scholarly journals Nutritional risk amongst community-living Maori and non-Maori older people in Hawke’s Bay

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline McElnay ◽  
Bob Marshall ◽  
Jessica O’Sullivan ◽  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Tracy Ashworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older People ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Community Living ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Poor Nutrition

INTRODUCTION: Maintaining good nutrition is vital for healthy ageing. Poor nutrition increases the risk of hospitalisation, disability and mortality. Research shows clinical malnutrition is preceded by a state of nutritional risk and screening can identify older people at risk of poor nutrition or who currently have impaired nutritional status. AIM: To assess the population prevalence of nutritional risk amongst community-living Maori and non-Maori older people in Hawke’s Bay. METHODS: A postal survey of 1268 people aged 65 years or older on the electoral roll for Hawke’s Bay was conducted. Nutritional risk was measured using the SCREEN II questionnaire. RESULTS: Responses from 473 people were received (43.8% male, 49.9% female, 6.3% unspecified) with an estimated average age of 74 years. Nutritional risk was present amongst 56.5% of older people with 23.7% at risk and 32.8% at high risk. Maori were 5.2 times more likely to be at nutritional risk than non-Maori. Older people living alone were 3.5 times more likely to be at nutritional risk than those living with others. The most frequent risk factors were low milk-product intake, perception of own weight being more or less than it should be, and low meat and alternatives intake. Skipping meals and low fruit and vegetable intake were additional frequent risk factors for Maori. DISCUSSION: Both living situation and ethnicity are associated with nutritional risk. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings and to determine issues specific for older Maori, including barriers to good nutrition and opportunities for nutritional improvement. KEYWORDS: Maori; nutritional status; older people

scholarly journals Nutrition and Delirium

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Alison Mudge ◽  
Adrienne Young ◽  
Margaret Cahill ◽  
Elise Treleaven ◽  
Lina Spirgienė
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Older People ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration ◽  
Poor Nutrition

AbstractDelirium is a common and serious complication in hospitalised older people. Poor nutrition and hydration are both risk factors for, and consequences of, delirium. This chapter will discuss the phenomenology of delirium and the role of nurses in recognising, preventing and managing this serious complication. It will also provide practical strategies to support nutrition and hydration in patients with, or at risk of, delirium.

457 NUTRITION, SARCOPENIA AND FRAILTY

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii14-ii18
Author(s):  
W Du
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older People ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Frail Older People ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Swallowing Problems ◽  
Prolonged Hospital ◽  
Poor Nutrition

Abstract   Many older people admitted to hospital are malnourished/at risk of malnourishment (30%), have swallowing problems (55%), are frail (25%), have sarcopenia (50%) or a combination of these. On admission to hospital frail older people are at significant risk of worsening nutritional status and prolonged hospital stay. Nutritional status should be identified, documented, food intake monitored and where appropriate they should be referred to the dietitian. The question remains, do staff recognise that frail older people may not eat their food increasing their risk of poor nutrition and outcome. Methods Older people admitted to a ‘Frailty’ Ward were directly observed during lunchtime by WD. The Minimal Eating Observation Form –Version II (MEOF-II) was used to document how much they ate. Frailty status (CFS), presence of Sarcopenia (Sarc-F) and whether a referral to dietetics or speech and language therapy (SLT) was completed. Results 39 patients were observed. Mean age was 82.38 years; median CFS 6 (3–8); median Sarc-F 4(0–9). Median MEOF II was 0 (0–5). Two patients were referred to dietetics and 4 to SLT. 7/40 (17,5%) were at high risk for undernutrition, a further 8/40(20%) were at moderate risk. 82% were severely frail, the remaining were mildly frail. 94% (16/17) exhibited sarcopenia. There was significant correlation between MEOF II and CFS (r = 0.4887, p = 0.00162); MEOFII and Sarc-F (r = 0.4395, p = 0.00512). There was correlation between CFS and Sarc-F (r = 0.80296, p < 0.00001). Only one (6%) was referred to the dietitian. Conclusion Frail older adults are often undernourished on admission to hospital. Nutritional intake is often poor with acute illness. Screening, observation and monitoring of nutritional intake should highlight concerns and needs for intervention. These study high lights that a significant number of older people are frail, fail to complete meals, are at significant risk of under nutrition, yet proactive intervention does not occur.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Risk Factors for Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Pérez-Ros ◽  
Rafael Vila-Candel ◽  
Lourdes López-Hernández ◽  
Francisco Miguel Martínez-Arnau
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship that frailty has with nutritional status and functional risk factors in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Cross-sectional study in community-dwelling older people, independent for walking and without impaired cognition. Frailty was assessed by Fried criteria. Nutritional status was analyzed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), biochemical markers (albumin, total proteins, cholesterol, lymphocytes, and hemoglobin); and anthropometric parameters (body mass index [BMI], body fat percentage, handgrip, and perimeters). A comprehensive geriatric assessment analyzed other risk factors: functionality, cognition, falls, comorbidity, polypharmacy, physical activity, and quality of life (QoL). Results: We included 564 elderly people with a mean age of 76.05 (standard deviation 3.97) years; 63.1% (n = 356) were women, and 83.9% (n = 473) were prefrail, and frail. The sample presented high functionality and a nutritional status with a predominance of overweight and obesity. Factors associated with frailty (R2 = 0.43) were age over 75 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76, 6.21; p < 0.001), female gender (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.24, 4.52; p = 0.009), anemia (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.19, 5.02; p = 0.015), falls (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.12, 3.25; p = 0.016) and the fear of falling (OR 4.01: 95% CI 1.76, 9.16; p = 0.001). Performing more than 3 weekly hours of physical activity was found to be a protective factor (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.15, 0.35; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The relationship between frailty and malnutrition in functionally independent community-dwelling older people is unclear. More studies are needed to know what nutritional markers are related to frailty, cognition, and functionality in order to discriminate the risk factors for community-dwelling older people at risk of malnutrition and dependency.

scholarly journals Impact of Malnutrition on Low Muscle Mass in Community-Dwelling Older People in Singapore: Findings from the SHIELD study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
Siew Ling Tey ◽  
Samuel Teong Huang Chew ◽  
Yatin Berde ◽  
Geraldine Baggs ◽  
Choon How How ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Older People ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People

Abstract Objectives Malnutrition contributes to loss of muscle mass. There is limited information on the prevalence of low muscle mass in community-dwelling older people who are (not) at risk of malnutrition. Factors associated with muscle mass are also not well characterized. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI; ASM/height2) in older people with normal nutritional status (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, MUST risk category = low) and those at risk of malnutrition (MUST risk category = medium or high), and to determine factors associated with ASMI. Methods Strengthening Health In ELDerly through nutrition (SHIELD) is a study involving 1211 (400 with normal nutritional status and 811 at risk of malnutrition) community-dwelling older people aged ≥65 years in Singapore. Low ASMI was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, 2014). Results One in five (20.6%) nourished participants had low ASMI vs. four in five (81.3%) participants at risk of malnutrition had low ASMI (P &lt; 0.0001). Older people with low ASMI were more likely to be admitted to the hospital, had longer length of stay, 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency, and lower education level, compared to those with normal ASMI (all P ≤ 0.0472). In the multiple linear regression model, age (coefficient, b = −0.013 kg/m2; P &lt; 0.001), gender (female: b = −0.963 kg/m2; P &lt; 0.001), calf circumference (b = 0.042 kg/m2; P &lt; 0.001), bone mass (b = 0.593 kg/m2; P &lt; 0.001), BMI (b = 0.129 kg/m2; P &lt; 0.001), and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) score (b = 0.001 kg/m2; P = 0.048) were associated with ASMI. Conclusions Community-dwelling older people at risk of malnutrition had four-fold greater risk of having low ASMI as compared to nourished counterparts. Increasing age was associated with lower ASMI, whereas calf circumference, bone mass, BMI, PASE score, and being male were positively associated with ASMI. These findings highlight the importance of screening for low muscle mass and maintaining muscle health as part of the overall malnutrition management in this population group. Funding Sources The Economic Development Board of Singapore, Abbott Nutrition, and Changi General Hospital funded this study.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Institutionalized Adults with Cerebral Palsy

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Norte ◽  
Coral Alonso ◽  
José Miguel Martínez-Sanz ◽  
Ana Gutierrez-Hervas ◽  
Isabel Sospedra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Background and Objectives: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a set of permanent disorders that limit physical activity and increase the risk of developing other diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MS). Adequate nutrition can contribute to the prevention of associated symptoms. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status and the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with CP and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels between IV and V. Materials and Methods: A sample of 41 adults with CP and GMFCS levels from IV to V were studied. The variables used in the study were age, sex, weight, height, mean age, and GMFCS level range. To evaluate nutritional status, body mass index and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), a nutritional screening tool, were used. To assess cardiometabolic risk, data on obesity, central obesity, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were collected. Results: More than 80% of the population studied was malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, according to the MNA tool classification ranges, and around 35% of the studied population was within the underweight range. Regarding cardiometabolic risk factors, only one adult with CP was diagnosed with MS. Conclusions: The studied population of adults with CP and GMFCS levels between IV and V is not a population at risk of MS; however, the high prevalence of malnutrition, as well as some of the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals KORELASI ANTARA STATUS GIZI IBU MENYUSUI DENGAN KECUKUPAN ASI DI POSYANDU DESA KARANG KEDAWANG KECAMATAN SOOKO KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Pujiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Poor Nutrition ◽  
The Village

KORELASI ANTARA STATUS GIZI IBU MENYUSUI DENGAN KECUKUPAN ASI DI POSYANDU DESA KARANG KEDAWANG KECAMATAN SOOKO KABUPATEN MOJOKERTOCorrelation Between Breastfeeding Mother Maternal Nutrition Status With Breastfeeding Adequacy In Posyandu of Karang Kedawung, Sooko, MojokertoNurul PujiastutiProgram Studi Keperawatan Lawang Poltekkes Kemenkes MalangJl. A. Yani No 1 Lawang 65218e-mail: [email protected] gizi di Indonesia dan negara berkembang umumnya masih didominasi oleh masalah kurang energi protein (KEP), anemia besi, gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium (GAKY), kekurangan vitamin A (KVA) dan masalah obesitas. Anemia umumnya dijumpai pada golongan rawan gizi yaitu ibu hamil, ibu menyusui, anak balita serta anak sekolah. Anemia atau gizi yang buruk pada ibu menyusui akan menyebabkan gangguan nutrisi dan produksi air susu ibu (ASI) menjadi kurang sehingga menimbulkan gangguan pertumbuhan bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara status gizi ibu menyusui dengan kecukupan ASI. Status gizi diukur dengan 3 indikator: IMB, LILA, dan Hb. Sedang kecukupan ASI diukur dengan indikator: tanda kecukupan ASI, BB bayi sebelum dan sesudah menyusu serta peningkatan BB bayi setelah 1 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan longitudinal (cohort). Hasil uji analisis statistik dengan mann whitney u test didapatkan tingkat signifikansi 95% (p = 0,009). Hasil uji analisis ditemukan tidak ada korelasi antara status gizi ibu menyusui (IMB dan LILA) dengan kecukupan ASI. Tetapi terdapat korelasi antara kadar Hb dengan kecukupan ASI. Kesimpulannya bahwa ibu menyusui dengan gizi buruk akan mempengaruhi kecukupan ASI karena tubuh membutuhkan zat gizi yang cukup untuk memproduksi ASI, tetapi tubuh tidak dapat memenuhi sehingga zat gizi tersebut diambil dari tubuh ibu dan berakibat makin lama ibu akan mengalami gizi yang bertambah buruk.Kata kunci: status nutrisi, ibu menyusui, kecukupan ASIABSTRACTProblem of gizi in Indonesia and developing countries in general still predominated by problem less energi protein, iron anaemia, trouble effect of iodine insuffiency, lacking of vitamin of A and problem of obesitas especially in metropolis. Anaemia of gizi is generally met at gristle faction of gizi that is pregnant mother, mother suckle, child of balita and also schoolchild. Anaemia at mother suckle will cause trouble of nutrisi production and irrigate mother milk become less. this clear generate growth trouble for baby which in giving irrigate mother milk. At mother with ugly gizi generally produce slimmer irrigate mother milk in number, while the qualities of depend on food which is eating. Generally there are degradation of fat rate, vitamin and carbohydrate. This study aims to know the relationship between the status of breastfeeding mothers with the adequacy of breastfeeding. This research is analytical research with longitudinal design up (cohort). Based on the results of test statistics with the mann whitney u test on the 95% level of confidence between the nutritional status of breastfeeding mothers with the adequacy of breastfeeding showed a significant relationship (p = 0,009). This explains that breastfeeding mothers who have poor nutrition affect the adequacy milk product. With the results of the research above, it is expected that the health through the village midwifes for more attention on the status of maternal nutrition on the nutritional needs of breastfeeding so that breastfeeding mothers can be improved by providing more counseling related to maternal nutrition and breastfeeding, such as the provision of vitamin tablets to the blood.Keywords: nutritional status, mother suckle, breastfeeding

scholarly journals Effects of vertical and side-alternating vibration training on fall risk factors and bone turnover in older people at risk of falls

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Corrie ◽  
K. Brooke-Wavell ◽  
N. J. Mansfield ◽  
A. Cowley ◽  
R. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Older People ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Vibration Training

scholarly journals Problems of nutritional assessment in the community

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Edington
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Children With Developmental Disabilities

The present paper explores the problems associated with assessment of nutritional status in the community and reviews the literature related to this subject. The first problem is one of terminology, since a logical first step before assessment is screening, which identifies characteristics known to be associated with dietary or nutritional problems. Its purpose is to differentiate individuals who are at high nutritional risk or have poor nutritional status. There are certain factors which should alert the primary health care team to the fact that nutritional intake may be reduced and that risk of malnutrition is increased. These include disease condition, functional disabilities, inadequate or inappropriate food intake, poor dentition or difficulty swallowing, polypharmacy, alcoholism, depression, poor social circumstances or recent discharge from hospital. Patients suffering from these factors need to be identified so that screening becomes a routine part of their medical treatment. At-risk groups include the elderly, the chronically ill, those with cancer and neurological disorders, post-surgical patients and children with developmental disabilities. In the community, practice and community nurses see the majority of at-risk patients and should carry out screening. A number of screening tools have been developed for community use. Most are aimed at the elderly population, but there are others designed to assess nutritional risk in children with developmental disabilities and the general population. These are reviewed and problems of content and validity identified. Some problems associated with nutritional assessment are also reviewed.

scholarly journals Nutrition and immunity: lessons for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip C. Calder
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Older People ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Poor Nutrition ◽  
Inflammatory Component

AbstractThe role of the immune system is to protect the individual against pathogenic organisms. Nutrition is one of multiple factors that determines the immune response and good nutrition is important in supporting the immune response. Immunity can be impaired in older people, particularly those who are frail, in those living with obesity, in those who are malnourished and in those with low intakes of micronutrients. The immune impairments associated with nutritional inadequacy increase susceptibility to infection and permit infections to become more severe, even fatal. The adverse impact of poor nutrition on the immune system, including its inflammatory component, may be one of the explanations for the higher risk of more severe outcomes from infection with SARS-CoV-2 seen in older people and in those living with obesity. Studies of individual micronutrients including vitamin D and zinc suggest roles in reducing severity of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Good nutrition is also important in promoting a diverse gut microbiota, which in turn supports the immune system. The importance of nutrition in supporting the immune response also applies to assuring robust responses to vaccination. There are many lessons from the study of nutrition and immunity that are relevant for the battle with SARS-CoV-2.

Malnutrition of the elderly patient in hospital: risk factors, detection and management

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Kiat Teo ◽  
HA Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Dietary, biochemical and anthropometric data indicate good nutritional status, in general, in community-dwelling, healthy elderly people, at least in the USA. In a sample of 209 men over 65 years of age without acute disease-related nutritional risk factors, mean intake of nutrients generally met or exceeded the recommended dietary values, with the exception of calories, although 7% of subjects consumed inadequate amounts of thiamine, vitamin A, vitamin C and calcium. Few subjects were extremely underweight or obese, although body fat, as assessed by skinfold thickness, fell over the two years of evaluation. The prevalence of malnutrition in patients with chronic disease living in the community in the UK is estimated to be around 8%, however. In this study of more than 11 000 men and women aged 18 years or over, consultation rates in general practice and prescription rates were lowest amongst patients with a body-mass index between 20 and 25. Hospital outpatient referral rates were not related to nutritional status, but both hospital admission rates and mortality were greatest in people with a body-mass index(BMI) (kg/m2) below 20, and declined as BMI increased.

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