Offset Dependent Static Corrections on a Continental Shelf Edge 3D Seismic Survey

1991 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
M. G. Cousins ◽  
P. M. Whiting ◽  
A. M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Shelf Edge ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Static Corrections

Sand curve facelift: Empirical to polynomial model and the effect on the tomogram

Geophysics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. U37-U48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Bridle
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Theoretical Curve ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Variable Success ◽  
Static Corrections ◽  
The Relationship

An empirical thickness versus time relationship sand curve has been established in the Rub’ al-Khali desert and verified by a theoretical curve from the direct measurements of sand. The empirical sand curve has variable success in other areas of Saudi Arabia. We established a theoretical sand curve model to determine the single-way time in dry sand. Tomographic modeling of a higher resolution 3D seismic survey contributes more data to refine the relationship. Polynomial curves were used in the calculation of near-surface static corrections to improve the solution for low-relief structures.

scholarly journals The Lancaster Field: progress in opening the UK's fractured basement play

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Belaidi ◽  
D. A. Bonter ◽  
C. Slightam ◽  
R. C. Trice
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Technical Progress ◽  
Crystalline Basement ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Basement Reservoirs ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Untapped Resource

AbstractTo date, fractured crystalline basement reservoirs (basement) on the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) have largely been underexplored, despite the fact that numerous indications of hydrocarbons have been reported from basement in wells dating back to the 1970s. As production from the UKCS continues to decline, and with the exploration potential of more traditional plays becoming increasingly mature, the potential of the overlooked and underrated basement play warrants further exploration. Over the last 10 years, Hurricane Energy (Hurricane) have deliberately set out to explore the potential of this untapped resource, focusing on the Rona Ridge trend, West of Shetland. The Lancaster Field has been penetrated by four wells and benefits from a full 3D seismic survey, and, as such, represents Hurricane's most de-risked basement asset. The level of understanding of the Lancaster reservoir is such that Hurricane is now working towards a phased field development. This paper provides a summary of the geology and reservoir characteristics of the Lancaster Discovery, and a description of the technical progress achieved, to date, in de-risking the Lancaster Field.

scholarly journals Sparse 3D reflection seismic survey for deep-targeting iron oxide deposits and their host rocks, Ludvika Mines, Sweden

Solid Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-502
Author(s):  
Alireza Malehmir ◽  
Magdalena Markovic ◽  
Paul Marsden ◽  
Alba Gil ◽  
Stefan Buske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Mine Planning ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Static Corrections

Abstract. Many metallic mineral deposits have sufficient physical property contrasts, particularly density, to be detectable using seismic methods. These deposits are sometimes significant for our society and economic growth and can help to accelerate the energy transition towards decarbonization. However, their exploration at depth requires high-resolution and sensitive methods. Following a series of 2D seismic trials, a sparse, narrow source–receiver azimuth, 3D seismic survey was conducted in the Blötberget mine, in central Sweden, covering an area of approximately 6 km2 for deep-targeting iron oxide deposits and their host rock structures. The survey benefited from a collaborative work by putting together 1266 seismic recorders and a 32 t vibrator, generating 1056 shot points in a fixed geometry setup. Shots were fired at every 10 m where possible, and receivers were placed at every 10–20 m. Notable quality data were acquired despite the area being dominated by swampy places as well as by built-up roads and historical tailings. The data processing had to overcome these challenges for the static corrections and strong surface waves in particular. A tailored for hardrock setting and processing workflow was developed for handling such a dataset, where the use of mixed 2D and 3D refraction static corrections was relevant. The resulting seismic volume is rich in terms of reflectivity, with clear southeast-dipping reflections originating from the iron oxide deposits extending vertically and laterally at least 300 m beyond what was known from available boreholes. As a result, we estimate potential additional resources from the 3D reflection seismic experiment on the order of 10 Mt to be worth drilling for detailed assessments. The mineralization is crosscut by at least two major sets of northwest-dipping reflections interpreted to dominantly be normal faults and to be responsible for much of the lowland in the Blötberget area. Moreover, these post-mineralization faults likely control the current 3D geometry of the deposits. Curved and submerged reflections interpreted from folds or later intrusions are also observed, showing the geological complexity of the study area. The seismic survey also delineates the near-surface expression of a historical tailing as a by-product of refraction static corrections, demonstrating why 3D seismic data are so valuable for both mineral exploration and mine planning applications.

scholarly journals Sparse 3D reflection seismic survey for deep-targeting iron-oxide deposits and their host rocks, Ludvika Mines-Sweden

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Malehmir ◽  
Magdalena Markovic ◽  
Paul Marsden ◽  
Alba Gil ◽  
Stefan Buske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Reflection Seismic ◽  
Static Corrections

Abstract. Many metallic mineral deposits have sufficient contrasts, particularly density, to be detectable using seismic methods. These deposits are sometimes significant for our society, economic growth and can help to accelerate the energy transition towards decarbonization. However, their exploration at depth requires high-resolution and sensitive methods. Following a series of 2D seismic trials, a sparse, narrow source-receiver azimuth, 3D seismic survey was conducted in the Blötberget mine, in central Sweden, covering an area of approximately 6 km2 for deep targeting iron-oxide deposits and their host rock structures. The survey benefited from a collaborative work by putting together 1266 seismic recorders and a 32t vibrator generating 1056 shot points in a fixed geometry setup. A linear sweep ranging from 10–160 Hz and 20 s long was generated three times per shot point. Shots were fired at every 10 m where possible and receivers placed at every 10–20 m. Notable quality data were acquired although the area is dominated by swampy places as well as by built-up roads and historical tailings. The data processing had to overcome these challenges in particular for the static corrections and strong surface-waves. A tailored for hardrock-setting-processing workflow was developed for handling such a dataset, where the use of mixed 2D and 3D refraction static corrections were relevant. The resulting seismic volume is rich in terms of reflectivity with clear southeast dipping reflections originated from iron-oxide deposits extending vertically and laterally at least 300 m beyond what was known from boreholes. We estimate potential additional resources from the 3D reflection seismic experiment on the order of 10 Mt worth drilling for detailed assessments. The mineralization is crosscut by at least two major sets of northwest dipping reflections interpreted to be dominantly normal faults and responsible for much of the lowland in the Blötberget area. Moreover, these post-mineralization faults likely control the current 3D geometry of the deposits. Curved and submerged reflections interpreted from folds or later intrusions are also observed showing the geological complexity of the study area. The seismic survey also delineates the near-surface expression of a historical tailing as a by-product of refraction static corrections demonstrating why 3D seismic data. The sparse 3D survey illustrates that performing cost-effective reflection surveys for mineral exploration is achievable if they are conducted and planned carefully, systematically and based on earlier experiences.

scholarly journals Environmental Variation and How its Spatial Structure Influences the Cross-Shelf Distribution of High-Latitude Coral Communities in South Africa

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean N. Porter ◽  
Michael H. Schleyer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Shelf Edge ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Coral Communities

Coral communities display spatial patterns. These patterns can manifest along a coastline as well as across the continental shelf due to ecological interactions and environmental gradients. Several abiotic surrogates for environmental variables are hypothesised to structure high-latitude coral communities in South Africa along and across its narrow shelf and were investigated using a correlative approach that considered spatial autocorrelation. Surveys of sessile communities were conducted on 17 reefs and related to depth, distance to high tide, distance to the continental shelf edge and to submarine canyons. All four environmental variables were found to correlate significantly with community composition, even after the effects of space were removed. The environmental variables accounted for 13% of the variation in communities; 77% of this variation was spatially structured. Spatially structured environmental variation unrelated to the environmental variables accounted for 39% of the community variation. The Northern Reef Complex appears to be less affected by oceanic factors and may undergo less temperature variability than the Central and Southern Complexes; the first is mentioned because it had the lowest canyon effect and was furthest from the continental shelf, whilst the latter complexes had the highest canyon effects and were closest to the shelf edge. These characteristics may be responsible for the spatial differences in the coral communities.

Optimization Of A 3D Seismic Survey Onshore Abu Dhabi - From Field Tests To Final Design

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Baker Al Jeelani ◽  
Samer Marmash ◽  
Abdul Salam Bin Ishaq ◽  
Ahmed Al-Shaikh ◽  
Eric Kleiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Final Design
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