Fungicide control of ringspot (Mycosphaerella brassicicola) in Brussels sprouts

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Wicks ◽  
G Lomman ◽  
IS Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Final Harvest ◽  
Fungicide Control

A population of Mycosphaerella brassicicola insensitive to carbendazim (a benzimidazole fungicide) has developed in the main brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) growing area of South Australia. This was evident in a fungicide evaluation experiment in 1986 where ringspot developed despite 9 applications of carbendazim (250 mg a.i./L) on a 10-14-day schedule, whereas in the same area 4 benomyl applications (250 mg a.i./L) on a 21- day schedule controlled the disease in 1970. In 1986, other fungicides such as the protectant chlorothalonil (800 mg a.i./L), and the systemics fenarimol (37.5 mg a.i./L), penconazole (25 mg a.i./L) and triadimefon (125 mg a.i./L) controlled the benzimidazole insensitive strain when applied every 10-14 days. On sprayed plants, fewer than 3 ringspot lesions developed on infected mature leaves, whereas on unsprayed and carbendazim treated plants, more than 100 lesions per leaf developed by the final harvest. Total yield of sprouts was significantly reduced (P = 0.05) in unsprayed plants and half of these were unmarketable compared with more than 80% of the sprouts being marketable in most of the sprayed plots.

Effect of nitrogen and potassium on the yield and quality of irrigated Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) cvv. Roger and Oliver grown in South Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
CMJ Williams ◽  
NA Maier ◽  
MJ Potter ◽  
GG Collins
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

This study was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) on the yield and size distribution of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera) grown with sprinkler irrigation in the Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia. The cultivars grown were Oliver and Roger which are early and mid season types, respectively. Yields of swollen axillary buds or Brussels sprouts were assessed over 4-7 harvests. Five rates of N (0, 125, 250, 375, 600 kg/ha) with 3 rates of K (0, 150, 300 kg/ha) were applied over 8 side-dressings during the 7-8-month cropping period in randomised block experiments. Four experiments were conducted during 1992-93 (sites 1 and 2) and 1993-94 (sites 3 and 4) on silty loam, loam and sandy loam soils. The effect of N and K on sprout colour was determined at sites 3 and 4. Thiocyanate concentrations in sprouts and the bitterness of sprouts, from the nil and highest K treatment, and from plants in the crop adjacent to the experimental area, were determined for sites 1 and 2. In 3 of the 4 experiments, applied N significantly (P<0.001) increased total yield of sprouts harvested. Yield increases due to applied N ranged from 51 to 78%. At site 1 (cv. Oliver), there was no yield response to applied N but at sites 2 and 4 (cv. Roger) and site 3 (cv. Oliver), 319, 377 and 383 kg N/ha, respectively were required for 95% maximum yield. At responsive sites, application of N significantly increased both yield of sprouts at all harvests except harvest 1, and yield of 20-<30 and 30-<40 g sprouts, which are the preferred size ranges. Increasing rates of N significantly (P<0.05) increased yield of 240 g or large sprouts at all 3 responsive sites. The effect of applied N on sprout colour was inconsistent. At site 4, application of N significantly (P<0.001) increased the mean colour rating of sprouts, in contrast, at site 3 the effect was not significant (P>0.05). At both sites, mean colour ratings decreased during the harvest period irrespective of N applied. Total yield, size and colour of sprouts were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by rate of applied K at any site. It was concluded that extractable K concentrations of 140-260 mg/kg in the surface (0-15 cm) soils were adequate and not limiting yield. At site 1, thiocyanate concentration in sprouts and sprout bitterness increased significantly (P<0.001) when the highest rate of K2SO4 was applied. At site 2, which had received higher rates of sulfate-based fertilisers in previous years, the effect was not significant (P>0.05). This finding suggests that application of high rates of K2SO4 to Brussels sprouts should be avoided to ensure bitterness does not adversely affect the marketability of sprouts.

scholarly journals Heat Treatment Affects Postharvest Quality of Kale and Collard, but not of Brussels Sprouts

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Storage Quality ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Heat Injury ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Subsequent Storage

Mature leaves of kale (Brassica oleracea L., Alboglabra group) and collard (Brassica oleracea L., Acephala group), and Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L., Gemmifera group) were heated by moist air at 40, 45, 50, or 55 °C for durations of 0, 30, 60, or 90 minutes. Heating of kale at 45 °C for 30 minutes was effective in maintaining better postharvest quality, delaying yellowing, and reducing losses of sugars and organic acids during subsequent storage at 15 °C. Exposure of collard at 40 °C for 60 minutes also delayed yellowing and maintained turgidity of the leaves. Other treatments were either less beneficial, not effective, or caused injury. Heat injury occurred when temperature and duration exceeded the tolerance levels. In some cases, heat-injured tissues remained green but developed fungal infection. Heat treatments had no measurable effects on the rate of senescence or storage quality of Brussels sprouts.

scholarly journals Heat Treatment Affects Postharvest Quality of Kale and Collard, but not of Brussels Sprouts

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 133c-134
Author(s):  
Chien Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Moist Air ◽  
Storage Quality ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Heat Injury ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Subsequent Storage

Mature leaves of kale (Brassica oleracea L., Alboglabra group) and collard (Brassica oleracea L., Acephala group), and Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L., Gemmifera group) were heated by moist air at 40, 45, 50, or 55 °C for durations of 0, 30, 60, or 90 minutes. Heating of kale at 45 °C for 30 minutes was effective in maintaining better postharvest quality, delaying yellowing, and reducing losses of sugars and organic acids during subsequent storage at 15 °C. Exposure of collard at 40 °C for 60 minutes also delayed yellowing and maintained turgidity of the leaves. Other treatments were either less beneficial, not effective, or caused injury. Heat injury occurred when temperature and duration exceeded the tolerance levels. In some cases, heat-injured tissues remained green but developed fungal infection. Heat treatments had no measurable effects on the rate of senescence or storage quality of Brussels sprouts.

LAMB’S-QUARTERS INTERFERENCE WITH DIRECT SEEDED BROCCOLI

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1215-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRIS BITTERLICH ◽  
MAHESH K. UPADHYAYA
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters ◽  
Cole Crop

Field experiments were conducted in 1987 and 1988 to study the effect of lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.) interference on broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis ’Emperor’) growth and yield. Broccoli growth was initially affected by weed interference at 28–36 d after seeding. Generally, the negative effect of weed interference on broccoli growth increased with increasing weed density and time after seeding. Interference by 15 lamb’s-quarters plants m−2 reduced the biomass of broccoli plants by 71–73% compared to the weed-free control at 57–58 d after seeding. Weed density-crop yield relationship curves showed that one lamb’s-quarters plant m−2 decreased total yield by 18–20% and marketable yield by 22–37%. Lamb’s-quarters reduced the total yield per plot by decreasing the average head weight of broccoli. The number of heads per plot was not affected. Weed interference also reduced the weight of heads classified as marketable (> 10 cm across). However, in 1987 more heads failed to reach a marketable size which resulted in a much smaller marketable yield than in 1988.Key words: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, broccoli, Chenopodium album L., weed density, weed interference, cole crop

scholarly journals Nitrogen Uptake by Table Beet—Validation of a Model

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Feller ◽  
Matthias Fink
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Total N ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities

To reduce nitrogen (N) losses from vegetable fields, fertilizer recommendations should be adjusted according to the large range in yield and thus in N uptake of vegetable crops. Therefore, a model was used to predict total N uptake based on expected yield. The model has been validated successfully in a series of studies for Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera), white cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) and kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes). The objective of this study was to validate the model for table beet (Beta vulgaris L. var. conditiva), a crop with a considerable variability in N uptake, which is caused by a large potential range of selecting sowing dates, plant densities and cultivars. Field experiments were carried out over two years. Fifty-five combinations of N fertilizer levels, plant densities, cultivars and sowing dates were tested. Plants were sampled at 2- or 3-week intervals, and fresh matter, dry matter and N content of leaves and roots were measured. Crop specific model parameters for table beets were determined from independent data. The model wverestimated N uptake for N-limiting conditions, but for optimally fertilized table beets measured and estimated N uptake showed a close correlation (R2 = 0.93) when total yield was used as an input parameter for the model. Although the error of estimation (35 kg·ha-1) was considerable, studies with other vegetable crops using the model found the error even higher if other tools, such as look-up tables, were used for predicting N uptake.

Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (Brussels sprouts)

2019 ◽  
pp. 310-310
Author(s):  
K. Subramanya Sastry ◽  
Bikash Mandal ◽  
John Hammond ◽  
S. W. Scott ◽  
R. W. Briddon
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brussels Sprouts

The effect of aerated hydration on DNA synthesis in embryos of Brassica oleracea L.

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thornton ◽  
A. R. S. Collins ◽  
A. A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

AbstractAgeing causes a delay in the onset of DNA replication in seeds. Aerated hydration for 8 h, a treatment to invigorate seeds, resulted in a reduction of about 12 h in the time difference in the onset of DNA synthesis between unaged and aged embryos of brassica seed. This effect is consistent with a recovery process occurring during aerated hydration of the seed involving the repair of accumulated DNA damage. The occurrence of hydroxyurea-resistant 3H-thymidine incorporation in aged Brussels sprouts embryos during the period 16–32 h from the start of hydration supports this interpretation.

scholarly journals Survival of pathogens of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea Gemmifera Group) in crop residues

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Köhl ◽  
M. Vlaswinkel ◽  
B. H. Groenenboom-de Haas ◽  
P. Kastelein ◽  
R. A. van Hoof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Brussels Sprouts

AVAILABLE SOIL POTASSIUM AND FERTILIZER POTASSIUM FOR BRUSSELS SPROUTS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. MUNRO ◽  
J. A. CUTCLIFFE
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Soil Potassium

Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera DC., Jade Cross) require no potassium fertilizer on Prince Edward Island soils if exchangeable soil K as determined by neutral 1 N ammonium acetate exceeds 100 ppm. Below 75 ppm exchangeable soil K, 186 kg K/ha must be applied for maximum yields. Potassium treatments increased yields at only three of 12 locations studied. Leaf tissue potassium concentration was significantly increased at all locations by the fertilizer treatments. Neutral 1 N ammonium acetate for determining exchangeable K was the best soil analysis extract among those tested for measuring available potassium. Tissue analysis gave no information beyond soil analysis for predicting potassium fertilizer requirements on any soil studied.

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