Effect of rootstock on the production, grape and wine quality of Shiraz vines in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Hedberg ◽  
R McLeod ◽  
B Cullis ◽  
BM Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Grape Yield

The grape production and grape and wine quality of Shiraz vines, grown either on their own roots or on 6 rootstocks that have varying resistance to nematodes, were compared. Vines on the rootstocks Ramsey and Dog Ridge outyielded ungrafted vines by 46 and 48%, respectively, principally because of increased vegetative growth and hence retention of more nodes at pruning. Ramsey rootstock gave a greater grape yield per shoot. The ability of Dog Ridge stocks to produce yields as high as those of Ramsey highlights the importance of adequate pruning levels to enable the full potential of rootstocks to be determined. Vines on the rootstock Dog Ridge produced wines with higher pH values than wines from ungrafted control vines. Nematode counts suggested that the Vitus champini stocks have good tolerance to both rootknot and root lesion nematodes.

scholarly journals Soil and Regulated Deficit Irrigation Affect Growth, Yield and Quality of ‘Nero d’Avola’ Grapes in a Semi-Arid Environment

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriella Barbagallo ◽  
Giuseppe Vesco ◽  
Rosario Di Lorenzo ◽  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Antonino Pisciotta
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield And Quality

The present work studied the effect of two consecutive years of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) compared to rain fed management on the vegetative growth, yield, and quality of ‘Nero d’Avola’ grapes. The trial was conducted separately in two soils (vertisol and entisol) located at the top and bottom hillside of the same vineyard. Vertisol was characterized by greater depth, organic matter, exchangeable K2O, and total N than entisol. RDI was based on an irrigation volume at 25% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) up to end of veraison and 10% of estimated ETc up to 15 days before harvest. Predawn water potential (PDWP) was used as indicator of plant water status and irrigation timing. No difference in irrigation management was evident between vertisol and entisol. Under Mediterranean climate conditions, RDI was able to enhance grape yield and vegetative growth, especially in vertisol, but it reduced berry titratable acidity and total anthocyanins. ‘Nero d’Avola’ showed to adapt to drought conditions in the open field. Both soil type and irrigation regimes may provide opportunities to obtain different ‘Nero d’Avola’ wine quality and boost typicality.

scholarly journals Biological and productive properties of the forms of grapevine cultivar Traminer in the subregion of Nis

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Bratislav Cirkovic ◽  
Dragoljub Zunic ◽  
Mladjan Garic ◽  
Dusica Cirkovic ◽  
Sasa Matijasevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Grapevine Cultivar ◽  
Grape Yield

Traminer is a well-known grapevine cultivar. It is thought to originate from Tramin, Italy, wherefrom it has been introduced to many European countries (France, Switzerland, Austria, Germany). Researches included two Traminer cultivar forms: White Traminer and Red Traminer. Examinations were carried out in a collection vineyard of the Viticulture and Wine Production Center of Nis. The collection vineyard was planted in 1995, with planting space of 3 x 1.2 m. Examinations took three years (2004-2006) and encompassed phenological observations, fertility, vegetative potential of a vine, resistance to Botrytis cinerea and wine quality. A detailed ampelographic description of two Traminer cultivar forms was also provided according to O.I.V. descriptors. The purpose of this paper is to determine growth, fertility, yield, and grape and wine quality of the examined Traminer cultivar forms in the viticultural subregion of Nis. According to the results obtained, the examined forms could be successfully grown in this region. Average grape yield varied depending on conditions of the particular year. White Traminer recorded higher yield, while Red Traminer recorded better quality. In addition, the best vines have been selected within the forms, and they will be used in further studies and multiplication.

Growth of `Bartlett' Pear Seedlings in Response to Number of Root-lesion Nematodes and Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-320
Author(s):  
J.L. Townshend
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

The effects of temperature and root-lesion nematodes [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb)] on the growth of newly germinated `Bartlett' pear seedlings (Pyrus communis L.) were examined. At five temperatures from 10 to 30C, P. penetrans (five per gram of soil) did not purple the leaves. After 8 weeks, leaf number, trunk height, and top and root weights were reduced only at 25C. The number of P. penetrans in the roots were greatest at 15 and 20C. At 20C, P. penetrans (16 per gram of soil) caused the leaves of seedlings to turn purple, and, by 6 weeks after treatment, the nematodes had reduced leaf production, trunk elongation, and top and root growth.

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

scholarly journals Effect of Ferulic Acid-Grafted-Chitosan Coating on the Quality of Pork during Refrigerated Storage

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Guotian Wang ◽  
Yunpeng Liu ◽  
Huimin Yong ◽  
Shuai Zong ◽  
Changhai Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Basic Nitrogen ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Pork is perishable due to oxidation and microbial spoilage. Edible coating based on biopolymers and phenolic compounds is an effective way to preserve the quality of pork. In this study, ferulic acid-grafted-CS (ferulic acid-g-CS) with strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was synthesized through a carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction. The obtained ferulic acid-g-CS was used as an edible coating material for fresh pork. The effect of ferulic acid-g-CS coating on the quality of pork during storage was investigated at 4 °C for 8 days. As compared to the uncoated pork, pork coated with CS and ferulic acid-g-CS showed lower total viable counts, total volatile basic nitrogen values, pH values, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and drip losses. Besides, pork coated with CS and ferulic acid-g-CS presented more compact microstructures than the uncoated pork at the eighth day. Sensory evaluation assay showed pork coated with CS and ferulic acid-g-CS had better color, odor, and over acceptance in comparison with the uncoated pork. Ferulic acid-g-CS coating, due to its relatively higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities compared to CS coating, had a better performance in refrigerated pork preservation. Ferulic acid-g-CS coating effectively extended the shelf life of refrigerated pork to 7 days. This study revealed ferulic acid-g-CS coating was a promising technology for refrigerated pork preservation.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Winemaking Yeasts on the Composition of Aroma-Active Compounds and Flavor of the Fermented Jujube Wine

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Xiaobin Yu ◽  
Fengtao Zhu ◽  
Guangpeng Liu ◽  
Le Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Flavor Quality ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Hexanoate ◽  
Optimal Starter ◽  
Phenethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Decanoate

For the winemaking bioprocess of jujube wine, the selection of optimal starter cultures is one of the major concerns before fermentation. In this study, we investigated the effects of different winemaking yeasts on the composition of aroma-active compounds in the fermented jujube wine and identified the principal components that determine the flavor quality. It showed that the starter winemaking yeasts produced a total of 43 aroma-active compounds, of which esters (e.g., ethyl caprylate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl hexanoate, and phenethyl acetate) contribute more to the wine quality attributes, especially for the improvement of the aroma. Moreover, the composition of aroma-active compounds, for example, the ratio of the content of esters and alcohols, exerts a great impact on the flavor quality of jujube wine. Different starter winemaking yeasts resulted in significant differences in the composition (both species and content) of aroma-active compounds, and thus formed different flavors in the jujube wine. Thus, we propose that screening of a desirable starter winemaking yeast is essential before the fermentation of jujube wine at a large scale, and more considerations should be taken into the resulting composition of aroma-active compounds.

Layered Manufacturing: Challenges and Opportunities

2002 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khershed P. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Science Research ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Layered Manufacturing ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Local Composition ◽  
Photosensitive Polymers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Direction

ABSTRACTLayered Manufacturing (LM) refers to computer-aided manufacturing processes in which parts are made in sequential layers relatively quickly. Parts that are produced by LM can be formed from a wide range of materials such as photosensitive polymers, metals and ceramics in sizes from a centimeter to a few meters with sub-millimeter feature resolutions. LM has found use in diverse areas including biomedical engineering, pharmaceuticals, aerospace, defense, electronics and design engineering. The promise of LM is the capability to make customized complex-shaped functional parts without specialized tooling and without assembly. LM is still a few years away from fully realizing its promise but its potential for manufacturing remains high. A few of the fundamental challenges in materials processing confronting the community are improving the quality of the surface finish, eliminating residual stress, controlling local composition and microstructure, achieving fine feature size and dimensional tolerance and accelerating processing speed. Until these challenges are met, the applicability of LM and its commercialization will be restricted. Sustained scientific activity in LM has advanced over the past decade into many different areas of manufacturing and has enabled exploration of novel processes and development of hybrid processes. The research community of today has the opportunity to shape the future direction of science research to realize the full potential of LM.

Screening of Vietnamese Musa germplasm for resistance to root knot and root lesion nematodes in the greenhouse

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Van den Bergh ◽  
D. T. M. Nguyet ◽  
N. T. Tuyet ◽  
H. H. Nhi ◽  
D. De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

Keeping Quality of Pacific Coast Dogfish

1959 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Moyer ◽  
B. A. Southcott ◽  
E. G. Baker ◽  
H. L. A. Tarr
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Appreciable Increase ◽  
Muscle Ph ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Viable Bacteria

Pacific coast dogfish (Squalus suckleyi) were held 21 days in ice and in refrigerated sea water with and without added chlortetracycline, viable bacterial counts and volatile bases being determined periodically. Viable bacteria increased sharply after about 14 days but the muscle pH values showed little or no increase. No appreciable increase in the total volatile base or trimethylamine content of the muscle was noted until the fish were stored for more than 2 weeks, and then the increases observed were comparatively small.

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