Overexpression of a pepper CaERF5 gene in tobacco plants enhances resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lai ◽  
Fengfeng Dang ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Lu Yu ◽  
Jinhui Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Ethylene Response

ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORs (ERF) transcription factors (TFs) constitute a large transcriptional regulator family belonging to the AP2/ERF superfamily and are implicated in a range of biological processes. However, the specific roles of individual ERF family members in biotic or abiotic stress responses and the underlying molecular mechanism still need to be elucidated. In the present study, a cDNA encoding a member of ethylene response factor (ERF) transcription factor, CaERF5, was isolated from pepper. Sequence analysis showed that CaERF5 contains a typical 59 amino acid AP2/ERF DNA-binding domain, two highly conserved amino acid residues (14th alanine (A) and 19th aspartic acid (D)), a putative nuclear localisation signal (NLS), a CMIX-2 motif in the N-terminal region and two putative MAP kinase phosphorylation site CMIX-5 and CMIX-6 motifs. It belongs to group IXb of the ERF subfamily. A CaERF5-green fluorescence protein (GFP) fusion transiently expressed in onion epidermal cells localised to the nucleus. CaERF5 transcripts were induced by Ralstonia solanacearum infection, salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and ethephon (ETH) treatments. Constitutive expression of the CaERF5 gene in tobacco plants upregulated transcript levels of a set of defence- related genes and enhanced resistance to R. solanacearum infection. Our results suggest that CaERF5 acts as a positive regulator in plant resistance to R. solanacearum infection and show that overexpression of this transcription factor can be used as a tool to enhance disease resistance in crop species.

ADH2 expression is repressed by REG1 independently of mutations that alter the phosphorylation of the yeast transcription factor ADR1

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4391-4399
Author(s):  
K M Dombek ◽  
S Camier ◽  
E T Young
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Glucose Repression ◽  
Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Partial Activation ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Kinase Phosphorylation ◽  
Protein Kinase Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Dependent Pathway

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expression of the ADH2 gene is undetectable during growth on glucose. The transcription factor ADR1 is required to fully activate expression when glucose becomes depleted. Partial activation during growth on glucose occurred in cells carrying a constitutive allele of ADR1 in which the phosphorylatable serine of a cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site had been changed to alanine. When glucose was removed from the growth medium, a substantial increase in the level of this constitutive expression was observed for both the ADH2 gene and a reporter construct containing the ADR1 binding site. This suggests that glucose can block ADR1-mediated activation independently of cAMP-dependent phosphorylation at serine 230. REG1/HEX2/SRN1 was identified as a potential serine 230-independent repressor of ADH2 expression. Yeast strains carrying a deletion of the REG1 gene, reg1-1966, showed a large increase in ADR1-dependent expression of ADH2 during growth on glucose. A smaller increase in ADR1-independent expression was also observed. Additionally, an increase in the level of ADR1 expression and posttranslational modification of the ADR1 protein were observed. When the reg1-1966 allele was combined with various ADR1 constitutive alleles, the level of ADH2 expression was synergistically elevated. This indicates that REG1 can act independently of phosphorylation at serine 230. Our results suggest that glucose repression in the presence of ADR1 constitutive alleles occurs primarily through a REG1-dependent pathway which appears to affect ADH2 transcription at multiple levels.

scholarly journals Structural insights into DNA sequence recognition by Arabidopsis ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 96

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yen Chen ◽  
Pei-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Kun-Hung Chen ◽  
Yi-Sheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Recognition Sequence ◽  
Gcc Box ◽  
Sequence Recognition ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Α Helix

ABSTRACTThe phytohormone ethylene is widely involved in many developmental processes and is a crucial regulator of defense responses against biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Ethylene-responsive element binding protein (EREBP), a member of the APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily, is a transcription factor that regulates stress-responsive genes by recognizing a specific cis-acting element of target DNA. A previous study showed only the NMR structure of the AP2/ERF domain of AtERF100 in complex with a GCC box DNA motif. In this report, we determined the crystal structure of AtERF96 in complex with a GCC box at atomic resolution. We analyzed the binding residues of the conserved AP2/ERF domain in the DNA recognition sequence. In addition to the AP2/ERF domain, an N-terminal α-helix of AtERF96 participates in DNA interaction in the flanking region. We also demonstrated the structure of AtERF96 EDLL motif, a unique conserved motif in the group IX of AP2/ERF family, is critical for the transactivation of defense-related genes. Our study establishes the structural basis of the AtERF96 transcription factor in complex with the GCC box, as well as the DNA binding mechanisms of the N-terminal α-helix and AP2/ERF domain.

scholarly journals The Ethylene Response factor SmERF1 Improves Salinity Tolerance and Impacts Seed Size in Tobacco

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenping Hua ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Weiwei Kong ◽  
Zhezhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Ethylene response factor (ERF) proteins play vital roles in plant resistance and plant development. However, little is known about the ERF transcription factors of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which is a famous Chinese herb with good resistance to stress. Result Screened from our previous transcriptome data, SmERF1, an ERF transcript factor, was isolated from S. miltiorrhiza. SmERF1 had a single AP domain and was classified in the ERF E3 subfamily. SmERF1-expressing tobacco plants showed slower growth, less biomass and a decrease in chlorophyll only at the seedling stage, and there was no significant difference in other growth stages. In addition, seeds of tobacco plants with SmERF1 expression were smaller and lighter than those of wild plants, similar to some AP2 TFs. Under NaCl treatment, transgenic tobacco lines showed better tolerance to salinity, and the proline content, SOD and POD activities of transgenic lines were higher than those of wild-type plants, while MDA content was lower than that of wild-type plants. Furthermore, we determined the phytohormones related to plant resistance and showed that transgenic tobacco plants had higher ABA levels and lower GA levels than wild tobacco. The expression of SmERF1 regulated the expression of key enzyme genes related to plant hormone biosynthesis, such as NtSDR, NtGA20ox, NtACO and NtACS. Conclusions The SmERF1-expression in tobacco affect plant growth at seedling stage, and increase plant tolerance to salt. And the expression of SmERF1 cause tobacco seeds smaller and lighter. Our study suggested that SmERF1 enhanced tobacco tolerance to salt and impacted seed size through an ABA-dependent pathway.

scholarly journals Low-oxygen response is triggered by an ATP-dependent shift in oleoyl-CoA in Arabidopsis

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (51) ◽  
pp. E12101-E12110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romy R. Schmidt ◽  
Martin Fulda ◽  
Melanie V. Paul ◽  
Max Anders ◽  
Frederic Plum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Stress ◽  
Chain Acyl

Plant response to environmental stimuli involves integration of multiple signals. Upon low-oxygen stress, plants initiate a set of adaptive responses to circumvent an energy crisis. Here, we reveal how these stress responses are induced by combining (i) energy-dependent changes in the composition of the acyl-CoA pool and (ii) the cellular oxygen concentration. A hypoxia-induced decline of cellular ATP levels reduces LONG-CHAIN ACYL-COA SYNTHETASE activity, which leads to a shift in the composition of the acyl-CoA pool. Subsequently, we show that different acyl-CoAs induce unique molecular responses. Altogether, our data disclose a role for acyl-CoAs acting in a cellular signaling pathway in plants. Upon hypoxia, high oleoyl-CoA levels provide the initial trigger to release the transcription factor RAP2.12 from its interaction partner ACYL-COA BINDING PROTEIN at the plasma membrane. Subsequently, according to the N-end rule for proteasomal degradation, oxygen concentration-dependent stabilization of the subgroup VII ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTOR transcription factor RAP2.12 determines the level of hypoxia-specific gene expression. This research unveils a specific mechanism activating low-oxygen stress responses only when a decrease in the oxygen concentration coincides with a drop in energy.

scholarly journals The low oxygen, oxidative and osmotic stress responses synergistically act through the ethylene response factor VII genesRAP2.12,RAP2.2andRAP2.3

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 772-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Papdi ◽  
Imma Pérez-Salamó ◽  
Mary Prathiba Joseph ◽  
Beatrice Giuntoli ◽  
László Bögre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Ethylene Response

scholarly journals ROLE AND FUNCTION OF ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR IN DIFFERENT PLANTS UNDER MULTIPLE BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Akram ◽  
Farah Deeba ◽  
Maryam Zain ◽  
Nadia Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ethylene Response Factor ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Ethylene Response

Abiotic and biotic stresses are the causes of drastic changes in plants growth and development.These stresses effect crop production and quality, thus result is in economic lose and food insecurity. Many factors play vital role in regulating growth of plants along with developmental pathways during biotic and abiotic stresses. Transcription factors are proteins that control physiological, developmental and stress responses in plants. Ethylene response factors belong to the biggest family of transcription factors, known to participate in various stress tolerance like drought, heat, salt and cold. They are significant regulators of plant gene expression. The objective of this review is to present how ethylene response factor family proteins became the focus of stress tolerance as well as the development and growth of plants.

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