Energy savings enhance comfort and budgets of low-income households

ECOS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Low Income Households

Water–energy nexus in houses in Brazil: comparing rainwater and gray water use with a centralized system

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Vieira ◽  
E. Ghisi
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Gray Water ◽  
Low Income Households

The objective of this paper is to assess the potential for energy savings in water and sewerage services by means of on-site integrated water and sewage management strategies in low-income households in Florianópolis, Brazil. The on-site water efficiency measures include reclamation of gray water and rainwater use. The water and energy saving potential of both strategies were studied, and their energy intensities were compared to centralized water and sewerage services. Furthermore, the water consumption pattern for 10 low-income households was empirically determined using smart meters; the rainwater supply was estimated by using the computer program Netuno 4.0; and the water supply and sewage reduction potential of gray water systems were determined using a theoretical method. On average, the gray water and rainwater supply capacities were equivalent to 24% and 43% of the total water consumption of households, respectively. In regard to energy savings, rainwater harvesting was the most energy intensive strategy (0.86 kWh/m³), followed by centralized systems (0.84 kWh/m³); whereas, gray water was the most energy efficient strategy (0.54 kWh/m³). The findings suggest that alternative water and sewerage services may promote energy savings in comparison with centralized ones only when a concomitant reduction in sewage production is achieved.

scholarly journals Efficiency Gap Caused by the Input Data in Evaluating Energy Efficiency of Low-Income Households’ Energy Retrofit Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2774
Author(s):  
Joowook Kim ◽  
Jemin Myoung ◽  
Hyunwoo Lim ◽  
Doosam Song
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Detailed Measurement ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Efficiency Gap ◽  
Low Income Households

Energy efficiency policies are made to reduce the energy necessary to achieve a given level of indoor heating and to decrease the greenhouse gas emission worldwide. National and state regulators routinely tighten the energy efficiency building code appliance standards. In particular, for low-income households, the government has been implementing an energy efficiency program, and the most common measures include furnace replacement, attic and wall insulation, and infiltration reduction. The belief that the energy efficiency programs are beneficial and lead to energy reductions often fails, which is known as the ‘efficiency gap.’ This paper analyzed the effect of input data in calculating the energy savings of the energy efficiency program for low-income households as a cause of the energy efficiency gap in energy efficiency treatments for low-income households. According to the retrofit of the low-income household, the energy saving effect predicted through the input data of detailed measurement was 65%, which was higher than 41% of the conventional prediction method (walk-through audit). The resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction effect was also the same as the energy savings, and the results predicted by the existing prediction methods were less predicted than the detailed measurement results.

A Study on Demand for Micro Insurance for Low-Income Households in Disaster-Prone Areas of Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viverita . ◽  
Ririen Setiati Rianti ◽  
Abdurrahman Sunanta ◽  
Ida Ayu Agung Faradynawati
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Micro Insurance ◽  
Low Income Households
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