Control of annual grasses in pasture and legume crops with fluazifop-butyl

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (127) ◽  
pp. 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
NR Venn
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Medicago Scutellata ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Direct Drilling

Fluazifop-butyl gave excellent control of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) and barley grass (Hordeum glaucum) in field peas (Pisum sativum), sown snail medic (Medicago scutellata) and regenerated annual medic-grass pasture at 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 kg/ha, respectively. This effect was most pronounced in areas planted by direct drilling because this seeding technique accentuated the build-up of ryegrass and barley grass. Grain yields of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Condor) were higher when sown into areas of annual medic-grass pasture sprayed with fluazifop-butyl in the year preceding the wheat crop.

Selective chemical control of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in oilseed rape, field peas and lupins

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (71) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
TG Reeves ◽  
JM Lumb
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Pisum Arvense ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Selective Chemical

The effectiveness of herbicides for selective control of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus), field peas (Pisum arvense) and narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) was investigated in nine experiments in north-eastern and southern Victoria. Of the herbicides tested, di-allate, trifluralin and simazine significantly reduced ryegrass populations in all experiments where they were used. Pre-planting incorporated treatments were generally more effective than post-sowing or post-emergence treatments in oilseed rape and field peas. Control of ryegrass generally resulted in higher grain yields in all three crops, although lupins showed the greatest response. Dalapon, applied to oilseed rape after emergence, caused flower distortion and reduced yields in some experiments.

Annual ryegrass and volunteer cereal control in lupins using selective post-emergent herbicides

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chambers ◽  
G Code ◽  
G Scammell
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Target Species ◽  
North Eastern

The relative effectiveness of herbicides from the aryloxyphenoxypropionate (fop) and cyclohexanedione (dim) chemical families for the control of volunteer wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oats (Avena sativa), triticale (Triticum x Secale) and annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) in narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) were evaluated over a 3-year period near Rutherglen in north-eastern Victoria. Herbicides tested included diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-pethyl, haloxyfop, propaquizafop, quizalofop-p-ethyl, clethodim, cycloxydim, sethoxydim, and mixes of fluazifop-p-ethyl + diclofop-methyl, and fluazifop-pethyl + sethoxydim. Effective grass control needed to prevent disease carryover is defined as greater than 98%. Haloxyfop at 78 g a.i./ha and clethodim at 120 g a.i./ha consistently gave greater than 98% control of all target species. Quizalofop-p-ethyl at 12 g a.i./ha gave greater than 98% control of volunteer cereals but annual ryegrass control ranged from 83.7 to 44.1%. Cycloxydim at 100 g a.i./ha produced similar oat and ryegrass control to that of 563 g a.i./ha diclofop-methyl. Sethoxydim at 93 g a.i./ha, gave significantly (P < 0.05) better control of annual ryegrass than the recommended rates of diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-p-ethyl and propaquizafop. The addition of 47 g a.i./ha sethoxydim to 32 g a.i./ha fluazifop-p-ethyl significantly improved ryegrass control than low rates of fluazifop-p-ethyl alone.

Alleviation of dormancy in annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seeds by hydration and after-ripening

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Gallagher ◽  
Kathryn J. Steadman ◽  
Andrew D. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Dormant Seed ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Two Populations

The effect of hydration (priming) treatment on dormancy release in annual ryegrass seeds from two populations was investigated. Hydration duration, number, and timing with respect to after-ripening were compared in an experiment involving 15 treatment regimens for 12 wk. Seeds were hydrated at 100% relative humidity for 0, 2, or 10 d at Weeks 1, 6, or 12 of after-ripening. Dormancy status was assessed after each hydration treatment by measuring seed germination at 12-hourly alternating 25/15 C (light/dark) periods using seeds directly from the hydration treatment and seeds subjected to 4 d postpriming desiccation. Seeds exposed to one or more hydration events during the 12 wk were less dormant than seeds that remained dry throughout after-ripening. The longer hydration of 10 d promoted greater dormancy loss than either a 2-d hydration or no hydration. For the seed lot that was most dormant at the start of the experiment, two or three rather than one hydration event or a hydration event earlier rather than later during after-ripening promoted greater dormancy release. These effects were not significant for the less-dormant seed lot. For both seed lots, the effect of a single hydration for 2 d at Week 1 or 6 of after-ripening was not manifested until the test at Week 12 of the experiment, suggesting that the hydration events alter the rate of dormancy release during subsequent after-ripening. A hydrothermal priming time model, usually used for modeling the effect of priming on germination rate of nondormant seeds, was successfully applied to dormancy release resulting from the hydration treatments.

Assessment of the feeding value of South Dakota-grown field peas (Pisum sativum L.) for growing pigs12

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 2568-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Stein ◽  
G. Benzoni ◽  
R. A. Bohlke ◽  
D. N. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Feeding Value

Annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seed survival and digestibility in cattle and sheep

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stanton ◽  
J. Piltz ◽  
J. Pratley ◽  
A. Kaiser ◽  
D. Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Seed Survival ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

A trial was conducted to investigate the survival and digestibility of annual ryegrass (ARG) seed (Lolium rigidum L.) eaten by sheep and cattle. Sheep (n= 8) and cattle (n = 8) were fed a basal diet containing 1:1 lucerne chaff:oaten chaff with (ARG) or without (control) the inclusion of 20% total dry matter of annual ryegrass seed in a changeover design. Intake was restricted to 17 g/kg liveweight. Digestibility of the control diet was lower (P<0.01) for sheep than cattle. Annual ryegrass seed was present (P<0.01) in the faeces of both sheep and cattle within 24 h of first ingestion. Some 10.8 and 32.8% of seed ingested was excreted by sheep and cattle respectively, with 3.9% (sheep) and 11.9% (cattle) remaining germinable. Annual ryegrass seed continued to be excreted by both sheep and cattle up to 5 days after removal from the diet. Dry matter digestibility of the annual ryegrass diet was 53% in cattle.

Proximate and mineral composition of field peas

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Warkentin ◽  
A. G. Sloan ◽  
S. T. Ali-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

Field pea seeds from 10 cultivars grown at two locations in Manitoba in 1986 and 1987 were analyzed for proximate and mineral profiles. Cultivars differed significantly in their level of total protein, crude fat, ADF, and all minerals tested. However, differences were not extremely large and were comparable to European reports. Location-year also had a significant effect on the levels of total protein, ADF, and all minerals tested. In most cases, the warmest location-year produced relatively higher levels of minerals, ash, and total protein, and lower seed yield than the coolest location-year. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum L., mineral

scholarly journals Cross-Resistance to Herbicides in Annual Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)

1990 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 1180-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Matthews ◽  
Joseph A. M. Holtum ◽  
David R. Liljegren ◽  
Barbara Furness ◽  
Stephen B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Resistance To Herbicides

Temperature/light interactions and the effect of seed source on germination of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) seeds

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Gramshaw
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Alternating Temperature ◽  
Germinating Seeds ◽  
Temperature Optima

Germination of Lolium rigidum seeds, in the light (12 hr day length) and in the dark, was studied at constant and alternating (12/12 hr) temperatures in the range 8–35°C. Seeds had after-ripened for 22 weeks. Different constant temperature optima for germinability were found: 27° in light and 11° in dark. Germinability at alternating temperatures in darkness was determined solely by the minimum temperature of the alternation, and there was no response to thermoperiodicity per se. In contrast, light and alternating temperature appeared to interact to increase germinability, although the highest germinability occurred only when the maximum temperature was close to the optimum constant temperature, i.e. about 27°. Germination in both light and dark was most rapid where either the constant or the average temperature of an alternating regime was between 18 and 29°. Below 18° germination rates decreased markedly, and at 8°, rates were one-third of those at 18°. Seeds germinated more slowly in light than in darkness at all temperatures, but the differences were small relative to the effects of low temperatures.In another study, seeds collected from plants naturalized in eight different localities in the cereal belt of Western Australia and subsequently planted together in two contrasting environments were examined for germinability at 24/12°C in light and dark 18 weeks after harvest. Dark germinability differed between seed sources but not between planting sites, and ranged between 78 and 93%. Exposure of germinating seeds to light substantially alleviated dormancy in seeds from all sources.

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