Response of Ground-Penetrating Radar to Bounding Surfaces and Lithofacies Variations in Sand Barrier Sequences

1991 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Bounding Surfaces

scholarly journals Internal structure and development of an aeolian river dune in The Netherlands, using 3-D interpretation of ground-penetrating radar data

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Organic Horizon ◽  
Westerly Winds ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Radar Facies ◽  
Bounding Surfaces

AbstractGround-penetrating radar data from a regular grid are used to study the internal structure and development of a 9-m high aeolian river dune in the Dutch Rhine-Meuse delta. The purpose of this investigation was to image the internal sedimentary structures to better understand the development of these aeolian river dunes. Three radar facies can be recognised in the GPR sections. Radar facies 1 has a maximum thickness of 5 to 6 m and is characterised by dipping, parallel reflections with a maximum length of at least 20 m. The reflections from perpendicular sections, analysed using closed-loop correlation in 3-D-interpretation software, form eastward dipping (14° maximum) surfaces. Radar facies 2 is one continuous, sub-horizontal reflection. This high amplitude reflection is most probably caused by a thin organic horizon. Radar facies 3 has a thickness of 3 to 4 m and is made up of sets of short, predominantly eastward to north-eastward dipping reflections separated by rather continuous, sub-horizontal reflections. The eastward dipping surfaces in radar facies 1 are foresets of a dune that was deposited by prevailing westerly winds in the Younger Dryas, the last cold period in the Pleistocene. During the Early Holocene, an increasing vegetation cover stabilised the dune and formed a thin organic horizon. Subsequent resumption of dune forming processes led to the formation of radar facies 3 on top of the vegetated Pleistocene dune. Sedimentation by small dunes, partly eroding each other, led to sets of cross-stratification separated by bounding surfaces. The results suggest a small change in palaeo wind direction.

Utility of Ground-Penetrating Radar in Near-Surface, High-Resolution Imaging of Lansing-Kansas City (Pennsylvanian) Limestone Reservoir Analogs

1998 ◽  
pp. 43-59
Author(s):  
Alex Martinez ◽  
Joseph M. Kruger ◽  
Evan K. Franseen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Reservoir Modeling ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Well Control ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Velocity Information ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Bounding Surfaces

High-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a subsurface imaging tool that can extend results gained from studies of reservoir-analog outcrops and add detailed information about reservoir analogs that is unavailable from either seismic data or well control alone. Integration of GPR-reflection information and outcrop photomosaics allowed detailed study of subtle changes in lithology and bedding surfaces by comparing lateral and vertical changes in GPR-reflection character with outcrop features. Outcrops are valuable for confirming interpretations of reflections and providing velocity information for the GPR data. Outcrops of two Lansing-Kansas City Group limestone units, the Captain Creek Limestone and the Plattsburg Limestone, were used as test sites to determine the vertical imaging resolution, penetration depth, and reflection character of high-frequency (500 MHz) GPR in interbedded carbonate and shale units, where the carbonate units contained thin interbeds of shale. Features as small as 0.1-0.2 m (0.3-0.7 ft)--including major architectural elements (such as major and minor bounding surfaces) and internal features (such as fractures, internal bedding, and crossbedding)--were successfully imaged and confirmed by outcrop data. Variations in GPR-reflection character between geologic units allowed recognition of argillaceous limestone units in the subsurface. Although shale and soil at the surface generally impeded GPR signal penetration, thin shale layers and shale at bounding surfaces actually enhanced reflectivity and aided in interpretation. Our results indicate that GPR can be successfully used as an aid in outcrop studies to provide quantitative data for use in reservoir modeling.

REFLECTION COEFFICIENT OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE IN CONDUCTIVE MEDIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
M. S. Sudakova ◽  
M. L. Vladov ◽  
M. R. Sadurtdinov
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Direct And Inverse Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Ideal Dielectric

Within the ground penetrating radar bandwidth the medium is considered to be an ideal dielectric, which is not always true. Electromagnetic waves reflection coefficient conductivity dependence showed a significant role of the difference in conductivity in reflection strength. It was confirmed by physical modeling. Conductivity of geological media should be taken into account when solving direct and inverse problems, survey design planning, etc. Ground penetrating radar can be used to solve the problem of mapping of halocline or determine water contamination.

Deteksi Bentuk Objek Bawah Tanah Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra B-Scan pada Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Rahmayati Alindra ◽  
Heroe Wijanto ◽  
Koredianto Usman
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Data Survey ◽  
Ground Penetrating

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) adalah salah satu jenis radar yang digunakan untuk menyelidiki kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah tanpa harus menggali dan merusak tanah. Sistem GPR terdiri atas pengirim (transmitter), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke generator sinyal dan bagian penerima (receiver), yaitu antena yang terhubung ke LNA dan ADC yang kemudian terhubung ke unit pengolahan data hasil survey serta display sebagai tampilan output-nya dan post  processing untuk alat bantu mendapatkan informasi mengenai suatu objek. GPR bekerja dengan cara memancarkan gelombang elektromagnetik ke dalam tanah dan menerima sinyal yang dipantulkan oleh objek-objek di bawah permukaan tanah. Sinyal yang diterima kemudian diolah pada bagian signal processing dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan gambaran kondisi di bawah permukaan tanah yang dapat dengan mudah dibaca dan diinterpretasikan oleh user. Signal processing sendiri terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu A-Scan yang meliputi perbaikan sinyal dan pendektesian objek satu dimensi, B-Scan untuk pemrosesan data dua dimensi  dan C-Scan untuk pemrosesan data tiga dimensi. Metode yang digunakan pada pemrosesan B-Scan salah satunya adalah dengan  teknik pemrosesan citra. Dengan pemrosesan citra, data survey B-scan diolah untuk didapatkan informasi mengenai objek. Pada penelitian ini, diterapkan teori gradien garis pada pemrosesan citra B-scan untuk menentukan bentuk dua dimensi dari objek bawah tanah yaitu persegi, segitiga atau lingkaran. 

Reconstructing Properties of Subsurface from Ground-Penetrating Radar Data

PIERS Online ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-572
Author(s):  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Dongling Qiu ◽  
Takashi Takenaka
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Ground Penetrating
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