Systematic revision and phylogeny of the Australian myrmecomorphic seed bug genus Daerlac Signoret (Insecta:Heteroptera:Rhyparochromidae:Udeocorini)

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerasimos Cassis ◽  
Celia Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Seed Predators ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

The Australian endemic ant-mimetic seed bug genus Daerlac is revised. This paper provides a redescription of the genus Daerlac and four species: D. apicalis, D. cephalotes, D. nigricans and D. picturatus. Daerlac tricolor is synonomised with D. cephalotes. A taxonomic key to species is provided. Known distributions of D. apicalis, D. nigricans and D. picturatus are each extended beyond previously known ranges. Daerlac species are found predominantly in temperate open forest and woodlands in association with ants and eucalypts. All species are broadly distributed and there is a high degree of overlap in distributions. They are seed predators found on the ground, in leaf litter, under bark or on trunks of eucalypts, and putatively forage on post-dispersed seeds. Cladistic analysis of morphological characters finds that the four species of Daerlac form two well-supported sister-groups (D. apicalis + D. picturatus, and D. cephalotes + D. nigricans). A discussion of the distribution, biology and myrmecomorphy of the genus is provided, and the tribal placement of Daerlac and its relationship to Laryngodus are discussed.

Taxonomic revision and preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the subgenus Megalostomis (Scaphigenia) Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Roig-Juñent ◽  
Martha Domínguez ◽  
Federico Agrain
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis

AbstractThe subgenus M. (Scaphigenia) Lacordaire includes six species distributed in arid regions of South America. A systematic revision of this subgenus is presented, including re-descriptions and an update of distribution data of the six species. A preliminary cladistic analysis is performed to test the relationships among the species of the subgenus and if the morphological characters used are suitable. A key is presented to separate the seven subgenera of Megalostomis Chevrolat as well as a key for the species of the subgenus M. (Scaphigenia). Male aedeagus internal sac of the nine studied taxa are described and illustrated. This constitutes the first internal sac descriptions for members of this subtribe and could help clarify the homology of such structures within Cryptocephalinae. M. (S) consimilis Achard is reassigned to the species status on the base of genitalic characters. The cladistic analysis was done using forty-one characters from adult external morphology and male and female genitalia. Two species of two different subgenera of Megalostomis: M. (Megalostomis), and M. (Heterostomis) Lacordaire, and one representative of the genus Themesia Lacordaire were selected as out groups. Results were obtained by implicit enumeration using parsimony software. Three equally parsimonious trees were obtained of 45 steps, Ri=0.952, and Ci= 0.941. Support of each group was evaluated by Jacknifing, Bootstrap and Bremer values. Relationships between species are discussed.

scholarly journals Systematic revision of the trans-Bassian moriomorphine genus Theprisa Moore (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1044 ◽  
pp. 339-373
Author(s):  
James K. Liebherr ◽  
Nick Porch ◽  
Matthew Shaw ◽  
Bronte E. Sinclair ◽  
David R. Maddison
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent Event ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Natural Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Initial Event

The Australian genus Theprisa Moore, 1963, is taxonomically revised to comprise five species, two newly described: Theprisa darlingtoni Liebherr & Porch, sp. nov. of Tasmania, and Theprisa otway Liebherr, Porch & Maddison, sp. nov. from the Otway Ranges, Victoria. Two previously described species, T. australis (Castelnau) and T. montana (Castelnau), are distributed in the mountains of Victoria. The third previously described species, T. convexa (Sloane) is found in Tasmania. A lectotype is designated for T. convexa because the various syntypes are ambiguously labelled. Cladistic analysis based on morphological characters establishes monophyly of Theprisa relative to the Australian genera Sitaphe Moore and Spherita Liebherr. This and a second clade of Australian genera (Pterogmus Sloane, Thayerella Baehr, and Neonomius Moore) do not form a natural group, but are cladistically interdigitated among two monophyletic New Zealand lineages (Tarastethus Sharp, and Trichopsida Larochelle and Larivière) suggesting substantial trans-Tasman diversification among these groups. Hypothesized relationships within Theprisa are consistent with two bouts of speciation involving the Bass Strait; an initial event establishing T. convexa as adelphotaxon to the other four species, and a more recent event establishing the sister species T. darlingtoni and T. montana. Geographic restriction of T. otway to the Otway Ranges is paralleled by Otway endemics in several other carabid beetle genera, as well as by endemics in numerous other terrestrial arthropod taxa. Whereas these numerous Otway endemics support the distinctive nature of the Otway Range fauna, their biogeographic relationships are extremely varied, illustrating that the Otways have accrued their distinctive biodiversity via various means.

Diversification of the endemic Himalayan monsoon-season beetle genus Calloserica inferred from a cladistic analysis (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae:Sericini)

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Ahrens
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
High Degree

A cladistic analysis of the species of Calloserica Brenske, 1894, was executed using 49 morphological characters of adults. The generated phylogenetic tree supports the monophyly of the genus and the sister-group relationship between Pachyserica and (Gastroserica, Neoserica). Allopatric speciation is discussed as an important mechanism for explaining present tree topology and distribution patterns. Emergence of adults (and mating) during the monsoon season is considered to be a major factor for stimulating the diversification of this group, resulting in its highly restricted distribution and a high degree of endemism. Two new species are described from Nepal: Calloserica capillata, sp. nov. and C. manangensis, sp. nov.

A happy family: systematic revision of the endemic Theridion spiders (Araneae, Theridiidae) of the Hawaiian Islands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrià Bellvert ◽  
Rosemary G. Gillespie ◽  
Miquel A. Arnedo
Keyword(s):  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Happy Face ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Happy Family ◽  
First Time

Since the description in 1900 of the iconic Happy Face spider, Theridion grallator, Simon, along with nine relatives, the Theridion fauna of the Hawaiian Islands has remained unstudied. Here, we present a systematic revision of the Hawaiian Theridion, which includes the examination of abundant material collected during the last 50 years, with scanning of the genitalia of several species using SEM techniques, and a cladistic analysis based on 22 morphological characters, to provide a first hypothesis of the phylogenetic structure of the group. We describe eight new species, namely T. ariel, sp. nov., T. caliban, sp. nov., T. ceres, sp. nov., T. ferdinand, sp. nov., T. juno, sp. nov., T. miranda, sp. nov., T. prospero, sp. nov. and T. sycorax, sp. nov. Additionally, we provide new diagnoses for former species and illustrate and describe for the first time the male of T. kauaiense Simon, 1900 and the female of T. praetextum Simon, 1900. We further propose that T. campestratum Simon, 1900 is a junior synonym of T. melinum Simon, 1900 and T. praetextum concolor Simon, 1900 is a junior synonym of T. praetextum. Finally, we provide updated information on the distribution of the species. Most species are easily diagnosed based on the male and female genitalia, but we also reveal the existence of somatic characters that differ among species, such as the body size and the shape and size of the chelicerae, which may have played a role in the diversification and coexistence of some of the species. The preferred cladogram from the cladistic analysis, although compatible with a progression rule, also suggests a complex pattern of multiple back and forward colonisations, albeit most of the clades are poorly supported.

scholarly journals Systematic revision of the genera Geckobiella Hirst, 1917 and Hirstiella Berlese, 1920 (Acari: Prostigmata: Pterygosomatidae) with description of a new genus for American species parasites on geckos formerly placed in Hirstiella

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3510 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO PAREDES-LEÓN ◽  
HANS KLOMPEN ◽  
TILA M. PÉREZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
The Third ◽  
A New Species

A cladistic analysis based on 274 morphological characters was performed including the 13 previously recognized speciesof the scale mite genus Hirstiella, 2 new species, 5 species in closely related genera, and 3 more distant out-group species.An analysis based on 148 informative characters resulted in one most parsimonious tree (L = 400, CI = 0.57 and RI =0.79). According to this, the genus Hirstiella in its current concept is a polyphyletic taxon whose member species belongto three different clades. The first lineage (Bremer support and jackknife values 2 and 78%) includes the type species H.trombidiiformis and seven additional species of Hirstiella that are parasites on iguanian lizards. The genus Geckobiella isincluded in this lineage, and the latter taxon name has priority over Hirstiella; therefore, the genus Hirstiella is considereda synonym of Geckobiella and no longer valid. For the second lineage (Bremer support and jackknife values of 2 and 73%)we propose the name Bertrandiella gen. nov.; it includes H. tenuipes, H. otophila, H. jimenezi and Bertrandiella chame-laensis sp. nov. The third lineage, and sister taxon of Bertrandiella, is a clade comprising Pimeliaphilus and the speciesH. sharifi and H. insignis. The latter taxa are transferred back to Pimeliaphilus (Bremer support and jackknife values >4and 100%). Updated diagnoses are provided for the genera Geckobiella sensu nov. (including a new species Geckobielladonnae sp. nov.) and Bertrandiella gen. nov., and for all their species, as well as for the genera Pimeliaphilus sensu nov.and Tequisistlana, based on the results of the phylogenetic analyses. The analyses support the hypothesis that lizards arethe ancestral hosts for Pterygosomatidae; associations with arthropods (in Pimeliaphilus) appear to be secondary, the result of host switching from lizards.

Morphological phylogeny of Thripidae (Thysanoptera : Terebrantia)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimeng Zhang ◽  
Laurence Mound ◽  
Jinian Feng
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Superficial Resemblance ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
High Degree

Thripidae, one of the largest families of Thysanoptera, is widely distributed throughout the world. To explore the phylogenetic relationships and current classification of Thripidae, a cladistic analysis is presented based on 117 morphological characters scored from 114 species representing 94 genera. This analysis was used to reconstruct the ancestral feeding habits of Thripidae, with the result that leaf-feeding is recognised as ancestral within this family, and flower-feeding derived. Thripidae is recovered as a monophyletic group, but the three subfamilies Dendrothripinae, Sericothripinae and Panchaetothripinae are all recovered as nested within the fourth and major subfamily Thripinae. Sericothripinae is related to the Scirtothrips genus-group in Thripinae, but a close relationship to Echinothrips is not supported. Intergeneric relationships within Dendrothripinae are relatively well resolved. Three tribes in Panchaetothripinae are not monophyletic but Tryphactothripini genera form a clade with Panchaetothrips. Subfamily Thripinae is paraphyletic, but includes several monophyletic genus-groups (Rhamphothrips genus-group, Trichromothrips genus-group, Thrips genus-group, Frankliniella genus-group, Chirothrips genus-group). Relationships within the Thrips genus-group are poorly resolved, presumably due to a high degree of homoplasy. Five genera (Amomothrips, Moundinothrips, Smilothrips, Ctenothrips and Sciothrips) are placed into the Taeniothrips genus-group, and three genera (Salpingothrips, Tusothrips and Chaetanaphothrips) are proposed as the Chaetanaphothrips genus-group. The previously accepted Anaphothrips genus-group and Mycterothrips genus-group are not recovered, presumably because the supporting characters are merely superficial resemblance with no phylogenetic significance. This work resolves the systematic relationships among most thripid genera, as well as providing a morphological background for the evolution of Thripidae.

A New Species of Justicia (Acanthaceae: Acanthoideae: Justicieae) from Northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-333
Author(s):  
Camila Alcantara ◽  
Gleison Soares ◽  
Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos ◽  
Marccus Alves
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—Justicia rubrobracteata, a new species from northeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to J. aequilabris due to its shrubby habit, and terminal and axillary spicate inflorescences with red flowers. However, J. rubrobracteata is differentiated mainly by the shape and color of its bracts and bracteoles as well as an orangish macula in the corolla, and a torulose capsule. In addition, J. rubrobracteata is only known from northeastern Brazil, from the states of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, while J. aequilabris is widely distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay. A table with the main morphological characters of both species is included, as well as photographs, a key to species of Justicia for the states of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte in northeastern Brazil, a distribution map of both species, and conservation data for the new species.

Two late-spring braconid genera of the subfamily Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) new for the fauna of Russia

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Belokobylskij ◽  
T.S. Kostromina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

Two braconid genera from the subfamily Alysiinae, Lodbrokia Hedqvist, 1962 and Asyntactus Marshall, 1898, are recorded in the fauna of Russia and in the Asian continent for the first time. A new species Lodbrokia uralica sp. nov. is described from the Urals, and a key to species of this genus is provided. Redescriptions of the female and male of Asyntactus rhogaleus Marshall, 1898 with information about the level of variability of its morphological characters are given. Asyntactus sigalphoides Marshall, 1898 is synonymised with A. rhogaleus Marshall, 1898 (syn. nov.).

Is Elsiella Froeschner, 1981 a valid genus? (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3238 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
FELIPE LORENZ SIMÕES ◽  
AUGUSTO FERRARI ◽  
JOCÉLIA GRAZIA
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
Valid Genus ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae

The genus Elsiella Froeschner, 1981 is validated based on the analysis of a recently found male specimen of E. plana(Walker, 1867). A cladistic analysis comprising a data set of 40 morphological characters and 22 taxa, including the generaElsiella, Serdia Stål, Similliserdia Fortes & Grazia, Neotibilis Grazia & Barcellos, and Tibilis Stål, was performed. Elsiellaplana is redescribed and illustrated. Maps are provided for Elsiella and Serdia with biogeographical considerations for Serdia.

Are Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara (Acari: Tetranychidae) one species? Morphological and molecular evidences for synonymy between these two spider mite species and a note on invasiveness of T. macfarlanei on okra and eggplant in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Mahran Zeity ◽  
Nagappa Srinivas ◽  
Chinnamade Channegowde Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi Gene ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Study of morphological characters of Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard and Tetranychus malaysiensis Ehara revealed high similarity by comparing all the important characters in addition to the characters pointed out by Ehara to separate those two species. Molecular phylogeny of seven Indian populations of T. macfarlanei and one population of T. malaysiensis from Philippines along with few distantly related species of Tetranychus was attempted. High degree of similarity between these two species at mitochondrial COI gene (96%) as well as ITS2 (rDNA) (96–99%) region was evident. Based on both morphological features and molecular data, T. malaysiensis is proposed as a junior synonym of T. macfarlanei based on ICZN’s law of priority. Also more female characters are prompted in this study to distinctly discriminate T. macfarlanei from its most resembling species, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher. Tetranychus macfarlanei has emerged as a pest of several cultivated crop plants in India. 

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