scholarly journals Promoting Australian industry: CSIRO 1949–79

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Upstill
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
Rural Industries ◽  
Political Scene ◽  
Australian Industry

This paper addresses the manner in which the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) transferred its technology to Australian industry during the period 1949 to 1979. The analysis is framed within the changing economic and political scene in Australia and the changing expectations for public research organisations such as CSIRO. During the 1950s and 1960s CSIRO gave little direct attention to the processes of technology transfer but instead, following the prevailing wisdom, focused on high quality science and relied on existing extension services and patenting to capture the benefits from its research. This ‘science-push’ approach proved successful for Australia’s rural industries but, with a few exceptions, less so for the country’s secondary industries. By the early 1970s CSIRO faced pressures for change, induced by a tougher economic climate and changing views on the role of public research institutions. A shift toward greater customer relevance in its research would also need to be matched by new thinking about technology transfer.

INNOVATION COLLABORATIONS IN LOW-TO-MEDIUM TECH SMEs: THE ROLE OF THE FIRM’S INNOVATION ORIENTATION AND USE OF EXTERNAL INFORMATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950011 ◽  
Author(s):  
OUAFA SAKKA ◽  
JOSÉE ST-PIERRE ◽  
MOUJIB BAHRI
Keyword(s):  
Management Control ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
External Information ◽  
Marketing Innovation ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Successful Innovation ◽  
The Relationship

This study articulates and tests the direct and indirect relationships between the company’s innovation orientation (IO), its collection and dissemination (C&D) of external information among the organisational members, and the level of success of its innovation collaborations involving customers, suppliers, and research organisations. Our conceptual framework is developed based on an integration of the literatures on organisational capabilities, marketing, innovation, and management control. We empirically test these relationships on a sample of 117 small-to-medium enterprises (SME) operating in Low-to-Medium-Tech (LMT) manufacturing industries. Partial Least Squares (PLS) results reveal that the relationship between the firm’s IO and the success of its customer collaborations is partially mediated by the C&D of external information. We also find that the relationship between the firm’s IO and the success of supplier collaborations is direct, and that the C&D of external information has no effect on the success of such collaborations. Finally the relationship between IO, C&D of external information and the success of research organisation collaborations is found to be indirect. Overall, these findings suggest that developing successful innovation collaborations in LMT sectors requires that SME managers start by building an internal culture that promotes innovation, learning and openness to the external environment.

Exploring the Role of Open Innovation Intermediaries

2020 ◽  
pp. 1386-1402
Author(s):  
Pierre-Jean Barlatier ◽  
Eleni Giannopoulou ◽  
Julien Pénin
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Innovation Intermediaries ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
Innovation Practices ◽  
And Diffusion

In the era of open innovation, companies that want to innovate can no more remain isolated, they have to interact and collaborate with diverse actors of the innovation process. The rise of open innovation practices resulted in an increase of intermediaries for innovation. This chapter aims to better understand why innovative companies use the services of such intermediaries. Two distinct types of open innovation intermediaries have been identified, whose roles are significantly different; while the first type help companies to reduce transaction costs related to open innovation, the second type may be implicated directly in the creation, transfer and diffusion of knowledge. This chapter illustrates both roles in the case of public research valorization and distinguish clearly “Technology Transfer Organizations” (TTOs), whose role is to reduce transaction costs related to technology transfer from “Research and Technology Organizations” (RTOs) that are actively involved in knowledge creation and transfer processes.

Exploring the Role of Open Innovation Intermediaries

Crowdsourcing ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 632-648
Author(s):  
Pierre-Jean Barlatier ◽  
Eleni Giannopoulou ◽  
Julien Pénin
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Innovation Intermediaries ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
Innovation Practices ◽  
And Diffusion

In the era of open innovation, companies that want to innovate can no more remain isolated, they have to interact and collaborate with diverse actors of the innovation process. The rise of open innovation practices resulted in an increase of intermediaries for innovation. This chapter aims to better understand why innovative companies use the services of such intermediaries. Two distinct types of open innovation intermediaries have been identified, whose roles are significantly different; while the first type help companies to reduce transaction costs related to open innovation, the second type may be implicated directly in the creation, transfer and diffusion of knowledge. This chapter illustrates both roles in the case of public research valorization and distinguish clearly “Technology Transfer Organizations” (TTOs), whose role is to reduce transaction costs related to technology transfer from “Research and Technology Organizations” (RTOs) that are actively involved in knowledge creation and transfer processes.

scholarly journals The Performance of Supply-Push Versus Demand-Pull Technology Transfer and the Role of Technology Marketing Strategies: The Case of a Korean Public Research Institute

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Won Choe ◽  
Ilyong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Target Marketing ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Demand Pull ◽  
Mass Marketing ◽  
Technology Marketing

Technology transfer is one of important strategies in sustainable economic growth. There are supply-push and demand-pull directions of technology transfer, and recently Korean research institutes have paid increasing attention to demand-pull technology transfer in an attempt to improve public research institutes’ technology transfer performance (TTP). However, our view is that simply adopting a demand-pull or a supply-push model does not always guarantee improved TTP. We argue that technology marketing strategies, such as mass marketing and target marketing, should also be considered. This study aims to investigate the relationship between technology transfer directions and TTP, and the role of technology marketing strategies. We collected a Korean research institute’s technology transfer data from 2014 to 2015, and then employed a two-way ANOVA to analyze the data. The result of the analysis shows that TTPs differ by technology transfer directions and technology marketing strategies. More importantly, we found that the demand-pull model yields higher TTP, especially when the model is associated with target marketing strategies rather than mass-marketing strategies. This result implies that marketing strategies, such as market segmentation and customer targeting, are needed if an organization wants to improve TTP by implementing the demand-pull technology transfer model.

Exploring the Role of Open Innovation Intermediaries

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Pierre-Jean Barlatier ◽  
Eleni Giannopoulou ◽  
Julien Pénin
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Innovation Intermediaries ◽  
Diffusion Of Knowledge ◽  
Innovation Practices ◽  
And Diffusion

In the era of open innovation, companies that want to innovate can no more remain isolated, they have to interact and collaborate with diverse actors of the innovation process. The rise of open innovation practices resulted in an increase of intermediaries for innovation. This chapter aims to better understand why innovative companies use the services of such intermediaries. Two distinct types of open innovation intermediaries have been identified, whose roles are significantly different; while the first type help companies to reduce transaction costs related to open innovation, the second type may be implicated directly in the creation, transfer and diffusion of knowledge. This chapter illustrates both roles in the case of public research valorization and distinguish clearly “Technology Transfer Organizations” (TTOs), whose role is to reduce transaction costs related to technology transfer from “Research and Technology Organizations” (RTOs) that are actively involved in knowledge creation and transfer processes.

Is the alignment between public research organisations' R&D competence and policies really critical for technology transfer?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosung Son ◽  
Yanghon Chung ◽  
Sangpil Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Research Organisations ◽  
Technology Commercialisation ◽  
Oriented Research

Abstract This study examines the effects of commercially-oriented research and development (R&D) competence and technology commercialisation (TC) policies in public research organisations (PROs) on R&D efficiency of companies when they receive technology transfer from PROs. This study especially uses three-stage data envelopment analysis in order to control the companies’ absorptive capacity and innovation hurdles that affect the efficiency. The results show that companies that receive technology transfer from PROs that have good alignment between commercially-oriented R&D competence and TC policies have higher R&D efficiency than companies that do not. On the other hand, the misalignment between PROs’ commercially-oriented R&D competence and TC policies can have negative effects on R&D efficiency of companies that receive technology transfer. Consequently, this study discloses that the alignment between technology transferor's commercially-oriented R&D competence and TC policies is critical for improving the R&D efficiency of companies when the companies acquire technologies from external organisations.

scholarly journals Engaging with Australian industry: CSIRO in the late twentieth century

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Garrett Upstill ◽  
Thomas H. Spurling
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Industry Engagement ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Australian Industry

The increased engagement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) with Australian industry from the early 1980s to the late 1990s marks it as an unusual era for CSIRO. The reasons lie in CSIRO’s response to the economic and political background of the time and to government moves to reinvigorate the industrial sector. By the end of the century, external pressures for industry engagement had receded as macroeconomic conditions improved and Australian industry diversified. The engagement can be seen in the growth of direct contacts between CSIRO and research users and Australian companies that occurred across the organisation. This paper analyses CSIRO’s technology transfer policies and practices within an economic and political context and addresses two questions: why did the organisation’s approach to technology transfer change and how? We look at three mini-eras in the 1980s and 1990s and draw out major changes in technology transfer during these two decades.

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