Systematic revision, cladistics and biogeography of the genus Neogutierrezia Martínez (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae) and its phylogenetic placement in Rutelinae based on structural alignment of 28S rDNA sequences

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico C. Ocampo ◽  
Eider Ruiz-Manzanos ◽  
Adriana E. Marvaldi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Alignment ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Structure Alignment ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

The Argentinean endemic genus Neogutierrezia Martínez, 1953 (Scarabaeidae : Rutelinae) is revised and seven new species are described: N. bicolor Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. chelii Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. galileoi Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. lagosae Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. payuniensis Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov., N. scutata Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov. and N. variabilis Ocampo & Ruiz-Manzanos, sp. nov. Species status is proposed for N. affinis Martínez stat. nov., which was formerly considered as subspecies of N. mirabilis Martínez. The genus Neogutierrezia now includes 10 species distributed in the Monte biogeographic province in Argentina. In order to clarify the systematic placement of the genus Neogutierrezia, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed using structurally aligned 28S rDNA sequences (expansion segments D2 and D3) from 23 taxa in Scarabaeoidea, including two representative species of Neogutierrezia. This is the first report of an annotated secondary structure alignment of the D2 and D3 segments of 28S rRNA that spans a wide sample of scarabaeoids, providing a useful homology template for further phylogenetic reconstruction in these and closely related beetles. Results of the molecular parsimony analysis strongly indicate that the genus is closely related to members of the Rutelinae (Scarabaeidae), and thus Neogutierrezia Martínez is transferred from Melolonthinae: Pachydemini to Rutelinae, new placement. A morphological cladistic analysis of the genus was also undertaken, including all the 10 known species in the genus plus two outgroup taxa in Rutelinae, and based on 53 adult characters. The most-parsimonious cladogram provides evidence for the monophyly of the genus, which shows three main clades, distributed in Central Monte and Southern Monte. The adult morphology of the 10 species is described and a key is provided, along with illustrations of the diagnostic characters. The biogeography of species in the genus is discussed.

Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4603 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
FAN XIN ◽  
SI-YU ZHANG ◽  
YONG-SHI SHI ◽  
LEI WANG ◽  
YU ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Pore Opening ◽  
Brackish Water Species ◽  
Water Species

In this study, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (M. shenda n. sp. and M. spiriger n. sp.) collected from Shenzhen, China, were described based on morphological, histological, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Macrostomum shenda n. sp. differs from its congeners in the oblique and non-thickening distal opening of its narrow funnel-shaped stylet. In addition, its sperm have neither bristles nor brush, and are surrounded by an undulating membrane in the mid-body region. In M. spiriger n. sp., the stylet is spirally twisted. Its reproductive apparatus has a seminal bursal pore opening exteriorly. Results of the 18S and 28S rDNA phylogenetic analyses also support the establishments of these two new species. Moreover, the 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of some species within Macrostomum in previous studies have been revised to avoid ambiguity, while Macrostomum dongyuanensis Wang & Sun, 2015 was re-identified as a new record of M. quiritium Kolasa, 1973 from China.

The aberrant millipede genus Pteridoiulus and its position in a revised molecular phylogeny of the family Julidae (Diplopoda : Julida)

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Enghoff ◽  
Gitte Petersen ◽  
Ole Seberg
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Gap Opening ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

A phylogenetic analysis of 62 species (32 genera) of the Palaearctic millipede family Julidae, including the aberrant alpine genus Pteridoiulus Verhoeff, 1913, was made based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA (16S) gene and the nuclear 28S rRNA (28S) gene, respectively. The two datasets (16S rDNA and 28S rDNA) were analysed in combination but treated as different partitions using direct optimisation as implemented in POY. The 16S rDNA and the 28S rDNA sequences vary from 410 to 449 bp and from 467 to 525 bp in length, respectively. All searches were performed under six different gap opening costs, an extension gap cost of 1, and a substitution cost of 2. Based on previous investigations the optimal gap opening cost was set to 4, and the robustness of different gap opening costs ranging from 1 to 6 investigated. Additionally, the two data partitions were aligned individually using MAFTT and run in TNT both with gaps treated as a fifth state, and as missing, and finally the alignments were used as input in a maximum likelihood (ML) analysis. The order Julida and the family Julidae were recovered as monophyletic under all weight sets in POY, as well as in the TNT and ML analyses. Likewise, in all analyses Pteridoiulus was found to be sister to another monotypic alpine genus, Heteroiulus Verhoeff, 1897. The Pteridoiulus + Heteroiulus clade is robust to parameter changes but lacks morphological support. The distribution pattern of the clade, Pteridoiulus in the eastern Alps (mainly Austria), Heteroiulus in the southern Alps (Italy) seems unique, since similar patterns all involve very similar, closely related species pairs.

scholarly journals Internal phylogeny of the Chilopoda (Myriapoda, Arthropoda) using complete 18S rDNA and partial 28S rDNA sequences

1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (1380) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Giribet ◽  
Salvador Carranza ◽  
Marta Riutort ◽  
Jaume Baguñà ◽  
Carles Ribera
Keyword(s):  
18S Rdna ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Branch Support ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

The internal phylogeny of the ‘myriapod’ class Chilopoda is evaluated for 12 species belonging to the five extant centipede orders, using 18S rDNA complete gene sequence and 28S rDNA partial gene sequence data. Equally and differentially weighted parsimony, neighbour–joining and maximum–likelihood were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, and bootstrapping and branch support analyses were performed to evaluate tree topology stability. The results show that the Chilopoda constitute a monophyletic group that is divided into two lines, Notostigmophora (= Scutigeromorpha) and Pleurostigmophora, as found in previous morphological analyses. The Notostigmophora are markedly modified for their epigenic mode of life. The first offshoot of the Pleurostigmophora are the Lithobiomorpha, followed by the Craterostigmomorpha and by the Epimorpha s. str. (= Scolopendromorpha + Geophilomorpha), although strong support for the monophyly of the Epimorpha s. lat. (= Craterostigmomorpha + Epimorpha s. str.) is only found in the differentially weighted parsimony analysis.

The description and molecular phylogenetic position of a new conifer-associated mite, Setoptus tsugivagus n. sp. (Eriophyoidea, Phytoptidae, Nalepellinae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Philipp Chetverikov ◽  
Eugenia A. Desnitskaya ◽  
Peter G. Efimov ◽  
Samuel Bolton ◽  
Tatjana Cvrkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Prodorsal Shield ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

A new vagrant eriophyoid mite species, Setoptus tsugivagus n. sp. Chetverikov (Eriophyoidea, Phytoptidae, Nalepellinae, Nalepellini), is described from the needles of the western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla (Rafinesque) Sargent (Pinaceae) in Vancouver, Canada. The new species can be distinguished from all other members of Setoptus by a distinct pattern of several short longitudinal ridges on the posterior half of the prodorsal shield. Elements of the anal secretory apparatus (ASA) were observed in adults of S. tsugivagus n. sp., suggesting that the ASA is present in both major phylogenetic lineages of Eriophyoidea (Eriophyidae s. l. and Phytoptidae s. l.). Therefore, this structure could be a synapomorphy for all Eriophyoidea. We briefly discuss the function and morphological variety of the ASA in Eriophyoidea. D2 28S rDNA sequences of four nalepelline species were obtained: Boczekella reticulata Bagnyuk 1987 (GenBank accession number MK124605), Nalepella tsugifoliae Keifer 1953 (MK124606), Setoptus pini Boczek, 1964 (MK124607), and S. tsugivagus n. sp. (MK124608). Molecular phylogenetic analyses of D2 28S rDNA sequences of the mites of the subfamily Nalepellinae confirmed monophyly of the tribe Nalepellini and retrieved Setoptus and Nalepella as polyphyletic. Additionally, our data indicate that 28S rDNA sequence KF782472.1, previously reported to be Trisetacus ehmanni Keifer 1963 by Li et al. (2014), belongs to another species of the genus Trisetacus, possibly T. quadrisetus (Thomas), and the sequence KF782471.1, previously reported to be Trisetacus sp., might belong to T. juniperinus (Nalepa). We also discuss the systematics of nalepellines and their host association with conifers.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analyses of ribosomal transcription units from Haplorchis taichui and H. pumilio species of Heterophyidae (Platyhelminthes: Opisthorchiata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-652
Author(s):  
Le Thi Viet Ha ◽  
Nguyen Thi Khue ◽  
Dong Van Quyen ◽  
Le Thanh Hoa
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Haplorchis Taichui

Heterophyidiasis caused by minute intestinal flukes becomes of public concern in many countries worldwide. Haplorchis taichui and H. pumilio, belonging to the family Heterophyidae (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) are two of many infecting humans and commonly found in Vietnam. Sequence study of these two small intestinal flukes is still very limited, hence we need more prospective markers for taxonomic identification and classification. This study provides complete coding sequence of the ribosomal transcription units (rTU) from H. taichui and H. pumilio (Vietnamese samples) and demonstrates the use of complete 28S rDNA sequences for phylogenetic analysis.The complete coding sequence of the rTU (from 5' 18S to 3' 28S), consisting of complete 18S, ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS2 and complete 28S rRNA genes and spacers, from H. taichui (7,268 bp) and H. pumilio (7,416 bp) from human hosts in Vietnam, were determined and annotated. The 18S and 5.8S genes of both species were of the same length (1,992 bp/18S, 160 bp/5.8S), but 28S genes differed (3,875 bp/H. taichui and 3,870 bp/H. pumilio). ITS-1 in H. taichui (797 bp) and ITS-2 in H. pumilio (280 bp) do not contain tandem repeat units (TRUs), while ITS-1 in H. pumilio (1,106 bp) contains 3 TRUs of 136 bp/each and 2 TRUs of 116 bp/each and ITS-2 in H. taichui (444 bp) contain 3 TRUs (83–85 bp/each). A phylogenetic tree inferred from the alignment of complete 28S rDNA sequences of 32 trematode strains/species, including 2 Vietnamese Haplorchis spp. and 24 species of 8 families in the suborders Xiphidiata (families Nanophyetidae, Paragonimidae, Collyriclidae), Opisthorchiata (Heterophyidae, Opisthorchiidae), and Echinostomata (Echinostomatidae, Fasciolidae).  and Schistosoma japonicum of the family Schistosomatidae is used as an outgroup. The topology of the phylogenetic tree clearly confirmed the status of the Vietnamese H. taichui and H. pumilio species. These species gathered in a group (in the family Heterophyidae) clearly identified in the position of "sister” group to those in the family Opisthorchiidae (suborder Opisthorchiata, superfamily Opisthorchioidea).

Structural alignment of 18S and 28S rDNA sequences provides insights into phylogeny of Phytophaga (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea and Chrysomeloidea)

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana E. Marvaldi ◽  
Catherine N. Duckett ◽  
Karl M. Kjer ◽  
Joseph J. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Structural Alignment ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Positions of the Bothitrematidae and Neocalceostomatidae (Monopisthocotylean Monogeneans) Inferred from 28S rDNA Sequences

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Lou Justine ◽  
Richard Jovelin ◽  
Lassâd Neifar ◽  
Isabelle Mollaret ◽  
L. H Susan Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
28S Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

Generic classification of some more hyphomycetes with solitary conidia borne on phialides

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1570-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Gams ◽  
K O'Donnell ◽  
H -J Schroers ◽  
M Christensen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Morphological Species

Unlike most phialide-producing fungi that liberate a multiplicity of conidia from each conidiogenous cell, only single conidia are formed on phialide-like conidiogenous cells in Aphanocladium, Verticimonosporium, and some species of Sibirina. A group of isolates obtained from soil of native Artemisia tridentata (sagebrush) grassland in Wyoming and from desert soil in Iraq is compared with these genera and classified as a fourth genus, Stanjemonium, honouring Stanley J. Hughes. Phylogenetic analyses of partial nuclear small- (18S) and large-subunit (28S) rDNA sequences indicate that Stanjemonium spp. form a monophyletic group with Emericellopsis. Sequences from the nuclear 18S and 28S rDNA were too conserved to resolve morphological species of Stanjemonium; however, phylogenetic analysis of b-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1a gene exons and introns resolved all species distinguished morphologically. Numerous conidiogenous cells or denticles are scattered along the cells of aerial hyphae in Aphanocladium and Stanjemonium spp., very rapidly collapsing into denticles in the former, somewhat more persistent and leaving broad scars in the latter. In Cladobotryum-Sibirina and Verticimonosporium spp., conidiogenous cells are discrete in terminal and intercalary whorls; phialides of the latter taxon are particularly swollen. The taxonomy of Aphanocladium is not yet resolved. Two species are recognized in Verticimonosporium. Three new species of Stanjemonium are described, and one new combination from Aphanocladium is proposed, along with one new species of Cladobotryum.Key words: Aphanocladium, Cladobotryum, conidiogenesis, hyphomycetes, molecular phylogeny, phialide, Stanjemonium, systematics, Verticimonosporium.

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