Ecological factors affecting the accumulation and speciation of arsenic in twelve Australian coastal bivalve molluscs

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Maher ◽  
Joel Waring ◽  
Frank Krikowa ◽  
Elliott Duncan ◽  
Simon Foster
Keyword(s):  
Food Webs ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Deposit Feeders

Environmental contextKnowledge of the pathways by which arsenic is accumulated and transferred in marine ecosystems is scarce. Molluscs are important keystone organisms providing a link between primary producers (micro and macroalgae) and higher trophic levels such as fish. The present study examines the accumulation and species of arsenic in common bivalve molluscs from south-east Australia to understand the cycling of arsenic in marine food webs. AbstractThe present paper reports the whole-tissue total arsenic concentrations and water-soluble arsenic species in 12 common coastal Australian bivalve mollusc species. Mean arsenic concentrations ranged from 18 to 57 µg g−1 dry mass. Planktivores had significantly less arsenic (20–40 µg g−1; 22 ± 3 µg g−1) than did suspension and deposit feeders (36–57 µg g−1; 43 ± 7 µg g−1), with those associated with fine clay–silt sediments (49 ± 7 µg g−1) having significantly more arsenic than those associated with sand substrates (31 ± 11 µg g−1 ). Most planktivores and suspension feeders had similar arsenic species, with high proportions of arsenobetaine (AB) (64–92 %) and relatively low proportions of other arsenic species (0.55–15.8 %). Lower proportions of AB (13–57 %) and larger proportions of inorganic arsenic (6–7 %) were found in deposit feeders, reflecting increased exposure to inorganic arsenic in sediments. The study indicated that at lower trophic levels, organisms feed on algae and suspended matter containing a range of arsenic species including arsenosugars and AB. The implications for arsenic cycling are that as all bivalve molluscs accumulate AB and are a source of AB in benthic food webs. Because all bivalve molluscs also contained appreciable concentrations of arsenoriboses, precursors are present for the de novo synthesis of AB. As well, deposit feeders have higher proportions of inorganic arsenic that can be metabolised to different end products when ingested by higher trophic organisms

scholarly journals Soluble Inorganic Arsenic Species in Atmospheric Submicron Particles in Two Polish Urban Background Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nocoń ◽  
Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska ◽  
Grzegorz Majewski ◽  
Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Submicron Particles ◽  
Traffic Emission ◽  
Urban Background

This paper presents results of the research on soluble inorganic As(III) and As(V) bound to submicron atmospheric particles (PM1) in two Polish urban background sites (Zabrze and Warsaw). The purpose of the research was to give some insight on the susceptibility to leaching of PM1-bound arsenic species from easily water-soluble compounds, i.e., considered potentially bioavailable based on its daily and seasonal changes. Quantitative analysis for 120 PM1 samples (collected from 24 June 2014 to 8 March 2015) was performed by using a high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The mean seasonal concentrations of dominant soluble As specie—As(V)—ranged from 0.27 ng/m3 in the summer season in Warsaw to 2.41 ng/m3 in the winter season in Zabrze. Its mean mass shares in total As were 44% in Warsaw and 75% in Zabrze in the winter and 18% and 48%, respectively, in the summer. Obtained results indicated fossil fuel combustion as the main source of PM1-bound As(V) and road traffic emission as its minor sources. In opposite to As(V), soluble As(III) was not clearly seasonally variable. In both seasons, its mean concentrations were higher in Zabrze than in Warsaw. As(III) concentrations were not preferentially shaped by an exact emission from road traffic in both cities.

Distribution of arsenic species in an open seagrass ecosystem: relationship to trophic groups, habitats and feeding zones

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Price ◽  
W. Maher ◽  
J. Kirby ◽  
F. Krikowa ◽  
E. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Arsenic Source

Environmental contextAlthough arsenic occurs at high concentrations in many marine systems, the influencing factors are poorly understood. The arsenic content of sediments, detritus, suspended particles and organisms have been investigated from different trophic levels in an open seagrass ecosystem. Total arsenic concentrations and arsenic species were organism-specific and determined by a variety of factors including exposure, diet and the organism physiology. AbstractThe distribution and speciation of arsenic within an open marine seagrass ecosystem in Lake Macquarie, NSW, Australia is described. Twenty-six estuarine species were collected from five trophic groups (autotrophs, suspension-feeders, herbivores, detritivores and omnivores, and carnivores). Sediment, detritus, epibiota and micro-invertebrates were also collected and were classified as arsenic source samples. There were no significant differences in arsenic concentrations between trophic groups and between pelagic and benthic feeders. Benthic-dwelling species generally contained higher arsenic concentrations than pelagic-dwelling species. Sediments, seagrass blades and detritus contained mostly inorganic arsenic (50–90 %) and arsenoribosides (10–26 %), with some methylarsonate (9.4–14.6 %) and dimethyarsinate (7.9–9.7 %) in seagrass blades and detritus. Macroalgae contained mostly arsenoribosides (40–100 %). Epibiota and other animals contained predominately arsenobetaine (63–100 %) and varying amounts of dimethyarsinate (0–26 %), monomethyarsonate (0–14.6 %), inorganic arsenic (0–2 %), trimethylarsenic oxide (0–6.6 %), arsenocholine (0–12 %) and tetramethylarsonium ion (0–4.5 %). It was concluded that arsenic concentrations and species within the organisms of the Lake Macquarie ecosystem are species-specific and determined by a variety of factors including exposure, diet and the physiology of the organisms.

Occurrence and Speciation of Arsenic in Common Australian Coastal Polychaete Species

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Waring ◽  
William Maher ◽  
Simon Foster ◽  
Frank Krikowa
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dimethylarsinic Acid ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Compounds ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Polychaete Species ◽  
Deposit Feeders

Environmental Context. In well-oxygenated water and sediments, nearly all arsenic is present as arsenate (AsO43−). As arsenate is a phosphate (PO43−) analogue, organisms living in arsenate-rich environments must acquire the nutrient phosphorus yet avoid arsenic toxicity. Organisms take in and transform arsenic compounds by many means. Three major modes of arsenic biotransformation have been found to occur in the environment—redox transformation between arsenate and arsenite (AsO2−), the reduction and methylation of arsenic, and the biosynthesis of organoarsenic compounds such as arsenobetaine. These biotransformations lead to biogeochemical cycling of arsenic compounds and bioconcentration of arsenic in aquatic organisms and thence into the food web. Abstract. The paper reports the whole-tissue total arsenic concentrations and water-soluble arsenic species in eight common coastal Australian polychaete species. Laboratory experiments showed the period of depuration did not significantly alter the whole-tissue total arsenic concentrations in the two estuarine polychaete species tested. Significant differences were found between the whole-tissue total arsenic concentrations of the eight polychaete species (mean arsenic concentrations ranged from 18 to 101 µg g−1 dry mass). Total arsenic concentrations in polychaete species, grouped on the basis of a combination of their feeding guild and habitat type, were also significantly different with a significant interaction between these factors indicating that both factors simultaneously influence arsenic concentration in polychaetes. A large number of polychaete species contained similar arsenic species with high proportions of arsenobetaine (AB; 57–88%) and relatively low proportions of As3+, As5+, methyarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, arsenocholine, trimethylarsoniopropionate, and tetramethylarsonium ion (not detected to 12%). All polychaete species contained arsenoribosides (5–30%). This study identified two Australian polychaete species with particularly unusual whole-tissue water-soluble arsenic species proportions: Australonuphis parateres contained a very high proportion of trimethylarsoniopropionate (~33%), while Notomastus estuarius had a very low proportion of arsenobetaine (9%) and high proportions of As3+ (~30%), As5+ (~8%), arsenoribosides (30%), and an unknown anionic arsenic species (~4%). Most polychaetes accumulate arsenobetaine, except deposit feeders inhabiting estuarine mud habitats. Thus most polychaetes, which are prey for higher organisms, are a source of arsenobetaine in benthic food webs. Deposit feeders inhabiting estuarine muddy substrates contain appreciable quantities of inorganic arsenic and arsenoribosides that may be metabolized to different end products in higher organisms.

Arsenic distribution and species in two Zostera capricorni seagrass ecosystems, New South Wales, Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Maher ◽  
Simon D. Foster ◽  
Anne M. Taylor ◽  
Frank Krikowa ◽  
Elliot G. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Nitrogen Isotopes ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Arsenic Distribution ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystems ◽  
Zostera Capricorni

Environmental context Arsenic concentrations and species were determined in seagrass ecosystems where the food web was established using carbon and nitrogen isotopes. There was a clear increase in the proportion of arsenobetaine in tissues of higher trophic level organisms, which is attributed to an increasing arsenobetaine content of the diet and the more efficient assimilation and retention of arsenobetaine over other arsenic species. The results provide an explanation for the prominence of arsenobetaine in higher marine animals. Abstract Arsenic concentrations and species were compared in biota from two Zostera capricorni ecosystems. Mean arsenic concentrations were not significantly different for non‐vegetative sediment, rhizosphere sediment, Z. capricorni blades, roots, rhizomes, epiphytes, amphipods, polychaetes, molluscs, crustaceans and fish, but were significantly different in detritus. Sediments and plant tissues contained mostly inorganic arsenic and PO4–arsenoriboside. Detritus contained mostly PO4–arsenoriboside. Fish tissues contained predominately arsenobetaine. Other animals had lower proportions of arsenobetaine and variable quantities of minor arsenic species. Bioconcentration but not biomagnification of arsenic is occurring with no evidence of arsenic hyper accumulation. The proportion of arsenobetaine increases through the food web and is attributed to a shift from a mixed diet at lower trophic levels to animals containing mostly arsenobetaine at higher trophic levels and the more efficient retention of arsenobetaine, compared to other arsenic species.

Quantifying Inorganic Arsenic and Other Water-Soluble Arsenic Species in Human Milk by HPLC/ICPMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 6265-6271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Stiboller ◽  
Georg Raber ◽  
Elin Lovise Folven Gjengedal ◽  
Merete Eggesbø ◽  
Kevin A. Francesconi
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Water Soluble

scholarly journals Elevated temperature and browning increase dietary methylmercury, but decrease essential fatty acids at the base of lake food webs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pianpian Wu ◽  
Martin J. Kainz ◽  
Fernando Valdés ◽  
Siwen Zheng ◽  
Katharina Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Essential Nutrients ◽  
Aquatic Food Webs ◽  
Aquatic Food

AbstractClimate change scenarios predict increases in temperature and organic matter supply from land to water, which affect trophic transfer of nutrients and contaminants in aquatic food webs. How essential nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and potentially toxic contaminants, such as methylmercury (MeHg), at the base of aquatic food webs will be affected under climate change scenarios, remains unclear. The objective of this outdoor mesocosm study was to examine how increased water temperature and terrestrially-derived dissolved organic matter supply (tDOM; i.e., lake browning), and the interaction of both, will influence MeHg and PUFA in organisms at the base of food webs (i.e. seston; the most edible plankton size for zooplankton) in subalpine lake ecosystems. The interaction of higher temperature and tDOM increased the burden of MeHg in seston (< 40 μm) and larger sized plankton (microplankton; 40–200 μm), while the MeHg content per unit biomass remained stable. However, PUFA decreased in seston, but increased in microplankton, consisting mainly of filamentous algae, which are less readily bioavailable to zooplankton. We revealed elevated dietary exposure to MeHg, yet decreased supply of dietary PUFA to aquatic consumers with increasing temperature and tDOM supply. This experimental study provides evidence that the overall food quality at the base of aquatic food webs deteriorates during ongoing climate change scenarios by increasing the supply of toxic MeHg and lowering the dietary access to essential nutrients of consumers at higher trophic levels.

scholarly journals Total arsenic and water-soluble arsenic species in foods of the first German total diet study (BfR MEAL Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 128913
Author(s):  
Christin Hackethal ◽  
Johannes F. Kopp ◽  
Irmela Sarvan ◽  
Tanja Schwerdtle ◽  
Oliver Lindtner
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
Meal Study

scholarly journals Raw and Fermented Alfalfa Brown Juice Induces Changes in the Germination and Development of French Marigold (Tagetes patula L.) Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076
Author(s):  
Döme Barna ◽  
Szilvia Kisvarga ◽  
Szilvia Kovács ◽  
Gábor Csatári ◽  
Ibolya O. Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Horticultural Practice ◽  
Brown Juice

Organic and ecological farming programs require new and efficient biostimulants with beneficial properties for the sustainable and safe production of seedlings and ornamental plants. We examined the effect of non-fermented and lacto-fermented alfalfa brown juice (BJ) on seed germination and the vegetative, physiological, and anatomical properties of French marigold (Tagetes patula L. ‘Csemő’) plants which were treated with 0.5–10% fermented and non-fermented BJ, with tap water applied as a control. Applying 0.5% fermented BJ significantly improved seed germination compared with non-fermented BJ, resulting in an increase of 9.6, 11.2, 10.9, and 41.7% in the final germination percent, germination rate index, germination index, and vigor index, respectively. In addition, it increased the root and shoot length by 7.9 and 16.1%, respectively, root and shoot dry mass by 20 and 47.6%, respectively, and the number of leaves by 28.8% compared to the control. Furthermore, an increase in contents of water-soluble phenol, chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid was reported upon the application of 0.5% fermented BJ, while peroxidase activity decreased. Our results prove that alfalfa BJ can be enrolled as a biostimulant as part of the circular farming approach which supports the sustainable horticultural practice.

scholarly journals The sorption of inorganic arsenic on modified sepiolite: Effect of hydrated iron(III)-oxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Ilic ◽  
Slavica Lazarevic ◽  
Vladana Rajakovic-Ognjanovic ◽  
Ljubinka Rajakovic ◽  
Djordje Janackovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The sorption of inorganic arsenic species, As(III) and As(V), from water by sepiolite modified with hydrated iron(III) oxide was investigated at 25 ?C through batch studies. The influence of the initial pH value, the initial As concentrations, the contact time and types of water on the sorption capacity was investigated. Two types of water were used, deionized and groundwater. The maximal sorption capacity for As(III) from deionized water was observed at initial and final pH value 7.0, while the bonding of As(V) was observed to be almost pH independent for pH value in the range from 2.0 to 7.0, and the significant decrease in the sorption capacity was observed at pH values above 7.0. The sorption capacity at initial pH 7.0 was about 10 mg g?1 for As(III) and 4.2 mg g?1 for As(V) in deionized water. The capacity in groundwater was decreased by 40 % for As(III) and by 20 % for As(V). The Langmuir model and pseudo-second order kinetic model revealed good agreement with the experimental results. The results show that Fe(III)-modified sepiolite exhibits significant affinity for arsenic removal and it has a potential for the application in water purification processes.

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