Genotypic water-deficit stress responses in durum wheat: association between physiological traits, microRNA regulatory modules and yield components

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haipei Liu ◽  
Amanda J. Able ◽  
Jason A. Able
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Time Points

In Mediterranean environments, water-deficit stress that occurs before anthesis significantly limits durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) production. Stress tolerant and stress sensitive durum varieties exhibit genotypic differences in their response to pre-anthesis water-deficit stress as reflected by yield performance, but our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying tolerance is limited. We have previously identified stress responsive durum microRNAs (miRNAs) that could contribute to water-deficit stress tolerance by mediating post-transcriptional silencing of genes that lead to stress adaptation (e.g. miR160 and its targets ARF8 (auxin response factor 8) and ARF18). However, the temporal regulation pattern of miR160-ARFs after induction of pre-anthesis water-deficit stress in sensitive and tolerant varieties remains unknown. Here, the physiological responses of four durum genotypes are described by chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content, and stomatal conductance at seven time-points during water-deficit stress from booting to anthesis. qPCR examination of miR160, ARF8 and ARF18 at these time-points revealed a complex stress responsive regulatory pattern, in the flag leaf and the head, subject to genotype. Harvest components and morphological traits measured at maturity confirmed the stress tolerance level of these four varieties for agronomic performance, and their potential association with the physiological responses. In general, the distinct regulatory pattern of miR160-ARFs among stress tolerant and sensitive durum varieties suggests that miRNA-mediated molecular pathways may contribute to the genotypic differences in the physiological traits, ultimately affecting yield components (e.g. the maintenance of harvest index and grain number).

scholarly journals Morpho-Physiological Traits of Soybean as Affected by Drought

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
IA Rima ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
ZU Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Water Saturation Deficit

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of water deficit stress on morphophysiological parameters in soybean plant in pots at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during February to June, 2018. Seven soybean genotypes namely,i) G00081 ii) G00056 iii) Shohag iv) G00078 v) G00137 vi) G00035 and vii) G00060 were grown in two watering regimes viz. control (80% of the field capacity) and water deficit stress (50% of the field capacity). Morpho-physiological traits including plant height, number of leaf, relative water content, water saturation deficit, chlorophyll, proline, dry matter and yield were investigated. Results indicated that genotypic variability was found in water deficit stress tolerance in soybean. It was found that leaf of the genotype G00081 maintained higher water content, higher accumulation of prolineas well as less reduction of chlorophyll compared to other genotypes studied. Total dry matter accumulation and grain yield plant-1was also higher in this genotype. Genotype G00081 also showed relatively higher water deficit stress tolerance. On the contrary, G00035 was found to be susceptible showing lower yield. Higher water deficit stress tolerance in G00081 was attributed to higher relative leaf water and chlorophylls with accumulation of higher amount of proline. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 41-54

scholarly journals Transplant Growth Control through Water Deficit Stress—A Review

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Liptay ◽  
Peter Sikkema ◽  
William Fonteno
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Unit Leaf

The theme of this review is modulation of extension growth in transplant production through restraint of watering of the seedlings. The purpose of the modulation is to produce transplants of 1) appropriate height for ease of field setting and 2) adequate stress tolerance to withstand outdoor environmental conditions. Physiological responses of the plant are discussed in relation to the degree of water deficit stress and are related to the degree of hardening or stress tolerance development in the transplants. Optimal stress tolerance or techniques for measuring same have not been fully defined in the literature. However, stress tolerance in seedlings is necessary to withstand environmental forces such as wind and sand-blasting after the seedlings are transplanted in the field. It is also imperative that the seedlings undertake a rapid and sustained rate of growth after outdoor transplanting. Water deficit stress applied to plants elicits many different physiological responses. For example, as leaf water potential begins to decrease, leaf enlargement is inhibited before photosynthesis or respiration is affected, with the result of a higher rate of dry matter accumulation per unit leaf area. The cause of the reduced leaf area may be a result of reduced K uptake by the roots with a concomitant reduction in cell expansion. Severe water deficits however, result in overstressed seedlings with stunted growth and poor establishment when transplanted into the field. In transplant production systems, appropriate levels of water deficit stress can be used as a management tool to produce seedlings conducive to the transplanting process.

scholarly journals Exogenous Application of Brassinosteroid 24-Norcholane 22(S)-23-Dihydroxy Type Analogs to Enhance Water Deficit Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Katy Díaz ◽  
Luis Espinoza ◽  
Rodrigo Carvajal ◽  
Evelyn Silva-Moreno ◽  
Andrés F. Olea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Homogeneous Solution ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Exogenous Application

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones that play an essential role in plant development and have the ability to protect plants against various environmental stresses, such as low and high temperature, drought, heat, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and pesticides. Mitigation of stress effects are produced through independent mechanisms or by interaction with other important phytohormones. However, there are few studies in which this property has been reported for BRs analogs. Thus, in this work, the enhancement of drought stress tolerance of A. thaliana was assessed for a series of 2-deoxybrassinosteroid analogs. In addition, the growth-promoting activity in the Rice Lamina Inclination Test (RLIT) was also evaluated. The results show that analog 1 exhibits similar growth activity as brassinolide (BL; used as positive control) in the RLIT bioassay. Interestingly, both compounds increase their activities by a factor of 1.2–1.5 when they are incorporated to polymer micelles formed by Pluronic F-127. On the other hand, tolerance to water deficit stress of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings was evaluated by determining survival rate and dry weight of seedlings after the recovery period. In both cases, the effect of analog 1 is higher than that exhibited by BL. Additionally, the expression of a subset of drought stress marker genes was evaluated in presence and absence of exogenous applied BRs. Results obtained by qRT-PCR analysis, indicate that transcriptional changes of AtDREBD2A and AtNCED3 genes were more significant in A. thaliana treated with analog 1 in homogeneous solution than in that treated with BL. These changes suggest the activation of alternative pathway in response to water stress deficit. Thus, exogenous application of BRs synthetic analogs could be a potential tool for improvement of crop production under stress conditions.

scholarly journals Small RNAs and their targets are associated with the transgenerational effects of water-deficit stress in durum wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haipei Liu ◽  
Amanda J. Able ◽  
Jason A. Able
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism

AbstractWater-deficit stress negatively affects wheat yield and quality. Abiotic stress on parental plants during reproduction may have transgenerational effects on progeny. Here we investigated the transgenerational influence of pre-anthesis water-deficit stress by detailed analysis of the yield components, grain quality traits, and physiological traits in durum wheat. Next-generation sequencing analysis profiled the small RNA-omics, mRNA transcriptomics, and mRNA degradomics in first generation progeny. Parental water-deficit stress had positive impacts on the progeny for traits including harvest index and protein content in the less stress-tolerant variety. Small RNA-seq identified 1739 conserved and 774 novel microRNAs (miRNAs). Transcriptome-seq characterised the expression of 66,559 genes while degradome-seq profiled the miRNA-guided mRNA cleavage dynamics. Differentially expressed miRNAs and genes were identified, with significant regulatory patterns subject to trans- and inter-generational stress. Integrated analysis using three omics platforms revealed significant biological interactions between stress-responsive miRNA and targets, with transgenerational stress tolerance potentially contributed via pathways such as hormone signalling and nutrient metabolism. Our study provides the first confirmation of the transgenerational effects of water-deficit stress in durum wheat. New insights gained at the molecular level indicate that key miRNA-mRNA modules are candidates for transgenerational stress improvement.

The effect of water deficit on some physiological indices of Indian lettuce (Lactuca indica L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Thin Pham Thi Thanh ◽  
Bang Cao Phi ◽  
Hai Nguyen Thi Thanh ◽  
Khuynh Bui The ◽  
Mai Nguyen Phuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Lactuca Indica ◽  
Wilting Rate

Indian Lettuce (Lactuca indica L.) is a valuable medicinal herb but there are still no many researches about this plant. In this work, the physiological responses of Indian lettuce plants under water deficit conditions (5, 8, and 11 days of water stress) were investigated. The Indian lettuce wilted after 5 days of water stress (66.66%), the wilting rate increased after 8 (93.33%) and 11 days (100%) of water stress. The longer duration of water deficit stress caused the slower recovery of plants after rewatering. The water deficit stress caused a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, non-associated water content as well as flower formation of Indian lettuce. But the water deficit stress increases the associated water content and the flowering time of this plant.

scholarly journals Optimizing irrigation and determining the most sensitive development stage to drought in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in a semi-arid environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Leila Romdhane ◽  
Nicola Dal Ferro ◽  
Amor Slama ◽  
Leila Radhouane
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Three Stages

Rising temperatures and increasing water scarcity, which are already important issues, are expected to intensify in the near future due to global warming. Optimizing irrigation in agriculture is a challenge. Understanding the response of crop development stages to water deficit stress provides an opportunity for optimizing irrigation. Here we studied the response of two barley varieties (Rihane, Martin), to water deficit stress at three development stages (tillering, stem elongation, and heading) by measuring water status and grain yield components in a field experiment in Tunisia. The three stages were selected due to their importance in crop growth and grain development. Water deficit stress was initiated by withholding water for 21 days at the three stages with subsequent re-watering. Water deficit led to a progressive decrease in leaf water potential. In both varieties, heading was the stage most sensitive to water deficit. Leaf water potential measurements indicated that water deficit stress was more severe during heading, which to some extent may have influenced the comparison between growth stages. During heading, the number of ears per plant and weight of a thousand grains were reduced by more than 70% and 50%, respectively compared with stress at tillering. Comparison of yield components showed differences between the two barley varieties only when the water deficit was produced during the tillering stage.

scholarly journals Impact of water deficit stress in maize: Phenology and yield components

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Sah ◽  
M. Chakraborty ◽  
K. Prasad ◽  
M. Pandit ◽  
V. K. Tudu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Water Deficit Stress

scholarly journals Myxospermous seed-mucilage quantity correlates with environmental gradients indicative of water-deficit stress: Plantago species as a model

2019 ◽  
Vol 446 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 343-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Teixeira ◽  
Pietro Iannetta ◽  
Kirsty Binnie ◽  
Tracy A. Valentine ◽  
Peter Toorop
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seed Mucilage

Abstract Aims Myxospermous seed mucilage is multifunctional and is often found in seeds (or achenes) of species occupying arid environments where the trait may influence seed-dispersal and -germination of seeds. The seed mucilage may also enhance soil-water retention, −hydraulic conductivity and -stability. However, the relationship between seed mucilage quantity, seed germination and seedling traits across environmental gradients which determine water-deficit stress has not yet been ascertained. Methods Therefore, we characterised and tested the relationship between seed mucilage quantity, water-deficit stress responses of seeds and seedlings of 36 accessions of four different Plantago species (P. albicans L., P. coronopus L., P. lagopus L. and P. anceolata L.). These were gathered from six regions across Europe, which presented environmental gradients (of rainfall and temperature), and varying soil qualities. Results Seed mucilage was significantly greater in seeds of accessions experiencing: highest summer temperatures; lowest summer precipitation; soils of the same warm dry regions which had greater capacity to retain water within narrow pore spaces. Under water-deficit stress, seeds with most mucilage exhibited a lower base water potential for germination, suffered least seedling mortality and exhibited the most successful seedling development. Conclusions The findings indicate that seed mucilage quantity appeared as an ‘adaptive’ trait and there is a relationship between seed-mucilage quantity, seed germination plus seedling survival and development under environmental conditions of highest water-deficit stress.

Physiological and molecular basis of water-deficit stress tolerance in F1hybrids and their parental lines in rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Sasmita Pattnaik ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Kapil K. Tiwari ◽  
Chandra Prakash ◽  
Ashutosh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Parental Lines

Using Physiological Traits to Evaluating Resistance of Different Barley Promising Lines to Water Deficit Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soleyman Mohammadi ◽  
Behzad Sorkhi Lalehloo ◽  
Mahdi Bayat ◽  
Soran Sharafi ◽  
Farshad Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Water Deficit Stress
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