A new ant-eating spider genus Suffascar (Araneae:Zodariidae) endemic to Madagascar: a considerable extension of the dual femoral organ clade

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Henrard ◽  
Rudy Jocqué
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Group Relation ◽  
Ant Eating

The new zodariid genus Suffascar, gen. nov. is described from Madagascar. It is apparently endemic to the island, common and speciose. Twelve new species were discovered and are here described: Suffascar albolineatus, sp. nov., S. fianara, sp. nov., S. fisheri, sp. nov., S. fitzpatrickae, sp. nov., S. gigas, sp. nov., S. griswoldi, sp. nov., S. macromma, sp. nov., S. micromma, sp. nov., S. nonus, sp. nov., S. scutatus, sp. nov., S. sufficiens, sp. nov. and S. tofti, sp. nov. It is well known that Zodariidae with femoral organs are specialised consumers of ants or termites, although the exact role of these glands still remains obscure. Suffascar is part of the ‘dual femoral organ clade’ (DF), which also includes Asceua Thorell, 1887, Suffasia Jocqué, 1991, and Suffrica Henrard & Jocqué, 2015. Using a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis, we test whether zodariids sharing the dual femoral organ are part of the same group as the ‘single femoral organ clade’ (SF) or form a separate monophyletic group. It appears that SF and DF constitute clearly monophyletic entities with a sister-group relation. These groups may be considered as distinct subfamilies and, together, they may turn out to be sister to the Storeninae (which then could be re-established). An analysis that focuses on these questions is underway. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:281E1357-FAEE-4300-B1BB-F0D43E724E91

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic relationships of Dasyloricaria Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with description of a new species

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Londoño-Burbano ◽  
Roberto E. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Maracaibo Basin ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Branchial Arches ◽  
A New Species

ABSTRACT A taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis were completed for Dasyloricaria . The genus includes three valid species: D . filamentosa and D . latiura previously included in the genus, and a new species described herein. Dasyloricaria have a restricted trans-Andean distribution, with D . filamentosa occurring at the lower and middle Magdalena, lower Cauca, and Sinu in Colombia, and lago Maracaibo basin in Colombia and Venezuela; D . latiura in the Atrato and the Tuyra basins in Colombia and Panama, respectively; and the new species in the upper and middle Magdalena basin in Colombia. New synonyms for D . filamentosa and D . latiura are proposed, and a lectotype is designated for the latter. Dasyloricaria is herein recognized as monophyletic, with D . filamentosa as the sister group of D . latiura , and the new speciesas sister to that clade. Spatuloricaria is hypothesized to be the sister group of Dasyloricaria based on synapomorphies of the neurocranium, branchial arches and external morphology features. The subtribe Rineloricariina was partially corroborated through the phylogenetic analysis. An identification key for the species of Dasyloricaria is provided.

Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corotoca, with description of a new genus and species from Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Bruno Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Exhaustive Search ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
A New Species

Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.

Opuntia delafuentiana (Cactaceae: Opuntioideae), a new xoconostle from central Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Ramiro Martínez-González ◽  
Isolda Luna-Vega ◽  
Clemente Gallegos-Vázquez ◽  
Ricardo García-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Chloroplast Gene ◽  
Prickly Pears ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of a wild Mexican Opuntia producer of edible acidic prickly pears (xoconostles), locally known as “xoconostle de cerro blanco“ (white hillside xoconostle), based on external morphology and micromorphology attributes (mainly characters of the spines). This species is morphologically compared with another four species of wild xoconostles distributed in the same region: O. joconostle, O. leiascheinvariana, O. oligacantha and O. matudae. A taxonomic key for the xoconostles of the area is provided. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of one chloroplast gene, one plastid intergenic spacer and one nuclear molecular marker, the new species was recognized as a monophyletic group within Opuntia s.s. sensu Majure et al.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of Libellula Linnaeus (Odonata: Insecta)

Zootaxa ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK LOUIS CARLE ◽  
KARL M. KJER
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Representative Species

Phylogenetic analysis was performed on a set of 242 morphological characters. The taxon sample included 31 Libellula, and representative species from selected libeluline tribes, from all libellulid subfamilies, from all libelluloid families, from all anisopteran superfamilies, and Epiophlebia. Corduliinae was shown to be paraphyletic even among genera characterized by a well developed anal loop bisector. Sympetrini was found to be polyphyletic with Crocothemis the sister group to Libellulini. The traditional placement of Trameini, far from Libellulini is in doubt, because it is here placed as the sister group to Crocothemis + Libellulini. Kennedy’s phylogeny of Libellula was largely corroborated, with the following exceptions: the subgenera Libellula, Eolibellula, and Syntetrum form a monophyletic group which is the sister group to a clade including Belonia, Holotania, Neotetrum, and Eotainia subgenus nov. [type species Mesothemis composita Hagen]; and Eurothemis is determined to be the sister group of Ladona instead of Neotetrum. In addition we confirm Belonia to be monophyletic, and find Platetrum + Plathemis to form a monophyletic group, sister to Ladona + Eurothemis; these four subgenera together form the sister group to Libellula sensu stricto (s.s.).

Coltriciella multipileata (Agaricomycetes, Hymenochaetaceae), a new species from Mexico, related to ectomycorrhizal lineages  

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 475 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
RICARDO VALENZUELA ◽  
TANIA RAYMUNDO ◽  
CONY DECOCK ◽  
MA BLANCA NIEVES LARA-CHÁVEZ ◽  
ISOLDA LUNA-VEGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Pinus Patula ◽  
A New Species ◽  
28S Ribosomal Dna

Coltriciella multipileata is described here as a new species from Mexico. The species grow on soils in open areas at the vicinity of living trees of Pinus patula, and its known only from the Parque Recreativo Los Colomos, Jalisco. The phylogenetic analysis based on partial nuclear 28S ribosomal DNA sequences, recovered Coltriciella multipileata as sister group with a specimen reported as ectomycorrhizal, and closely related with other two species that are considered saprophitic. According with our preliminary analysis of character states reconstruction, the ectomycorrhizal condition appeared early in the Coltriciella clade, with a high rate of transitions between ectomycorrhizal and saprophitic conditions. A key for species similar to Coltriciella multipileata is presented.

Phylogeny of the Mycetophiliformia, with proposal of the subfamilies  Heterotrichinae, Ohakuneinae, and Chiletrichinae for the Rangomaramidae (Diptera, Bibionomorpha)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1535 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALTON DE SOUZA AMORIM ◽  
EIRIK RINDAL
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Transformation Series

A phylogenetic analysis of the Mycetophiliformia (= Sciaroidea) was performed to determine the relationships among its families and to place the following genera of uncertain position in the system: Heterotricha, Ohakunea, Colonomyia, Freemanomyia, Rhynchoheterotricha, Chiletricha, Afrotricha, Anisotricha, Kenyatricha, Nepaletricha, Sciarosoma, Sciaropota, Insulatricha, Cabamofa, Rogambara, and Starkomyia. Eratomyia n. gen. is described based on a new species from Ecuador. Colonomyia brasiliana sp.n. and Colonomyia freemani sp.n. are described respectively from southern Brazil and Chile. The male of Cabamofa mira Jaschhof is described for the first time. A total of 64 terminal taxa and 137 transformation series (with 202 characters) were included in the data matrix, with a number of new features from thoracic morphology. Willi Hennig’s 1973 system for the higher Bibionomorpha was adopted using the name Mycetophiliformia for the Sciaroidea. The Mycetophiliformia are monophyletic. The family Cecidomyiidae appears as the sister group of the remaining Mycetophiliformia, followed by the Sciaridae. In the preferred topology, the Rangomaramidae appear as the group sister of a clade consisting of (Ditomyiidae + Bolitophilidae + Diadocidiidae + Keroplatidae) and of (Lygistorrhinidae + Mycetophilidae). The topology within the Rangomaramidae is (Chiletrichinae subfam. n. (Heterotrichinae subfam. n. ((Rangomaraminae + Ohakuneinae subfam. n.))). The Chiletrichinae include the genera Kenyatricha, Rhynchoheterotricha, Insulatricha, Chiletricha, and Eratomyia n. gen. Heterotrichinae and Rangomaraminae are monotypic. The subfamily Ohakuneinae includes Ohakunea, Colonomyia, Cabamofa, and Rogambara. The positions of Freemanomyia, Loicia, Taxicnemis, Sciaropota, Starkomyia, Anisotricha, Nepaletricha, and Sciarosoma are considered. Afrotricha might belong to the Sciaridae. The similarities used by many authors to gather the Sciaridae and Mycetophilidae in a clade are shown to be a combination of plesiomorphies and homoplasies.

A phylogenetic analysis of the subfamilies of Anyphaenidae (Arachnida, Araneae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Cladistic Analyses ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractAnyphaenidae are diagnosed by the pattern of tracheal system, the forwardly advanced tracheal spiracle, and the lamelliform claw tuft setae. Cladistic analyses of the relationships of the anyphaenid genera are made from a selection of 9 exemplar taxa scored for 20 characters. In result, three subfamilies are proposed. Malenellinae subfam. n. is erected for Malenella nana gen. & sp. n. from southern Chile. This subfamily is considered as the sister group of all other anyphaenids. Anyphaeninae and Amaurobioidinae form a monophyletic group united by the orientation of the claw tuft setae and the grooved cymbial tip. Anyphaeninae are diagnosed by three characters associated with the advancement of the spiracle toward the epigastric furrow. Amaurobioidinae are diagnosed by the ingression of the median hematodocha in the male tegulum, and a characteristic secondary conductor. The relationships among the genera of Amaurobioidinae are discussed. The complex tracheal system of anyphaenids develops, during ontogeny, from a simple four-branched system. The genera Aysenia (from Clubionidae), Philisca (from Miturgidae) and Sanogasta (from Corinnidae) are transferred to Anyphaenidae: Amaurobioidinae.

Phylogeny and reclassification of Laelius (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) and description of four new species

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Azevedo ◽  
Diego Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Initial Analysis ◽  
Single Clade ◽  
Cladistic Analyses

AbstractAs currently recognised, Laelius Ashmead contains 47 known species worldwide and is found on all continents except Australia (until this study). In this paper, we examined the taxonomic limits of this genus and tested whether species of the genera Laelius and Prolaelius Kieffer constitute a monophyletic group. We also tested whether the junior synonyms Allepyris Kieffer and Paralaelius Kieffer are supported by cladistic analyses. Our initial analysis indicated that these genera form a single clade. Cladistic analyses were based on 108 female structural characters. The data set was analyzed under equal-weights parsimony and implied weighting. In both analyses, Laelius was retrieved as a polyphyletic group because Prolaelius Kieffer was always nested within Laelius and Allepyris berlandi Benoit always remained in the outgroup and was retrieved as the sister group of Disepyris sp. Based on our analyses, we propose nine nomenclatural acts and recognise 52 valid species of Laelius. The following four new species are described: Laelius haplos sp.n. and L. quadrangulus sp.n. from Australia and L. ogmos sp.n. and L. titanokkos sp.n. from ailand. The following new generic synonym is proposed: Prolaelius Kieffer syn.n. of Laelius Ashmead. The following three new combinations are proposed: Disepyris berlandi (Benoit) comb.n. from Laelius, Laelius firmipennis (Cameron) comb.n. and Laelius glossinae (Turner & Waterston) comb.n. from Prolaelius. Additionally, a lectotype is designated for Laelius fulvipes Kieffer.

scholarly journals Hyoscyamus labiatus sp. nov. (Solanaceae: Hyoscyameae) from Henan, China: implications for the delimitation of Hyoscyamus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Yan Liu ◽  
Qi-Rui Wang ◽  
Zeng-Lu Mi ◽  
Jia-Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
Chloroplast Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Background Hyoscyamus, the largest genus in the tribe Hyoscyameae, harbors more than 20 species. Although the monophyly of Hyoscyamus is supported by both morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the delimitation of Hyoscyamus has been hotly debated in different classifications. Here, we report a new species of Hyoscyamus (Solanaceae) from Henan Province, China, and discuss the delimitation of Hyoscyamus. Results This species is morphologically similar to the known species of Hyoscyamus and its close related genus Archihyoscyamus, but can be distinguished by corolla 2-lipped, adaxial lip 3-lobed and much longer than abaxial lips, tube slender at base, and stamens 5, inserted on inner side of disk, free, obviously unequal, and exceeding corolla. Phylogenetic analysis based on four chloroplast markers including rbcL, ndhF, trnC-psbM and trnL-trnF, strongly suggested that the new species was sister to a monophyletic group containing all species of Hyoscyamus and Archihyoscyamus previously described. Conclusions Both the morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of Hyoscyamus labiatus as a new species. Our study also showed that Archihyoscyamus should be a synonym of Hyoscyamus. The delimitation of Hyoscyamus is thus revised in our study.

On the family Fissiphalliidae Martens, 1988, with descriptions of two new Amazonian species (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1325 (1) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA LÚCIA TOURINHO ◽  
ABEL PÉREZ GONZÁLEZ
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
Amazonas State

Two new species of Brazilian Fissiphalliidae are described. Fissiphallius chicoi n. sp. from Pará State, Gurupá municipality, whitewater floodplains (várzea), and Fissiphallius tucupi n. sp. from Amazonas State, Castanho municipality (paleovárzea). The number of species for this family in the Amazon rainforest increases from one to three. The two new species are closely related to Fissiphallius martensi Pinto-da-Rocha, 2004 from Amazonas State, Manaus. Fissiphalliidae and Zalmoxidae show remarkable similarities in somatic and genital morphology. Fissiphalliidae is kept as a family on the basis of its particular shape of the stragulum, but this character should be tested in a phylogenetic framework. A future phylogenetic analysis should determine if Fissiphalliidae is in fact the sister group of Zalmoxidae, or just a junior synonym. A key for identification, a distribution map, and notes on the distribution of the six species of Fissiphalliidae and the biology of the Amazonian species are given.

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