Review of vehicle inspection historical data as a tool to monitor the entry of hosts of Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera : Tephritidae) into a fruit fly free area

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Dominiak ◽  
M. Campbell ◽  
G. Cameron ◽  
H. Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
Vehicle Inspection ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Free Area

Historical records from Victorian fruit fly roadblocks were analysed to identify past trends. A model using month of year and time of day accounted for most of the variance in travellers carrying fruit at the Euston, Barham, Kyalite and Wentworth sites in 1980–81. Different sites had different characteristics and pooling of results across sites is likely to be invalid. Tomatoes were found to make up 49.3% of infested fruit during the 7-year period between 1976–77 and 1982–83. Travellers originating from Sydney carried 69.3% of the infested fruit. The proportion of the 3 origins carrying infested fruit did not vary significantly during the 7-year period. The interceptions were not evenly distributed with 50% of the detections occurring in 2 of the 7 years.

scholarly journals A54 THE CIRCADIAN CLOCK INFLUENCES JAK/STAT SIGNALING AND GUT PERMEABILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
K Parasram ◽  
D Bachetti ◽  
P Karpowicz
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clock Cycle ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Immunity ◽  
Stat Signaling

Abstract Background The circadian clock is a 24-hour feedback loop that drives rhythms in behaviours and physiological processes. This molecular timekeeper consists of the transcription factors, Clock-Cycle, that drive expression of thousands of clock-controlled genes, with two of these, Period and Timeless, acting as negative regulators of Clock-Cycle. This fundamental mechanism was initially characterized in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster (Nobel Prize in Physiology & Medicine, 2017), and is highly conserved in humans. The intestine, or midgut, of Drosophila, is also similar to the human small intestine consisting of similar cellular lineage, signaling pathways, and physiological functions. The lineage of the Drosophila intestine contains the same four cell types as humans: intestinal stem cells (ISCs), progenitors called enteroblasts, enterocytes and enteroendocrine cells. This simplified lineage as well as the genetic tools available, make Drosophila an ideal model for intestinal regeneration in health and disease. We have previously shown that the circadian clock is active in ISCs, EBs and ECs during both homeostatic and regenerating conditions. Furthermore, the circadian clock regulates the mitosis of ISCs under regenerating conditions. Aims We sought to uncover if Jak/STAT signaling, one of the key pathways involved in ISC proliferation in the Drosophila intestine, shows a circadian rhythm and if there is a time-of-day difference in the regenerative response. Methods To test whether the clock regulates Jak/STAT during acute injury, we developed an irradiation assay that does not affect survival but acutely disrupts intestinal barrier function. Results Using a dynamic reporter of Jak/STAT activity we show that Period circadian clock mutants have low Jak/STAT signaling and a leaky gut phenotype. Wildtype controls show time-dependent gut leakiness upon irradiation, which is higher and time-independent in Period mutants. The level of Jak/STAT response differs depending on the time of irradiation in the controls, but is higher at all times in the mutants. Conclusions The Jak/Stat pathway regulates intestinal immunity and epithelial cell proliferation in humans, thus playing a role in colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. Our results suggest Jak/Stat is controlled by the circadian clock, which has implications for intestinal recovery following medical treatments, including radiation therapy. Funding Agencies NRC

Dacus tryoni. [Distribution map].

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dacus tryoni[Bactrocera tryoni] (Frogg.) (Dipt., Trypetidae) (Queensland Fruit-fly) Hosts: Many deciduous and subtropical fruits. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AUSTRALIA, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria.

Historical Records and Collections

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Emily W. B. Russell Southgate
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural History Collections ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Historical Photographs ◽  
General Explanation

This chapter introduces the use of historical documents and other forms of information that depend on written explanation, such as natural history collections and historical photographs. After a general explanation of the unique values of these data for establishing historical baselines and trajectories, it gives a brief introduction to the methods used to assess the validity of the sources, including consideration of various biases that are integral to written documents. These include a consideration of scale. The chapter then describes a variety of sources, including historical data, maps, photographs, government documents, and plant and animal collections, with examples of how each has been used to establish some condition or process in the past.

scholarly journals Current and planned research for managing the fruit fly threat to New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
David A.J. Teulon ◽  
John M. Kean ◽  
Karen F. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Management Diagnostics ◽  
The Impact

Fruit flies (Family Tephritidae), in particular the Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni; QFF), areone of the biggest biosecurity risks for New Zealand horticulture. New Zealand has one of the bestscience-based biosecurity systems in the world, based on years of experience and sound research. Theintroduction of fruit flies to New Zealand is now well managed in commercial fruit imports, but the riskis rising from growing trade and travel and, in the case of QFF, climatic adaptation and spread to moresouthern localities. Smarter solutions are continually needed to manage this increasing risk, and to dealwith such pests when they arrive. We present a brief summary of current and anticipated research aimedat reducing the likelihood of entry into New Zealand and/or minimising the impact for the fruit flyspecies of greatest threat to New Zealand. Research spans risk assessment, pathway risk management,diagnostics, surveillance and eradication.

Bactrocera tryoni (Queensland fruit fly).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Meats
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Tryoni ◽  
The World ◽  
Horticultural Pest

Abstract B. tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is the most costly horticultural pest in Australia and has invaded several countries in the surrounding region (White and Elson-Harris, 1994). It has the potential to spread to many places around the world because of its wide climatic and host range (Meats 1989b; Sutherst et al., 2000) and a tendency to be carried by human travellers at the larval stage inside infested fruit. B. tryoni is a very serious pest of a wide variety of fruits throughout its range. Damage levels can be anything up to 100% of unprotected fruit.

scholarly journals Has the Western Chorus Frog (Pseudacris triseriata) Declined in Western Ottawa, Ontario?

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
David C. Seburn ◽  
Kari Gunson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Median Distance ◽  
Chorus Frogs ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Chorus Frog

To determine whether the Western Chorus Frog has declined in western Ottawa, we conducted auditory surveys at historical locations as well as at various other wetlands. Western Chorus Frogs were detected at 12 of 18 historical locations. Wetland habitat remained at all historical locations where the species was not detected. There was no difference in the year of historical records for sites where Western Chorus Frogs were (median 1987.5) and were not (median 1987.5) detected. In the present study, Western Chorus Frogs were also detected at 30 locations where they had not been previously reported. Historical sites where Western Chorus Frogs were not detected were not significantly farther away from known Western Chorus Frog sites (median distance: 2.2 km) than historical sites where Western Chorus Frogs were detected (median distance: 1.4 km). Land use variables for historical sites where Western Chorus Frogs were and were not detected did not vary significantly at any spatial scale from 0.5 to 2.0 km. Western Chorus Frogs were detected in areas with up to 50% forest cover and up to 86% agricultural cover at the 1.0-km radius. The lack of historical data makes it difficult to assess the current status of the Western Chorus Frog in western Ottawa. The species may have declined, remained approximately the same (by shifting to different breeding sites), or even increased its distribution (by colonizing additional sites).

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