Photosynthetic responses of three C4 grasses of different metabolic subtypes to water deficit

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana E. Carmo-Silva ◽  
Ana S. Soares ◽  
Jorge Marques da Silva ◽  
Anabela Bernardes da Silva ◽  
Alfred J. Keys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase

C4 plants are considered to be less sensitive to drought than C3 plants because of their CO2 concentrating mechanism. The C4 grasses, Paspalum dilatatum Poiret (NADP-ME), Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers (NAD-ME) and Zoysia japonica Steudel (PEPCK) were compared in their response to water deficit imposed by the addition of polyethylene glycol to the nutrient solution in which they were grown. The effects of drought on leaf relative water content (RWC), net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, carboxylating enzyme activities and chlorophyll a fluorescence were investigated. In C. dactylon the RWC was more sensitive, but the photosynthetic activity was less sensitive, to water deficit than in P. dilatatum and Z. japonica. The decrease of photosynthesis in P. dilatatum under water deficit was not closely related to the activities of the carboxylating enzymes or to chlorophyll a fluorescence. However, decreased activities of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, in addition to decreased stomatal conductance, may have contributed to the decrease of photosynthesis with drought in C. dactylon and Z. japonica. The different responses to water deficit are discussed in relation to the natural habitats of C4 grasses.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll a fluorescence as an indicator of water stress in Calophyllum brasiliense

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas C. REIS ◽  
Silvana P.Q. SCALON ◽  
Daiane DRESCH ◽  
Andressa Caroline FORESTI ◽  
Cleberton C. SANTOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Calophyllum Brasiliense ◽  
And Function

The objective of this study was to evaluate chlorophyll a fluorescence as a stress indicator in Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess seedlings grown with different concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) under intermittent water deficit condition: daily irrigation without ABA (I); daily irrigation + 10 μM ABA (I 10); daily irrigation + 100 μM ABA (I 100); suspension of daily irrigation without ABA (SI); suspension of daily irrigation + 10 μM ABA (SI 10) and  suspension of daily irrigation + 100 μM ABA (SI 100). The intermittent water deficit reduces water status and impairs the photochemical apparatus functioning and seedling quality. The fluorescence measurements helped identify the stress condition of water deficit in the cultivation of C. brasiliense and the beneficial effect of the application of 10 μM of ABA in minimizing stress and facilitating the recovery of seedlings after re-irrigation, while maintaining the integrity and function of the photosynthetic apparatus.

Responses of Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase, Protein Content, and Stomatal Conductance to Water Deficit in Maize, Tomato, and Bean

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Castrillo ◽  
D. Fernandez ◽  
A.M. Calcagno ◽  
I. Trujillo ◽  
L. Guenni
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase

scholarly journals Chlorophyll a fluorescence and development of zucchini plants under nitrogen and silicon fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Jackson De Mesquita Alves ◽  
Alex Serafim De Lima ◽  
Francisco Romário Andrade Figueiredo ◽  
Toshik Iarley Da Silva ◽  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Silicon Fertilization ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Semi Arid Region

Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) has a great economic and productive potential in the semi-arid region of Brazil, due to the wide acceptance by consumers and quick financial return. The nitrate (NO3-) assimilation process in C3 plants such as zucchini is related to photorespiration, and Si accumulated near the stomata reduces the transpiration rate, making the photosynthesis cycle more efficient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between nitrogen and silicon fertilization ongrowth, chlorophyll index, and chlorophyll a fluorescence of zucchini plants. The treatments were distributed in a split-plot scheme in a randomized block design with three replicates. The plot was arranged by silicon levels (0 and 6 g/plant) and the subplots constituted by five nitrogen levels (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1). Leaf, stem and total dry masses, chlorophylla, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b ratio and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated. The highest dry matter productions in zucchini were obtained in treatments without Si. Si and N application together positively influences the chlorophyll a/b ratio of zucchini plants. The interaction between Si and N positively influences the maximum fluorescence, variable fluorescence and quantum yield of photosystemII of zucchini plants.

scholarly journals Parameterization of a coupled CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O gas exchange model at the leaf scale of <i>Populus euphratica</i>

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Zhu ◽  
X. Li ◽  
Y. H. Su ◽  
C. L. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Electron Transport Rate ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Diurnal Patterns

Abstract. The following two models were combined to simultaneously predict CO2 and H2O gas exchange at the leaf scale of Populus euphratica: a Farquhar et al. type biochemical sub-model of photosynthesis (Farquhar et al., 1980) and a Ball et al. type stomatal conductance sub-model (Ball et al., 1987). The photosynthesis parameters [including maximum carboxylation rate allowed by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) carboxylation rate (Vcmax), potential light-saturated electron transport rate (Jmax), triose phosphate utilization (TPU) and day respiration (Rd)] were determined by using the genetic algorithm (GA) method based on A/Ci data. Values of Vcmax and Jmax standardized at 25 °C were 75.09±1.36 (mean ± standard error), 117.27±2.47, respectively. The stomatal conductance sub-model was calibrated independently. Prediction of net photosynthesis by the coupled model agreed well with the validation data, but the model tended to underestimate transpiration rates. Overall, the combined model generally captured the diurnal patterns of CO2 and H2O exchange resulting from variation in temperature and irradiation.

scholarly journals Parameterization of the coupling CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O gas exchange model at the leaf scale of <i>Populus euphratica</i> tree

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 6503-6534
Author(s):  
G. Zhu ◽  
X. Li ◽  
Y. Su ◽  
C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Ribulose 1

Abstract. The following two models were combined to predict simultaneously CO2 and H2O gas exchange at the leaf scale of Populus euphratica: a Farquhar et al. type biochemical sub-model of photosynthesis (Farquhar et al., 1980) and a Ball et al. type stomatal conductance sub-model (Ball et al., 1987). The photosynthesis parameters, Vcmax, Jmax, TPU, and Rd (maximum carboxylation rate allowed by ribulose 1·5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), rate of phosynthetic electron transport, triose phosphate use, and day respiration) at the measurement temperature were determined by using the genetic algorithm (GA) method based on A/Ci data sets. The stomatal conductance sub-model was calibrated independently. Prediction of net photosynthesis by the coupled model agreed well with the validation data, but the model tended to underestimate rates of transpiration. Overall, the combined model generally captured the diurnal patterns of CO2and H2O exchange resulting from variation in temperature and irradiation.

Diurnal patterns of chlorophyll a fluorescence and stomatal conductance in species of two types of coastal tree vegetation in southeastern Brazil

Trees ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo A. de Mattos ◽  
T. E. E. Grams ◽  
Erika Ball ◽  
Augusto C. Franco ◽  
A. Haag-Kerwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Diurnal Patterns

scholarly journals Comparative stomatal conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence in leaves vs. fruits of the cerrado legume tree, Dalbergia miscolobium

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pires de Lemos Filho ◽  
Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Electron Transport Rate ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Effective Quantum Yield ◽  
Quantum Yield Of Psii ◽  
Chronic Photoinhibition

The aim of this study was to compare water vapor conductance and chlorophyll a fluorescence between leaflets and fruits of Dalbergia miscolobium, the Jacaranda tree. The frequency of stomata on the leaflets was 20 times higher than that observed on the fruits, and this was related with the lower conductance of the fruits in comparison with the leaflets. The potential quantum yield of PSII (Fv /Fmax) was significantly lower in fruits than in leaflets. The Fv /Fmax values for leaflets increased to over 0.8 during the afternoon, indicating the occurrence of dynamic photoinhibition. In contrast, Fv /Fmax values for fruits remained low even at early morning, indicating the occurrence of chronic photoinhibition. The maximum values of effective quantum yield (deltaF/F'm), and of the apparent electron transport rate (ETRmax) were higher in leaflets than in fruits. It was concluded that, like other green tissues, the pericarp of D. miscolobium was photosynthetically active, and therefore can contribute to the maintenance of the fruits and/or to the development of the seeds.

Electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll a fluorescence among castor bean cultivars under induced water deficit

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula de Faria ◽  
José Pires Lemos-Filho ◽  
Luzia Valentina Modolo ◽  
Marcel Giovanni Costa França
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Castor Bean

scholarly journals TROCAS GASOSAS E EFICIÊNCIA FOTOQUÍMICA DO GERGELIM SOB ESTRESSE SALINO E ADUBAÇÃO COM NITRATO-AMÔNIO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adaan Sudário Dias ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Pedro Dantas Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Leaf Transpiration

TROCAS GASOSAS E EFICIÊNCIA FOTOQUÍMICA DO GERGELIM SOB ESTRESSE SALINO E ADUBAÇÃO COM NITRATO-AMÔNIO     ADAAN SUDÁRIO DIAS1; GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA2; HANS RAJ GHEYI3; REGINALDO GOMES NOBRE4; PEDRO DANTAS FERNANDES5 E FRANCISCO ALVES DA SILVA6   1Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, UFCG, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 -Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, [email protected] 2Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, UFCG, Rua Jario Vieira Feitosa, 1770, Bairro dos Pereiros, Pombal, PB, [email protected] 3Núcleo de Engenharia de Água e Solo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB, Rua Rui Barbosa,710 -Centro, Cruz das Almas, BA. [email protected] 4Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, UFERSA, Avenida Universitária Leto Fernandes, km 01, Sitio Esperança II, Zona Rural Caraúbas, RN, [email protected] 5Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, UFCG, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882 -Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, [email protected] 6Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, UFCG, Rua Jario Vieira Feitosa, 1770, Bairro dos Pereiros, Pombal, PB, [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Na região semiárida a qualidade da água usada na irrigação varia tanto em termos geográficos quanto ao longo do ano, sendo comum a ocorrência de águas com elevada concentração de sais, evidenciando a necessidade de pesquisas visando à obtenção de tecnologias que possam minimizar os efeitos deletérios da salinidade às plantas. Deste modo, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas e a fluorescência da clorofila a do gergelim cv. CNPA G3 irrigado com águas salinizadas e adubação com diferentes combinações de nitrato e amônio. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos adaptados como lisímetros em condições de casa-de-vegetação no município de Campina Grande, PB. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5 x 5, sendo cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,6; 1,2; 1,8; 2,4 e 3,0 dS m-1) e cinco combinações de nitrato-NO3- e amônio-NH4+ (200:0; 150:50; 100:100; 50:150; 0:200 mg de N kg-1 de solo), com três repetições. A salinidade da água de irrigação a partir de 0,6 dS m-1 promoveu depleção nas trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a do gergelim cv. CNPA G3; a adubação com nitrogênio na forma amoniacal (0/200 NO3-/NH4+) proporcionou efeito negativo sobre a condutância estomática, transpiração foliar e a eficiência quântica potencial do gergelim; o fornecimento de N na forma mista, sobretudo, nas plantas irrigadas com água de elevada salinidade, promoveu incremento na concentração interna de CO2. Houve interação significativa entre os níveis salinos e as combinações de nitrato e amônio para condutância estomática, transpiração foliar e eficiência quântica potencial do gergelim cv. CNPA G3.   Palavras-chave: Sesamum indicum L., Qualidade de água. N-NH4+, N-NO3-, Fotossíntese.       DIAS, A. S.; LIMA, G. S. de; GHEYI, H. R.; NOBRE, R. G.; FERNANDES, P. D.; SILVA, F. A. da GAS EXCHANGE AND PHOTOCHEMICAL EFFICIENCY OF SESAME UNDER SALINE STRESS AND NITRATE-AMMONIUM FERTILIZATION     2 ABSTRACT   In the semiarid region the quality of water used for irrigation varies both geographically and during the year, and water with high salt concentration is a common occurrence, indicating the need for research to find technologies that can minimize the deleterious effects of salinity on plants. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence of sesame cv. CNPA G3 irrigated with saline water and fertilized with different combinations of nitrate and ammonium. The experiment was conducted in lysimeters under greenhouse conditions in the municipality of Campina Grande, PB. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, in a 5 x 5 factorial scheme, with five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water-ECw (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and five combinations of nitrate-NO3- and ammonium-NH4+ (200:0, 150:50, 100:100, 50:150, 0:200 mg of N kg-1 of soil), with three replicates. The salinity of irrigation water from 0.6 dS m-1 promoted depletion in gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence of sesame cv. CNPA G3; fertilization with nitrogen in  ammoniacal form (0/200 NO3-/NH4+) affected negatively stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and potential quantum efficiency of sesame; the supply of N in mixed form, especially in plants irrigated with high salinity water, promoted increase in internal CO2 concentration. There was significant interaction between saline levels and nitrate and ammonium combinations for stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and quantum efficiency of sesame cv. CNPA G3.   Keywords: Sesamum indicum L. Water quality. N-NH4+, N-NO3-. Photosynthesis.

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