Lupin as a biological plough: evidence for, and effects on wheat growth and yield

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
CWL Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Residual N ◽  
Plant Densities

The effects of the density of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Illyarrie) taproots on a following wheat crop (Tritium aestivum L. cv. Gutha) were investigated on a compacted, earthy sand soil near Geraldton, Western Australia. In 1985, plots were sown to lupins at densities ranging from 35 to 220 plants m-2. Because peak lupin biomass varied by less than 25%, and 100 kg N ha-1 of mineral fertiliser was supplied to the wheat, the effects of variation in residual N from the lupins were considered to be minimal. In 1986, all plots were split for shallow or deep tillage and wheat sown. There were no effects of tillage or lupin density on stored soil water at sowing. Growth and yield of wheat on the shallow tilled plots increased linearly with lupin plant density in the previous year, to equal or better wheat yields on the deep tilled plots, which were unaffected by lupin density. At normal farm lupin plant densities, the biological plough effect was estimated to improve wheat yields by 100 kg ha-1, substantially less than the benefits from nitrogen fixation and breaks in disease cycles. Nevertheless, it still suggests that lupin stand densities should be maintained or increased in crop rotations on compacted sands.

Effects of high plant populations on the growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. LEACH ◽  
H. J. STEVENSON ◽  
A. J. RAINBOW ◽  
L. A. MULLEN
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Rothamsted Experimental Station ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Very High

The effects of plant density on the growth and yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were examined in a series of five multifactorial experiments at Rothamsted Experimental Station between 1984 and 1989. Plant densities, manipulated by changing the seed rate and row spacing, or because of overwinter losses, ranged from 13·5 to 372 plants/m2. Normalized yields for the multifactorial plots increased with densities up to 50–60 plants/m2. In very high density plots in 1987/88, yield decreased as density increased >150 plants/m2. Plants grown at high density had fewer pod-bearing branches per plant but produced more branches/m2. Branch dry matter (DM) per plant was decreased by 42%, the number of fertile pods per plant and pod DM/plant by 37%. There was no effect of density on the number or DM of pods/m2. Over 74% of the fertile pods were carried on the terminal and uppermost branches of plants grown at high density in 1987/88 compared with only 34% in plants grown at low density in 1988/89. Seed DM/plant decreased with increase in density but seed size (1000-seed weight) increased. There was no effect of density on seed glucosinolate or oil contents.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SPRAYING WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF LICORICE EXTRACT AND PLANT DENSITIES IN GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM BICOLOR L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Mohmadi & Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Fall Season ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities

A field experiment was condueted at the experimental Farm, College of Agriculture University of AL-Anbar in replace location (Abu-Gheaib) in spring season of 2017. While in Fall season it was applied at AL-saqluwiya-Anbar Province 10 km west north of Falluga city to study the effect of four levels of licorice extractor (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) (0,2,4 and 6) g.L-1 water and three (53,333, 66,666 and 88,888 plant) plant.ha-1. On growth and grain yield of Sorghum cv. Rabih. The experiment was applied using R.C.B.D. arranged in split plots with three replications. levels of plant densities were used as main-plot, while licorice extractor were used as sub-plot. Foliar application of licorice extractor was applied during vegetative growth. The results showed that, high plant density (88888) plant.h-1 significantly increase plant height and leaf area index, while most of traits were not significantly influenced by plant density including grain yield. Results revealed that foliar application of licorice extractor with 2,4,6 g.L-1 of water significantly influenced grain yield in spring season compane with control treatment and it is amounted to (9.62, 9.55 and 9.78) t.h-1 respectively. There were significant interaction between Licorice extractor and plant density in spring and fall season in grain yield. The higher grain yield of 10.31 and 10.33 t.h-1 were obtained when sorghum plants were sowing at hight density and sprayed with Licorice extractor at level          4 g.L-1 respectively

scholarly journals Comparison of Growth Indices of Nigella sativa L. under Different Plant Densities and Fertilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Ioannis Roussis, Ioanna Kakabouki, Dimitrios Bilalis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Area Index ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities

Agronomic practices such as plant density and fertilizer management are referred to comprise crop environment, which influences plant growth, productivity, and ultimately the yield. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the influence of plant density and fertilization on the growth and growth indices of Nigella sativa crop and to determine the association between yield and growth characteristics at both the single plant and crop stand level. The 2-year experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, with three replications, two main plots (200 and 300 plants m-2) and four sub-plots (fertilization treatments: control, compost, farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizer). The highest absolute growth rate (AGR) (0.0321 g day-1) and relative growth rate (RGR) (0.0714 g g-1 day-1) values were recorded when plants subjected to low-density and inorganic fertilization, while the highest crop growth rate (CGR) (8.0342 g m-2 day-1) was obtained under high-plant density and inorganic fertilization. Concerning specific leaf area (SLA), the highest value (196.28 cm2 g-1) was found in inorganic fertilized treatment. Leaf area index (LAI), Leaf area duration (LAD) and Biomass duration (BMD) were positively affected by both plant density and fertilization with the greatest values observed under high-density and fertilization. In conclusion, plant densities higher than 200 plants m-2 lead to higher crop growth, but lower growth of individual plants and decreased seed yield, while the application of inorganic fertilizers increases crop growth and yield as these fertilizers contain higher levels of nitrogen with high solubility and therefore quick availability for the crop than the organic fertilizers.

scholarly journals Impact of planting density on wheat crop grown under different tree species in tarai agroforestry system of central himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Kavita Satyawali ◽  
Sumit Chaturvedi ◽  
Neema Bisht ◽  
V.C. Dhyani
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Yield Attributes

A field trial based Agroforestry system was established at Pantnagar during Rabi season 2012-13 for predicting the effect of spacing on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Melia azedarach. The experiment was carried out in split-plot design consisting of two tree species in main plot, viz, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Melia azedarch and four spacing treatments in sub-plot viz, 3.0m×1.0m, 3.0m×1.5m, 3.0m×2.0m and 3.0m×2.5m with three replications. The wheat crop variety“UP-2338” was sown on December 06, 2012 and harvested on April 27, 2013. Among the tree species, the maximum (15.1 q /ha) and significantly higher grain yield with 21.8% increment was recorded under Melia as compare to Eucalyptus. Whereas, among the different spacings, the wheat growth in terms of dry biomass at 120 DAS (495.4/m2 ), yield attributes and yield in terms of grain (16.0 q/ha), straw (29.4 q/ha) and biological yield (45.4 q/ha) under Melia was significantly higher at 3 × 2.5 m spacing as compared to other planting density. The correlation coefficient (r) studies exhibited that wheat growth and yield attributing characteristics shows significantly (p<0.05) high degree (r=0.75 to 1) positive correlation with each other. The investigation was done to find out the proper planting density for intercropping of wheat with tree species without comprising the wheat growth and enhancing its sustainability.

scholarly journals INTERAÇÃO DE NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA E DENSIDADE DE PLANTAS NO CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI, EM TERESINA, PI

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Raquel Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Aderson Soares de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro ◽  
Ramilos Rodrigues de Brito ◽  
Marcus Willame Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Irrigation Levels

INTERAÇÃO DE NÍVEIS DE ÁGUA E DENSIDADE DE PLANTAS NO CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI, EM TERESINA, PI  SIMONE RAQUEL MENDES DE OLIVEIRA1; ADERSON SOARES DE ANDRADE JÚNIOR2; VALDENIR QUEIROZ RIBEIRO3; RAMILOS RODRIGUES DE BRITO4 E MARCUS WILLAME CARVALHO5 1Eng. Agrônoma, Doutora em Engenharia Agrícola, Professora Colégio Técnico de Teresina, Teresina – PI, e-mail: [email protected]. Agrônomo, Doutor em Irrigação e Drenagem, Pesquisador da Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina – PI.3Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre em Estatística Experimental, Pesquisador da Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina – PI.4Eng. Agrônomo, Doutorando em Irrigação e Drenagem, UNESP/FCA, Botucatu – SP.5Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre em Irrigação e Drenagem, CCA-UFPI, Teresina – PI.  1 RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência de níveis de água e densidade de plantas no crescimento (matéria seca e área foliar) e produtividade do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Embrapa Meio-Norte, localizada no município de Teresina, Piauí - Brasil, no período de julho a setembro de 2012. O solo local foi classificado como Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo de textura franco-arenosa. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados num esquema fatorial 5 x 4, sendo os fatores cinco níveis de irrigação: 393,53; 340,34; 300,50; 260,39 e 201,73 mm, aplicados por meio de um sistema de irrigação por aspersão convencional, e quatro densidades de plantas: 150.000; 200.000; 250.000; 300.000 plantas ha-1. Apenas na matéria seca não houve interação significativa entre os níveis de irrigação e densidade de plantas. A área foliar, produtividade de grãos, número de vagens por planta, massa de vagens, produtividade de vagens, comprimento de vagem e massa de cem grãos que apresentaram valores máximos de: 1.301,89 cm²; 1.668,86 kg ha-1; 2,24; 2.248,16 kg; 1.873,45 kg ha-1; 18,70 cm e 22,72 g, alcançados com as lâminas de: 367,86; 390,88; 393,53; 393,53; 393,53; 348,40 e 322,63 mm associados às densidades de: 188.000; 241.000; 110.000; 254.000; 254.000; 223.000 e 300.000 plantas.ha-1, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: estresse hídrico, adensamento, competição intraespecífica.  OLIVEIRA, S. R. M. de; ANDRADE JÚNIOR, A. S. de; RIBEIRO, V. Q.; BRITO, R. R. de; CARVALHO, M. W. INTERACTION BETWEEN LEVELS OF WATER AND PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COWPEA IN TERESINA, PI   2 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of levels of water, plant density and their interaction  on growth (dry matter and leaf area) and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.). The experiment was carried out at the experimental area of Middle- North Embrapa in Teresina city, Piauí-Brazil from July to September 2012 in a Ultisol soil.  A randomized block experimental design was used with four replicates.  Treatments were applied in a   5 x 4 factorial design and 5 levels of irrigation as factors:  393.53; 340.34; 300.50; 260.39 and 201.73 mm applied through  an irrigation system by conventional sprinkler, and four plant densities:  150,000; 200,000; 250,000; 300,000 plants ha-1. A significant interaction between irrigation levels and plant density was found in all study parameters except for dry matter.  Leaf area, grain yield, number of pods per plant, pod weight, pod yield, pod length and hundred grain weight had maximum values of   1,301.89 cm²;  1,668.86 kg ha-1; 2.24; 2,248.16 kg; 1,873.45 kg ha-1; 18.70 cm and 22.72 g,  which were reached using the following  water depths:   367.86; 390.88; 393.53; 393.53; 393.53; 348.40 and  322.63 mm associated with densities of : 188,000; 241,000; 110,000;254,000; 254,000; 223,000 and  300,000 plants.ha-1 , respectively. Keywords: water stress, density, intraspecific competition. 

scholarly journals Performances of French bean as influenced by plant density and nitrogen application

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
GMA Halim ◽  
ZA Firoz
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Bush Bean ◽  
Plant Densities

Field experiments with French bean comprising two varieties (BARI bush bean-1 and BARI bush bean-2), three plant densities (500 x 103, 333 x 103, and 250 x 103 plants/ha as maintained by 20 x 10, 30 x 10, and 40 x 10 cm spacings, respectively) and three levels of N (0, 60, and 120 kg/ha) were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali in the district of Rangamati during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2004-05 and 2005-06. BARI bush bean-1 outyielded BARI bush bean-2. The lowest plant density (250 x 10 plants/ha) recorded significantly higher values of growth and yield attributes, except plant height which was the maximum with the highest plant density of 500 x 103 plants/ha. The highest plant density of (500 x 103 plants/ha) resulted in the highest pod yield in comparison with the lower and medium plant densities. Application of 120 kg N/ha coupled with the highest plant density (500 x l03 plants/ha) gave the maximum pod yield of 34.3 t/ha and 30.2 t/ha in BARI bush bean-I and BARI bush bean-2, respectively. Key Words: French bean; plant density; nitrogen.  DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5760Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 105-111, March 2009

THE IMPURITY AND STRUCTURE OF WHEAT IN DEPENDENCE FROM PREDECESSORS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Тулькубаева ◽  
Saniya Tulkubaeva ◽  
Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Pair Number ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Annual Weeds

The purpose of research is to develop methods of increasing and stabilization of wheat production, providing improved phytosanitary condition of crops and crop structure in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. Experimental studies were conducted in Kostanai Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (Republic of Kazakhstan). In the experiment evaluated wheat predecessors in field crop rotations with different structure and set of crops (legumes, oilseeds). On average for the period 2009-2014 less clogged were the first crops of wheat after a couple more clogged – wheat crops for peas and oilseed rape. When sowing the first crop of wheat after the pair number of annual weeds during the growing season has increased by an average of 3.3 times, perennial – 1.5 times. In the case of wheat after pea content of annual weeds has increased 1.4 times, the amount of perennial weeds on average remained at the same level. When sowing wheat after oilseed rape on the period of harvesting the number of annual weeds on average increased by 1.6 times, the amount of perennial weeds decreased by 2.0 times. Thus, the level of infestation of crops the main grain of spring wheat culture in the beginning of the growing season was determined by how effective weed control in crops of previous crops, and at the end of the growing season, before the harvest, and still protect the system in the year of sowing. In terms of the productivity of the average for 2009-2014, research has proved better option sowing wheat crop after the first couple. When plant density of 195 pcs./m2 was formed 294 productive stems, ie, productive tillering was 1.5, with the number of grains per ear – 24.7 pc. and mass of 1000 seeds – 32.3 g. Good crop structure indicators wheat variations showed after peas and oilseed rape. Productive tillering in these cases was 1.4, the mass of 1000 seeds after the pea – 31.9 g, after oilseed rape – 32.0 g.

Effect of tillage and stubble management on soil water storage, crop growth and yield in a wheat-lupin rotation in southern NSW

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
KY Chan ◽  
DP Heenan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Direct Drilling

The effects of tillage (conventional tillage v. direct drilling) and stubble management (stubble retained v. stubble burnt) on soil water storage, growth and yield of wheat were assessed over two seasons (1989-1990) in a wheat-lupin rotation on a red earth at Wagga Wagga, NSW. Soil water storage and efficiency of water use were different for the two seasons. Both direct drilling and stubble retention maintained the soil surface (0-0.1 m) at higher water content at sowing time. However, their effectiveness in increasing soil water storage at sowing was evident only in the 1990 season which, with average rainfall during the summer fallow, was drier than 1989. Average wheat grain yield was similar (4.02 v. 4.08 t/ha) for the two seasons even though the 1989 season had 245 mm more rain, the difference mainly occurring in March-April. Most of the excess water in seasons like 1989 was likely to have been lost by deep drainage, with implications for leaching of soluble nutrients, increasing subsoil acidity and rising watertables. Poor early growth of wheat when the stubble was retained and the crops direct drilled was season dependent. It was observed in the wheat crop only in the 1989 season which had a wet autumn. In that season, poor early growth which resulted in a significant yield reduction of 0.5 t/ha was associated with reduced water extraction before anthesis despite the availability of adequate soil water. No corresponding differences in growth and yield were observed for the lupin crop.

scholarly journals Effect of plant density and foliar fertilizer spray on growth and yield of netted melon (Cucumis melo L.) ‘Inthanon RZ’

2021 ◽  
Vol 130 (1B) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Truong Thi Hong Hai ◽  
Phan Thu Thao
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Similar Growth

The cultivation of netted melon is becoming popular in vegetable farms in Vietnam. The netted melon cultivar ‘Inthanon RZ’ was evaluated for its growth ability, yield, fruit quality, and economic efficiency when treated with densities of 38,000 and 33,000 plants/ha and four foliar fertilizer sprays: Biotic foliar AMINO ACID 1000, NPK NUTRI-GOLD 29-10-10 + 3 MgO + TE, NPK HAI-CHYODA 14-17-12 + 12 S, and NPK DAU TRAU 30-10-5 + TE. The experiment was conducted in a plastic house at the Biotechnology Institute of Hue University from January to April 2019. The experiment area was 72 m2. The results indicate that plants have a similar growth time under the cultivation conditions. The plants grown with the density of 38,000 plants/ha exhibit a higher leaf area index. The actual yield ranges from 34.00 tons/ha (AMINO ACID 1000; 33,000 plants/ha) to 46.22 tons/ha (NPK HAI-CHYODA 14-17-12 + 12 S; 38,000 plants/ha). Applying NPK HAI-CHYODA 14-17-12 + 12S or NPK DAU TRAU results in the Brix grade higher than 12.0 for both plant densities. Powdery mildew is the most frequently observed in the treatments with NPK DAU TRAU. The yield and profit obtained from trading the melon are highest for the density of 38,000 plants/ha with fertilizer NPK HAI-CHYODA 14-17-12 + 12S.

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