Nutritional characteristics of selected species of Acacia growing in naturally saline areas of Western Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
GF Craig ◽  
DT Bell ◽  
CA Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Fodder Shrubs ◽  
High Concentrations

The forage potential of 11 species of Acacia from naturally saline areas of Western Australia was assessed by analysing their nutritive characteristics and acceptability to sheep. The crude protein content of new shoots was greater than that of mature phyllodes [8-25 v. 6-12% dry matter (DM) respectively]. This was reflected in higher in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) values (34-59% in shoots v. 22-54% in phyllodes). IVDMD appeared to be reduced by high concentrations of neutral and acid detergent fibre (NDF and ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL). The least acceptable species generally had high values of NDF. The most promising species for use as perennial fodder shrubs were Acacia ampliceps, A. brunzalis, A. cyclops and A. ligustrina. Mature phyllodes of these species had IVDMD >40%, ADL <20% and crude protein level of all foliage in the range 8-17% DM. A. patagiata and A. ixiophylla were acceptable to sheep; however, crude protein levels and IVDMD of phyllodes were relatively low. Although new shoot material of A. eremaea, A. inceae, A. aff. lineolata, A. mutabilis and A. redolens had relatively high levels of crude protein, mature phyllodes of these species had low levels of protein, IVDMD <40% and high NDF concentrations (>50% DM), which suggests that these species would be unsuitable as animal feed. The ability of salt-tolerant acacias to grow in marginal land means they may provide supplementary forage in times of drought.

Nutritional value of Phalaris minor seeds and its comparison with conventional cereal grains for livestock feeding

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine Kaur ◽  
S. Thakur ◽  
Mahendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Phalaris Minor ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Livestock Feeding

The aim of the present study was to determine the nutritional value of Phalaris minor seeds in comparison to conventional cereal grains. P. minor seeds had higher ether extract (6.3%), total ash (7.5%), acid insoluble ash (AIA, 4.5%), acid detergent fibre (ADF, 10.2%), cellulose (5.5%), acid detergent lignin (ADL, 2.0%), neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP, 4.0%) and acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP, 2.7%) content in comparison to conventional cereal grains. The crude protein of P. minor seeds (12.3%) was similar to that of wheat (12.0%), but higher than other conventional cereal grains including maize (9.0%). The amino acid composition of P. minor seeds was more or less similar to conventional cereal grains. P. minor seeds had a superior mineral profile (Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) than conventional cereal grains. In vitro evaluation revealed that net gas production was lowest (P less than 0.05) in P. minor seeds (216.37 L/kg DM/24 h). The methane production (L/kg DM/24 h)from P. minor seeds (43.03)was lower (P less than 0.05) than that from wheat (54.33) and barley (57.35). The organic matter digestibility of P. minor seeds (83.27%) was similar to that of barley (81.69%).It was concluded that P. minor seeds could be considered as potential source of nutrients for livestock.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of safflower whole seed as animal feed in semi-arid southern African conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (s1) ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
D. Kereilwe ◽  
V.E. Emongor ◽  
O. Oagile ◽  
O. Phole
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
Semi Arid

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a multipurpose crop, grown for its high quality edible oil (poly unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids), and as a horticultural crop (vegetable and cut flower). It is also grown for flavouring and colouring foods, as herbal tea, livestock feed, pharmaceuticals, dyes, paints and biodiesel.The objective of this study wasto evaluate the influence of safflower genotype on the nutritional quality of whole seed used as livestock feed. Nine safflower genotypes (eight exotic and one local) were grown in winter and summer. The seeds were harvested at physiological maturity and analysed for different nutritional variables. Whole safflower seeds dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and ash varied significantly, depending on genotype and growing season. The seed mineral content (P, K, Mg and Na) also varied across genotypes. Safflower whole seeds have great potential to serve as an excellent livestock feed in semi-arid conditions.

Magnetized carrier as novel drug delivery system

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawed Akhtar ◽  
Rajeev Chaturvedi ◽  
Jyoti Sharma ◽  
Deepak Mittal ◽  
Pankaj Pardhan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Novel Drug

The aim of the present study was to determine the nutritional value of Phalaris minor seeds in comparison to conventional cereal grains. P. minor seeds had higher ether extract (6.3%), total ash (7.5%), acid insoluble ash (AIA, 4.5%), acid detergent fibre (ADF, 10.2%), cellulose (5.5%), acid detergent lignin (ADL, 2.0%), neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP, 4.0%) and acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP, 2.7%) content in comparison to conventional cereal grains. The crude protein of P. minor seeds (12.3%) was similar to that of wheat (12.0%), but higher than other conventional cereal grains including maize (9.0%). The amino acid composition of P. minor seeds was more or less similar to conventional cereal grains. P. minor seeds had a superior mineral profile (Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) than conventional cereal grains. In vitro evaluation revealed that net gas production was lowest (P less than 0.05) in P. minor seeds (216.37 L/kg DM/24 h). The methane production (L/kg DM/24 h)from P. minor seeds (43.03)was lower (P less than 0.05) than that from wheat (54.33) and barley (57.35). The organic matter digestibility of P. minor seeds (83.27%) was similar to that of barley (81.69%).It was concluded that P. minor seeds could be considered as potential source of nutrients for livestock.

A note on forage evaluation for buffalo by various techniques

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
J. Kishan ◽  
U. B. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Cellulose Digestibility

AbstractThe relative efficiency of voluntary consumption, chemical composition, digestibility in vitro and in vivo, was tested for predicting the nutritive value of five forages: berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum); green oat (Avena sativa); oat hay; cow pea (Vigna spp.) and maize (Zea mays). The digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DM), crude protein, acid-detergent lignin and energy were significantly correlated with DM intake. Digestibilities in vitro of DM and cellulose after 12-h incubation were significantly related to digestibilities in vivo of DM and energy. The values for cellulose digestibility in vitro at 24 h were similar to those for digestibility of energy in vivo. Significant correlations were obtained between the crude protein content of forages and the voluntary DM intake and digestibility of nutrients. Increased cellulose and acid-detergent fibre contents were each related with decreased DM intake and digestibility of nutrients.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of sorghum silages

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

 This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein. 

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SOURCE AND LEVEL OF NITROGEN ON THE UTILIZATION OF SORGHUM STOVER BY YANKASA RAMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
F. OLALERU ◽  
T. A. ADEGBOLA
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein

The effects of cotton seed cake (CSC) or urea in supplying either 12% or 16% crude protein on sorghum stover utilization by Yankasa rams was studied for twelve weeks, using a 2 x 2 factorially designed experiment. Nutrient intake, digestibility, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were monitored. In vitro volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH,-N) concentrations were also determined. The result of the study indicated that the source and/or level of nitrogen (or crude protein) significantly (P<0.05) affected crude protein intake (CPI), digestible crude protein intake (DCPI) and in vitro NH,-N concentration. Total feed intake, live weight gain (LWG), FCR and DCPI were significantly (P<0.05) affected by source x level interaction. Acid detergent fibre (A DF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intakes, CP, ADF and NDF digestibilities, digestible ADF and NDF intakes, stover intake and in vitro VFA concentration were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by either main effects of CP source and level or their interaction. The rams on the 16% CSC and 12% urea ration gained more weight and had lower FCR than those on the 12% CSC and 16% urea. The 16% CSC ration gave the best result in terms of sorghum stover supplementation. The 12% urea treatment which also had a good result in terms of weight gain and FCR could also be recommended for use.

scholarly journals Protein and energy relationships in the broiler chicken

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Rosebrough ◽  
J. P. McMurtry
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Energy Relationships ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids

Male broiler chickens growing from 7 to 35d were fed on a diet containing 150g crude protein (N × 6·25)/kg diet supplemented with lysine to equal that in diets containing 166, 183 and 200g crude protein/kg diet (Expt 1). A second group of male broiler chickens growing over the same period were fed on a diet containing 120g crude protein/kg supplemented with lysine, arginine, tryptophan, threonine and isoleucine equal to that in diets containing 144, 172 and 200g crude protein/kg diet (Expt 2). Growth was improved by lysine supplementation but not to the level attained by feeding 200g crude protein/kg (Expt 1). Lysine, arginine, tryptophan, threonine and isoleucine supplementation of a low-protein diet also improved growth, but growth again fell short of that attained by feeding a diet containing 200g crude protein/kg. Plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 and thyroxine concentrations increased and triiodothyronine decreased as the crude protein level increased from 150 to 200g/kg diet. Supplemental lysine did not affect plasma levels of these hormones. Although dietary crude protein levels noticeably changed rates ofin vitrolipogenesis, changing either the level of a single limiting amino acid or the levels of several limiting amino acids did not change lipogenesis.

scholarly journals Methanogenic potential of forages consumed throughout the year by cattle in a Sahelian pastoral area

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Doreau ◽  
H. Benhissi ◽  
Y. E. Thior ◽  
B. Bois ◽  
C. Leydet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Pastoral Area ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Plant Components

Methane (CH4) emission from ruminants in African pastoral systems may be affected by intake and type of plants, which vary highly between rainy and dry seasons. In each of two sites located in the semiarid Sahelian area of Senegal, three Gobra zebus were monitored throughout 1 year. A representative sample of their diet was obtained once every month. Diet was mainly composed of grasses, herbaceous legumes, tree and shrub foliage and pods, and dried forage residues. CH4 production and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, which reflects VFA production, were determined in vitro. Crude protein, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre were measured by near-infrared spectrophotometry. CH4 production varied between 24.6 and 35.2 mL/g forage dry matter (DM), being minimal in August (rainy season) and maximal in February (dry season). Seasonal difference disappeared when CH4 was expressed in mL/g NDF. The acetate : propionate ratio varied in the same way as CH4 (3.2 and 4.6 in August and February, respectively); VFA concentration was minimum in March and maximum in September (69.2 and 77.4 mmol/L, respectively). CH4 production was closely related to dietary NDF content (r = 0.82) and to acetate : propionate ratio (r = 0.96). For six successive periods (February to July), plant categories constituting the diet were incubated separately. Reconstituting the CH4 production and VFA concentration in the diet on the basis of the proportion of plant components gave values similar to those of the global diet (33.4 and 34.2 mL CH4/g DM and 75.9 and 70.9 mmol VFA/L, respectively). This result suggests the absence of interaction among plant components on rumen fermentation.

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