The uptake and depletion of fenitrothion in cattle, pasture and soil following spraying of pastures for locust control

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 915 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
K. W. McDougall ◽  
P. Spurgin
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Half Life ◽  
New South ◽  
Organophosphorus Insecticide ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Cattle Pasture ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Locust Control

Summary. Fenitrothion is an organophosphorus insecticide widely used for the control of locusts in Australia and overseas. It is sprayed on swarms and bands of locusts and on the pastures on which they feed. However, there is little Australian data on depletion rates of fenitrothion when used this way. Consequently, there has been concern that beef cattle producers may not be able to guarantee that their cattle meet legal requirements with respect to residue levels following grazing on sprayed pasture. This paper reports a study conducted in February 1998 in central western New South Wales on the rate of depletion of fenitrothion in cattle, pasture and soil after fenitrothion spraying. The cattle were 18-month-old heifers in forward store condition. Fenitrothion was detected in the fat of 7 of the 66 exposed cattle. Residues in 2 of these exceeded the Maximum Residue Limit of 0.05 mg/kg. No fenitrothion was detected in the fat of the 26 cattle slaughtered 14 days or later after treatment or in muscle and liver samples. The half life of fenitrothion was 2–3 days in the soil and 1–2 days in the pasture. We conclude that the 14-day slaughter withholding period currently approved by the National Registration Authority is appropriate.

Inhibited development of Ostertagia ostertagi in relation to production systems for cattle

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Smeal ◽  
A. D. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Ostertagia Ostertagi ◽  
South Wales

SUMMARYOn a coastal farm in New South Wales where beef and dairy cattle production was carried on side-by-side, separate pasture plots were contaminated with eggs of Ostertagia ostertagi by calves from each production system in autumn, winter or spring. Successive groups of parasite-free tracer calves grazed on the plots for 14 days at 4-week intervals and were then killed for worm counts 14 days after removal from pasture. On all plots, the proportion of inhibited early 4th-stage larvae in tracer calves reached a maximum in spring, and was consistently and very significantly higher in calves which grazed plots contaminated with O. ostertagi of beef cattle origin. Factors which may be responsible for this difference between beef and dairy cattle populations of O. ostertagi are discussed.

Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 1. Effect of supplementation on liveweight of steers and digestibilty of diet.

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (58) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
RDH Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Matter Energy

The effect of phosphorus supplementation on liveweight and digestibility of dietary components was studied in two experiments with beef steers at Grafton, New South Wales. In one experiment, three groups of 15 steers grazed a pasture that was deficient in phosphorus and nitrogen throughout the year and received a supplement of 0, 35, or 70 g phosphorus each week for twelve months. The phosphorus supplements had no effect on liveweight. In a second experiment, five pairs of steers were individually fed a phosphorus deficient diet to which urea, molasses, and minerals were added. The steers received a daily supplement of either 0, 2, 4, G, or 8 g phosphorus. The supplements had no effect on liveweight or apparent digestibility of dry matter, energy, or nitrogen. The apparent digestibility of phosphorus increased with supplementation up to 4 g a day (P<0.001) but there was no further increase at the higher rates. The apparent retention of phosphorus increased with each increment of phosphorus (P<0.01). It is concluded that supplements of phosphorus will not improve liveweight performance when beef cattle graze natural pasture of such low quality as that frequently found in north-eastern New South Wales.

STUDIES ON NEMATODE INFECTIONS OF BEEF CATTLE IN NEW SOUTH WALES

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 566-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Smeal ◽  
I. K. Hotson ◽  
P. J. Mylrea ◽  
A. R. Jackson ◽  
N. J. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales

scholarly journals Dissipation of Pre-Harvest Pesticides on ‘Clementine’ Mandarins after Open Field Application, and Their Persistence When Stored under Conventional Postharvest Conditions

Horticulturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Natalia Besil ◽  
Verónica Cesio ◽  
Eleana Luque ◽  
Pedro Pintos ◽  
Fernando Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
First Record ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Model Equations

The dissipation of field-applied difenoconazole, imidacloprid, pyraclostrobin and spinosad on Clementine mandarins (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) under controlled conditions throughout the citrus production chain was assessed. At harvest, 42 days after application, the dissipation of these pesticides were 80, 92, and 48% for difenoconazole, imidacloprid, pyraclostrobin, respectively, and spinosad was below the level of detectability. At day 28 after application, spinosad was no longer detected. The model equations that best describe the dissipation curves of these pesticides on Clementine mandarins showed different patterns. Their half-life on Clementine, calculated by the best-fitted experimental data, were 19.2 day (1st-order model) for difenoconazole, 4.1 day (Root Factor (RF) 1st-order model) for imidacloprid, 39.8 day (2nd-order model) for pyraclostrobin and 5.8 day (1st-order model) for spinosad. These results are the first record of pyraclostrobin persistence on mandarins, showing a longer half-life in this matrix than those reported for any other fruit. The treated fruit were harvested and submitted to the usual postharvest treatments: first, a hypochlorite drenching was performed; as a second step, imazalil and wax were applied, and then the mandarins were stored at 4 °C. After 32 days, cold storage caused no significant effects on the residue levels of the four pesticides compared with those determined on freshly harvested mandarins. All residues were below their Codex and European Union (EU) maximum residue limit (MRL) for mandarin since the spray application day.

scholarly journals Economic effects of alternate growth path, time of calving and breed type combinations across southern Australian beef cattle environments: feedlot finishing at the New South Wales experimental site

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Davies ◽  
A. R. Alford ◽  
G. R. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
European Breed ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Gross Margins

The ‘Regional Combinations’ project and its biophysical outcomes have been described in several other papers in this special edition. The information provided in these papers allows an evaluation of the most profitable beef cattle production systems across different environments in southern Australia. In this paper, the focus is on the New South Wales experimental site where the trial animals were finished in a feedlot. The data identified liveweight gain as the biggest driver of profitability of production. Between growth treatments, there was a large difference in the gross margins before feedlot entry between the ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ treatments favouring the fast-grown animals, even after accounting for the higher cost of producing pasture capable of sustaining faster growth. However, the slow growth treatments consistently outperformed the fast growth treatments in the feedlot. In terms of breeds, the European breed types consistently outperformed the Wagyu breeds. There were no time-of-calving experiments in New South Wales.

Estimating and reducing the amount of Plains-wanderer (Pedionomus torquatus Gould) habitat sprayed with pesticides for locust control in the New South Wales Riverina

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Story ◽  
Damon L. Oliver ◽  
Ted Deveson ◽  
Laury McCulloch ◽  
Graeme Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Locust Control

An analysis of beef cattle growth records available in south-eastern Australia

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
WE Mason ◽  
RG Beilharz ◽  
R Carraill
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
New South ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Daily Gain

Records of growth to weaning of 1812 calves from seven herds in Victoria and one herd in New South Wales were analysed. The results of the analysis were : 1. Preweaning growth rate of heifers decreased significantly with age at weaning. That of bulls and steers did not. 2. Age of dam had a large effect in all three sexes. Environmental factors (properties, years) affected bull calves more than heifer calves. There were fewer degrees of freedom at these levels of the analysis for steers. 3. Adjustments for age of dam were calculated and are presented (table 3). 4. Heritability estimates were obtained from dam-progeny regressions and intra-class correlations. The heritability of adjusted preweaning average daily gain was about 0.25. Clearly many more records need to be analysed to provide further estimates of heritability.

A survey to determine the prevalence ofTheileriaspp. in beef cattle in the northern tablelands of New South Wales

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Biddle ◽  
S Eastwood ◽  
L Martin ◽  
P Freeman ◽  
E Druce
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales
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