Pathogenicity of fungi isolated from Cicer arietinum (chickpea) grown in north-western Victoria

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
TW Bretag ◽  
MI Mebalds
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Ascochyta Pisi ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
North Western

Several diseases, Botrytis grey mould, Fusarium wilt, Rhizoctonia root rot, Phoma blight and Sclerotinia stem rot, affecting chickpea grown in north-western Victoria were identified. Although the diseases Fusarium oxysporum and Phoma medicaginis) were are caused by different fungi, they can all cause chickpea plants to wilt and are therefore easily confused. Some pathogens (Ascochyta pisi, Botrytis cinerea, seed-borne and seed transmission may be an important factor in their spread. Pathogenicity studies showed that chickpea plants were also susceptible to common fungal pathogens of field peas and medics.

scholarly journals Biological control of strawberry crown rot, root rot and grey mould by the beneficial fungus Aureobasidium pullulans

BioControl ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudassir Iqbal ◽  
Maha Jamshaid ◽  
Muhammad Awais Zahid ◽  
Erik Andreasson ◽  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Whole Plants

AbstractUtilization of biocontrol agents is a sustainable approach to reduce plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In the present study, we tested the effect of the candidate biocontrol fungus Aureobasidium pullulans (De Bary) G. Armaud on strawberry under in vitro and in vivo conditions to control crown rot, root rot and grey mould caused by Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert and Cohn) and Botrytis cinerea Pers, respectively. A dual plate confrontation assay showed that mycelial growth of P. cactorum and B. cinerea was reduced by 33–48% when challenged by A. pullulans as compared with control treatments. Likewise, detached leaf and fruit assays showed that A. pullulans significantly reduced necrotic lesion size on leaves and disease severity on fruits caused by P. cactorum and B. cinerea. In addition, greenhouse experiments with whole plants revealed enhanced biocontrol efficacy against root rot and grey mould when treated with A. pullulans either in combination with the pathogen or pre-treated with A. pullulans followed by inoculation of the pathogens. Our results demonstrate that A. pullulans is an effective biocontrol agent to control strawberry diseases caused by fungal pathogens and can be an effective alternative to chemical-based fungicides.

scholarly journals Biological control of strawberry crown rot, root rot and grey mould by the beneficial fungus Aureobasidium pullulans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudassir Iqbal ◽  
Maha Jamshaid ◽  
Muhammad Awais Zahid ◽  
Erik Andreasson ◽  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Whole Plants

Abstract Utilization of biocontrol agents is a sustainable approach to reduce plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In the present study, we tested the effect of the candidate biocontrol fungus Aureobasidium pullulans (De Bary) G. Armaud on strawberry under in vitro and in vivo conditions to control, crown rot, root rot and grey mould caused by Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert and Cohn) and Botrytis cinerea Pers respectively. A dual plate confrontation assay showed that mycelial growth of P. cactorum and B. cinerea was reduced by 33- 48% when challenged by A. pullulans as compared with control treatments. Likewise, detached leaf and fruit assays showed that A. pullulans significantly reduced necrotic lesion size on leaves and disease severity on fruits caused by P. cactorum and B. cinerea . In addition, greenhouse experiments with whole plants revealed enhanced biocontrol efficacy against root rot and grey mould when treated with A. pullulans either in combination with the pathogen or pre-treated with A. pullulans followed by inoculation of the pathogens. Our results demonstrate that A. pullulans is an effective biocontrol agent to control strawberry diseases caused by fungal pathogens and can be an effective alternative to chemical-based fungicides.

scholarly journals Agroecological Factors Correlated to Soil DNA Concentrations of Rhizoctonia in Dryland Wheat Production Zones of Washington State, USA

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 683-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Okubara ◽  
Kurtis L. Schroeder ◽  
John T. Abatzoglou ◽  
Timothy C. Paulitz
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Washington State ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Soil Dna ◽  
Bare Patch ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot

The necrotrophic soilborne fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani AG8 and R. oryzae are principal causal agents of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch of wheat in dryland cropping systems of the Pacific Northwest. A 3-year survey of 33 parcels at 11 growers' sites and 60 trial plots at 12 Washington State University cereal variety test locations was undertaken to understand the distribution of these pathogens. Pathogen DNA concentrations in soils, quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction, were correlated with precipitation, temperature maxima and minima, and soil texture factors in a pathogen-specific manner. Specifically, R. solani AG8 DNA concentration was negatively correlated with precipitation and not correlated with temperature minima, whereas R. oryzae concentration was correlated with temperature minima but not with precipitation. However, both pathogens were more abundant in soils with higher sand and lower clay content. Principal component analysis also indicated that unique groups of meteorological and soil factors were associated with each pathogen. Furthermore, tillage did not affect R. oryzae but affected R. solani AG8 at P = 0.06. Lower soil concentrations of R. solani AG8 but not R. oryzae occurred when the previously planted crop was a broadleaf (P < 0.05). Our findings showed that R. solani AG8 concentrations were consistent with the general distribution of bare patch symptoms, based on field observations and surveys of other pathogens, but was present at many sites in which bare patch symptoms were not evident. Management of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch should account for the likelihood that each pathogen is affected by a unique group of agroecological variables.

Control measures of root rot fungal pathogens by producing resistance against twelve wheat cultivars under greenhouse in Nebraska State of USA

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Tony Adesemoye ◽  
Muhammad Ishtiaq ◽  
Mewash Maqbool ◽  
Azhar Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wheat Cultivars

Registration of Rhizoctonia Root Rot Resistant Sugarbeet Germplasm FC 709

Crop Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hecker ◽  
E. G. Ruppel
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot

Registration of Rhizoctonia Root Rot Resistant Sugarbeet Germplasm FC 712

Crop Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hecker ◽  
E. G. Ruppel
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot

scholarly journals Biological control of Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum root rot disease using Trichoderma species

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Abdelwanees Ketta ◽  
Omar Abd El-Raouf Hewedy
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Pea Root Rot

Abstract Background Root rot pathogens reported to cause considerable losses in both the quality and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). It is an aggressive crop disease with detriment economic influence caused by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani among other soil-borne fungal pathogens. Destructive plant diseases such as root rot have been managed in the last decades using synthetic pesticides. Main body Seeking of economical and eco-friendly alternatives to combat aggressive soil-borne fungal pathogens that cause significant yield losses is urgently needed. Trichoderma emerged as promising antagonist that inhibits pathogens including those inducing root rot disease. Detailed studies for managing common bean and pea root rot disease using different Trichoderma species (T. harzianum, T. hamatum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. atroviridae, T. lignorum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, T. cerinum, and T. album) were reported both in vitro and in vivo with promotion of plant growth and induction of systemic defense. The wide scale application of selected metabolites produced by Trichoderma spp. to induce host resistance and/or to promote crop yield, may represent a powerful tool for the implementation of integrated pest management strategies. Conclusions Biological management of common bean and pea root rot-inducing pathogens using various species of the Trichoderma fungus might have taken place during the recent years. Trichoderma species and their secondary metabolites are useful in the development of protection against root rot to bestow high-yielding common bean and pea crops.

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