Aerenchyma formation: programmed cell death in adventitious roots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) under waterlogging

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Jiang ◽  
Xue-Fang Song ◽  
Zhu-Qing Zhou ◽  
Li-Kai Wang ◽  
Ji-Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Cortical Cell ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Acid Phosphatases ◽  
Aerenchyma Formation

This study determined the characteristics of cortical cell death in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots during programmed cell death (PCD) and the relationship between PCD and acid phosphatases. An examination of morphological development by light microscrope revealed that aerenchyma formed in roots waterlogged for 24 h and well developed aerenchyma formed in roots waterlogged for 120 h. The first detectable events were observed by electron microscopy and included plasma membrane invagination and the appearance of vesicles between the plasma membrane and the cell wall. Later, chromatin condensation and double-membrane-bound structures resembling autophagosomes were observed. The activity of acid phosphatases gradually increased during waterlogging and was present during the entire process of cell death. These observations suggest that cortical cell death during aerenchyma formation induced by waterlogging was a form of PCD. Acid phosphatases play an important role in PCD induced by waterlogging, being responsible for the hydrolysis of cell components at the later stages of PCD.

Evidence of ceased programmed cell death in metaphloem sieve elements in the developing caryopsis of Triticum aestivum L.

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 234 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Likai Wang ◽  
Zhuqing Zhou ◽  
Xuefang Song ◽  
Jiwei Li ◽  
Xiangyi Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Sieve Elements

Programmed cell death in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) endosperm cells is affected by drought stress

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 255 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Bingbing Wang ◽  
Runqi Zhang ◽  
Kaiyong Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

Study on programmed cell death and dynamic changes of starch accumulation in pericarp cells of Triticum aestivum L.*

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 236 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuqing Zhou ◽  
Likai Wang ◽  
Jiwei Li ◽  
Xuefang Song ◽  
Chaonan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Dynamic Changes

The release of cytochrome c and the regulation of the programmed cell death progress in the endosperm of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 255 (6) ◽  
pp. 1651-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Hong Qi ◽  
Fang-Fang Mao ◽  
Zhu-Qing Zhou ◽  
Dong-Cheng Liu ◽  
Min-Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

scholarly journals Hypoxia-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Root-Tip Meristematic Cells of Triticum aestivum L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Nan Pang ◽  
Feixiong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Nuclear Condensation ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Meristematic Cells

Abstract In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots were treated with hypoxic water. The staining of cell preparations with DAPI revealed morphological changes of the cells such as nuclear condensation, deformation and fragmentation. Under TEM, cellular membrane shrinkage and breakage, chromatin condensation and apoptotic-like bodies were displayed. The number of mitochondria increased dramatically; their cristae were damaged; the interior became a cavitation and only some flocculent materials were distributed. Indirect immunofluorescence staining indicated that cytochrome C diffused from mitochondria to nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. TUNEL positive nuclei indicated double strand breaks of DNA. DAB staining was used for the identification of hydrogen peroxide and examination showed that the longer the treating time, the darker the staining of the meristematic zones of the roots which suggested the increased accumulation of these Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The elevation of hydrogen peroxide production was paralleled with the increase of SOD and POD activities. A negative correlation between the exposure time under hypoxia and the contents of soluble proteins was found. No obvious effect of hypoxia on MDA was established. The obtained results demonstrate that hypoxia causes programmed cell death in the root-tip meristematic cells of Triticum aestivum L. which is most probably attributed to the accumulation of large amounts of ROS.

Effects of waterlogging on amyloplasts and programmed cell death in endosperm cells of Triticum aestivum L.

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 250 (5) ◽  
pp. 1091-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yan Fan ◽  
Zhu-Qing Zhou ◽  
Chao-Nan Yang ◽  
Zhen Jiang ◽  
Jin-Tao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

scholarly journals An Early and Robust Activation of Caspases Heads Cells for a Regulated Form of Necrotic-like Cell Death

2015 ◽  
Vol 290 (34) ◽  
pp. 20841-20855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercè Garcia-Belinchón ◽  
María Sánchez-Osuna ◽  
Laura Martínez-Escardó ◽  
Carla Granados-Colomina ◽  
Sònia Pascual-Guiral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Biochemical Network ◽  
Display Type ◽  
Nuclear Morphology ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Caspase Activation ◽  
Membrane Leakage ◽  
Nuclear Alterations

Apoptosis is triggered by the activation of caspases and characterized by chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation (type II nuclear morphology). Necrosis is depicted by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane leakage, and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. Although considered as different cell death entities, there is an overlap between apoptosis and necrosis. In this sense, mounting evidence suggests that both processes can be morphological expressions of a common biochemical network known as “apoptosis-necrosis continuum.” To gain insight into the events driving the apoptosis-necrosis continuum, apoptotically proficient cells were screened facing several apoptotic inducers for the absence of type II apoptotic nuclear morphologies. Chelerythrine was selected for further studies based on its cytotoxicity and the lack of apoptotic nuclear alterations. Chelerythrine triggered an early plasma membrane leakage without condensed chromatin aggregates. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that chelerythrine-mediated cytotoxicity was compatible with a necrotic-like type of cell death. Biochemically, chelerythrine induced the activation of caspases. Moreover, the inhibition of caspases prevented chelerythrine-triggered necrotic-like cell death. Compared with staurosporine, chelerythrine induced stronger caspase activation detectable at earlier times. After using a battery of chemicals, we found that high concentrations of thiolic antioxidants fully prevented chelerythrine-driven caspase activation and necrotic-like cell death. Lower amounts of thiolic antioxidants partially prevented chelerythrine-mediated cytotoxicity and allowed cells to display type II apoptotic nuclear morphology correlating with a delay in caspase-3 activation. Altogether, these data support that an early and pronounced activation of caspases can drive cells to undergo a form of necrotic-like regulated cell death.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of programmed cell death

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
Abdu-Alhameed A Ali Azzwali ◽  
 Azab Elsayed Azab
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Cell Shrinkage ◽  
Membrane Blebbing ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
Nuclear Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Dependent Pathway

The present review aims to spotlight on the mechanisms and stages of programmed cell death. Apoptosis, known as programmed cell death, is a homeostatic mechanism that generally occurs during development and aging in order to keep cells in tissue. It can also act as a protective mechanism, for example, in immune response or if cells are damaged by toxin agents or diseases. In cancer treatment, drugs and irradiation used in chemotherapy leads to DNA damage, which results in triggering apoptosis through the p53 dependent pathway in cancer treatment, drugs and irradiation used in chemotherapy leads to DNA damage, which results in triggering apoptosis through the p53 dependent pathway. Corticosteroids can cause apoptotic death in a number of cells. A number of changes in cell morphology are related to the different stages of apoptosis, which includes nuclear DNA fragmentation, cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, membrane blebbing, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. There are three pathways for apoptosis, the intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (death receptor) are the two major paths that are interlinked and that can effect one another. Conclusion: It can be concluded that apoptosis is a homeostatic mechanism that generally occurs during development and aging in order to keep cells in tissue. Drugs and irradiation used in chemotherapy leads to DNA damage, which results in triggering apoptosis through the p53 dependent pathway. The apoptosis, stages are includes nuclear DNA fragmentation, cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, membrane blebbing, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. There are three pathways for apoptosis.

scholarly journals Role of Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin in the Surface Localization of Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma LS180 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 864
Author(s):  
Takuro Kobori ◽  
Chihiro Tanaka ◽  
Mayuka Tameishi ◽  
Yoko Urashima ◽  
Takuya Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Scaffold Proteins ◽  
Membrane Localization ◽  
Erm Proteins ◽  
Plasma Membrane Localization

Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint protein highly expressed on the cell surface in various cancer cell types, binds to programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), leading to T-cell dysfunction and tumor survival. Despite clinical successes of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies, patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) receive little benefit because most cases respond poorly. Because high PD-L1 expression is associated with immune evasion and poor prognosis in CRC patients, identifying potential modulators for the plasma membrane localization of PD-L1 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for enhancing the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies. Here, we investigated whether PD-L1 expression in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (LS180) is affected by ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM), functioning as scaffold proteins that crosslink plasma membrane proteins with the actin cytoskeleton. We observed colocalization of PD-L1 with all three ERM proteins in the plasma membrane and detected interactions involving PD-L1, the three ERM proteins, and the actin cytoskeleton. Furthermore, gene silencing of ezrin and radixin, but not of moesin, substantially decreased the expression of PD-L1 on the cell surface without affecting its mRNA level. Thus, in LS180 cells, ezrin and radixin may function as scaffold proteins mediating the plasma membrane localization of PD-L1, possibly by post-translational modification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document