen. Similarly, complete specimens corresponding to the hydroid previously referred to as Antennella megatheca Ansín Agís et al., 2009 are documented, allowing a provisional reallocation to Corhiza Millard, 1962 and a description of its so far unknown gonothecae. Fertile material assignable to the poorly-known Monostaechas fisheri Nutting, 1905 allows the recognition of this hydroid as a valid species, distinct from M. quadridens (McCrady, 1859). Most taxa are illustrated to validate the reliability of their identifications. Finally, phylogenetic reconstructions of the families Aglaopheniidae, Plumulariidae, and Halopterididae, based on the 16S rRNA, allowed a first genetic characterization of some of the species dealt with in this work.

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