A new phylogenetic analysis of the Sphaerotheriida (Diplopoda) with a revision of the Australian giant pill-millipedes

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wesener
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South African ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Position ◽  
The South ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Cyliosoma Pocock, 1895, the oldest available genus name for Australian giant pill-millipedes, is revised with a redescription of its type species, Sphaerotherium angulatum Butler, 1878. All 16 species of Epicyliosoma Silvestri, 1917 are transferred to Cyliosoma, together with two species, Sphaerotherium fraternum Butler, 1872 and S. marginepunctatum Karsch, 1881, which are redescribed here. A new phylogenetic analysis of the Sphaerotheriida was conducted using 100 morphological characters and including two Cyliosoma species and four recently described or redescribed species of the family Zephroniidae. Most character states are illustrated for Cyliosoma, including the first SEM images of a member of the genus. Cyliosoma is neither closely related to the South African Sphaerotherium, nor to the other Australian genus, Procyliosoma, and is here placed in a new family, Cyliosomatidae. The monotypic Australian genus Cynotelopus Jeekel, 1986 is also referred to the Cyliosomatidae. The current position of the Cyliosomatidae is in a trichotomy including the South African Sphaerotheriidae and the Malagasy–Indian Arthrosphaeridae.

Three new species, two new genera, and new family Biphragmosagittidae (Сhaetognatha) from Southwest Pacific Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
A.P. Kassatkina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

Phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily Hylodinae (Anura, Leptodactylidae) based on morphological characters

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca do Val ◽  
Paulo Nuin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the family Leptodactylidae are controversial as is the intrafamilial phylogeny of the leptodactylids. Here we analyze the relationships of the leptodactylid subfamily Hylodinae. This subfamily has been considered to be monophyletic and composed of three genera, Hylodes, Crossodactylus and Megaelosia. In the present study 49 characters were used, based on different studies on Leptodactylidae phylogeny. Maximum parsimony methods with unweighted and successively weighted characters were used to estimate the phylogeny of the Hylodinae. Upon analysis, the data provided further evidence of the monophyletic status of the three genera, with Megaelosia being the basal genus and the other two genera being sister taxa. The analysis with successive weighting results in a more resolved topology of the species subgroups of the genus Hylodes and separates this genus from Crossodactylus and confirms that the hylodines are monophyletic.

scholarly journals On the systematic position of the genus Timmiella (Dicranidae, Bryopsida) and its allied genera, with the description of a new family Timmiellaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Inoue ◽  
Hiromi Tsubota
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Family ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Based on our molecular phylogenetic analysis of haplolepideous mosses with concatenated sequences of chloroplast rps4 and rbcL genes, a new family Timmiellaceae is erected to accommodate the genera Timmiella and Luisierella, both of which have been formerly included in the family Pottiaceae.  The family Timmiellaceae is resolved as a second-branching clade together with Distichium (Distichiaceae) within the Dicranidae (haplolepideous moss) lineages and phylogenetically distinct from the Pottiaceae.  Reassessment of morphological characters suggests that a combination of the characters: 1) adaxially bulging and abaxially flat leaf surfaces, 2) sinistrorse or straight peristomes, when present, and 3) sinistrorsely arranged operculum cells is unique to Timmiellaceae and discriminates it from other haplolepideous moss families.

A review of the systematics and phylogeny of the African Proteaceae

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Rourke
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
The South ◽  
Savannah Woodland

In Africa the Proteaceae are represented by 16 genera of which two (Dilobeia Thouars. and Malagasia L.Johnson and B.Briggs) are endemic to Madagascar and one (Faurea Harv.) is common to both Madagascar and Africa where it is widespread in forest and savannah woodland from the southern Cape to Eritrea. The remaining 13 genera are Cape-centred (10 are endemic to the western Cape) and with the exception of the monotypic riverine Brabejum L. (Grevilleoideae), are confined to fynbos (heathland) communities on oligotrophic soils. These 12 Cape heathland genera currently assigned to two subtribes (Proteinae and Aulacinae) within the subfamily Proteoideae have all been recently revised or are in the final stages of revision. Preliminary cladistic studies now suggest that they could be arranged in several new subtribes within the subfamily Proteoideae to reflect more accurately their phylogenetic relationships. Using morphological characters in a cladistic analysis, the South African Proteoideae (tribe Proteeae) resolve into two broad groups; Aulax Berg., Faurea Harv. and Protea L. form a weakly supported group while the second, large, well-supported group resolves into two clades in which the heterogeneous Leucadendron R.Br. stands apart while the other clade underpinned by Vexatorella Rourke resolves into two further groups, the ‘Leucospermum group’ and the ‘Serruria group’. The dioecious genera Leucadendron and Aulax previously united in the subtribe Aulacinae have been shown to differ markedly and should probably be placed in separate subtribes. Selection pressure, especially from fire and pollinators, has resulted in major morphological modifications in the 12 fynbos genera from the western Cape.

scholarly journals Revision of the South American genus Gaujonia Dognin (Noctuidae, Pantheinae) with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
pp. 71-126
Author(s):  
Jose I. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
South American ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The South ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
One New Species

The endemic Neotropical genus Gaujonia Dognin is revised. Morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis demonstrate paraphyletic relationships among the species. Four different groups are interpreted to represent four different genera. The G. arbosi group is the only remaining clade in the genus Gaujonia, and the other groups have been arranged into three new genera: Milleranagen. nov., Oculicattusgen. nov., and Cicadoformagen. nov. Additionally, two other genera Cicadomorphusgen. nov., and Gaujopteragen. nov. were found using morphological and molecular analyses based on some specimens that were misidentified as Gaujonia spp. A total of five new genera, three new combinations (Cicadoforma vau-nigrum Hampson, comb. nov., Oculicattus renifera Hampson, comb. nov., and Millerana arbosioides Dognin, comb. nov.) and 21 new species (Cicadoforma ocelotussp. nov., Cicadomorphus chicharrasp. nov., Cicadomorphus chuyasp. nov., Cicadomorphus falkasiskasp. nov., Cicadomorphus lilianaesp. nov., Gaujonia bichusp. nov., Gaujonia chiqyaqsp. nov., Gaujonia kanakusikasp. nov., Gaujonia sourakovisp. nov., Gaujoptera amsasp. nov., Millerana austinisp. nov., Millerana cajassp. nov., Millerana cundinamarquensissp. nov., Millerana matthewsaesp. nov., Millerana tigrinasp. nov., Oculicattus bolivianasp. nov., Oculicattus brehmisp. nov., Oculicattus incasp. nov., Oculicattus raizaesp. nov., Oculicattus schmidtisp. nov., and Oculicattus uturunkusp. nov.) are established.

Phylogenetic analysis of Lumbrineridae Schmarda, 1861 (Annelida: Polychaeta)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1332 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS F. CARRERA-PARRA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

This study represents the first phylogenetic reconstruction of lumbrinerid genera using parsimony analyses of 38 morphological characters. Following higher-level phylogenetic analysis, Oenone (Oenonidae) was selected as outgroup. The analysis was restricted to type species for each genus, yielded 24 equally parsimonious trees, which after successive weighting were reduced to one tree (CI= 0.7396). The topology of this tree revealed the separation of the family into four main clades: 1. Lysarete, 2. Arabellonereis, 3. Scoletoma, Lumbrineris, Hilbigneris gen. nov., Kuwaita, Lumbricalus, Sergioneris gen. nov. and Eranno, and 4. Abyssoninoe, Cenogenus, Lumbrinerides, Lumbrineriopsis, Augeneria, Loboneris gen. nov., Gallardoneris gen. nov., Helmutneris gen. nov., and Gesaneris gen. nov.; the position of Ninoe is unclear. A diagnosis of each genus is provided, including the description of six new genera and three new species. A key to lumbrinerid genera is included.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of the Anomura (Decapoda, Crustacea): Spermatozoa and spermatophore morphological evidence

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Tudge
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Decapod Crustacean ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Clade

A phylogenetic analysis of selected anomuran, thalassinidean, and other decapod crustacean taxa, based on spermatozoal ultrastructural characters and spermatophore morphological characters, was performed and the following relationships of the taxa are elucidated from the trees produced. The Anomura are not a monophyletic assemblage, with the lomoid Lomis being exclusive of the remainder of the anomuran taxa, and the thalassinid Thalassina included in the anomuran clade. The synapomorphy joining the majority of the conventional anomuran taxa (Lomis excluded) is the cytoplasmic origin of the microtubular arms. When the palinurid and thalassinoid representatives are separately designated as outgroups, the Astacidea and Brachyura jointly formed a sister group to the Anomura. The superfamilies Thalassinoidea, Paguroidea, and Galatheoidea are not monophyletic groups. In all analyses the anomuran families Coenobitidae and Porcellanidae each form a monophyletic group. The paguroid family Diogenidae is paraphyletic, with the genera Clibanarius and Cancellus separate from a single clade containing the remaining diogenid genera. The families Paguridae and Parapaguridae form a monophyletic clade with the exception of Porcellanopagurus. The two representatives of the family Chirostylidae (Eumunida and Uroptychus) fail to associate with the other species in the Galatheoidea. The taxa in the family Galatheidae are not a monophyletic assemblage. The only investigated hippoid Hippa is portrayed as the sister group to the remainder of the anomuran taxa (with the exception of Lomis).

Is Copytus Skogsberg, 1939 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) a neocytherideid? With description of a new family and two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4729 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
JOÃO CARLOS COIMBRA ◽  
CRISTIANINI TRESCASTRO BERGUE ◽  
MARIA INÊS FEIJÓ RAMOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
The South ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species

The genus Copytus Skogsberg, 1939 was erected based on C. caligula, recovered from bottom sediments of the South Georgia Island, Antarctica. However, we propose herein that Skogsberg’s species is a junior synonym of Cytherideis laevata Brady, 1880 also collected from Antarctica and, therefore, Copytus laevata (Brady, 1880) becomes the type species. The position of the genus Copytus in the family Neocytherideidae is discussed, and a new family is proposed. In addition, we consider the genus Neocopytus Külköylüoðlu, Colin & Kiliç, 2007 invalid, and some of its species are transferred to Copytus. Finally, two new species of Copytus are herein described, C. cuspidata sp. nov. and C. wuerdigae sp. nov., and their geographic, bathymetric and stratigraphic distributions are discussed. 

scholarly journals Phylogeny of Microphthalminae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971, and revision of Hesionella Hartman, 1939, and Struwela Hartmann-Schröder, 1959 (Annelida, Errantia)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7723
Author(s):  
Sergio I. Salazar-Vallejo ◽  
Jesús Angel de León-González ◽  
Luis F. Carrera-Parra
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
A New Species

Microphthalminae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971 was proposed in Hesionidae to include Microphthalmus and Hesionides; however, the affinities of these genera to other members of Hesionidae have been debated, and some authors have concluded they do not belong in Hesionidae. Herein, based on morphological characters, a phylogenetic analysis of the subfamily and some other similar poorly-known genera, with an uncertain position in Hesionidae was performed to clarify their affinities. Our results indicate that Microphthalminae, as currently delimited, is paraphyletic. The inclusion of Struwela, Uncopodarke, and Westheideius, a new genus, as well as the recognition of Fridericiella are proposed to meet the requirement of monophyly; and as result of this, the elevation in rank to the family level is herein presented. Furthermore, the type species for Hesionella and Struwela are redescribed, and a new species in the latter is described. A key to identify microphthalmid genera is also included.

Phylogenetic analysis using rDNA reveals polyphyly of Oplophoridae (Decapoda:Caridea)

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tin-Yam Chan ◽  
Ho Chee Lei ◽  
Chi Pang Li ◽  
Ka Hou Chu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Deep Channel ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
18S Rrna Genes ◽  
Molar Process

Molecular phylogenetic analysis on nine of the ten genera in the caridean family Oplophoridae Dana, 1852, as well as 14 other caridean families using mitochondrial 16S and nuclear 18S rRNA genes, does not support the monophyletic status of Oplophoridae. Two disparate groups of oplophorids are revealed, with different morphological characters and ecology. It is proposed that the family Oplophoridae is restricted to the three genera Oplophorus, Systellaspis and Janicella. These three genera tend to be distributed in shallower water than the other oplophorid genera, and can also be distinguished from them by certain morphological characters. They have a thicker integument, superficial cuticular photophores and larger eyes, and the molar process of their mandibles is greatly reduced or bears a deep channel. The family Acanthephyridae Bate, 1888 is resurrected for the other seven genera, which are generally distributed in deeper water and are characterised by red soft integument, no cuticular photophores, smaller eyes and well-developed molar process of the mandibles without a deep channel. The relationships between these two families and other caridean families could not be clearly resolved in this study.

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