Responses of nine tropical grasses to nitrogen fertilizer under rain-grown conditions in south-eastern Queensland. 2. Concentrations and uptakes of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plant tops

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (126) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
BG Cook ◽  
JC Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
A Site ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations were determined in plant tops harvested every four weeks from nine tropical grasses fertilized with nitrogen on ten occasions at eight week intervals. Nitrogen was applied at three rates-25, 50 and 100 kg/ha (N25, N50, N100)-on each occasion. Grasses were rain-grown without grazing at a site near Gympie with an average annual rainfall of 1160 mm. Overall, nitrogen concentration in the tops increased and potassium concentration decreased with increasing nitrogen application. Phosphorus concentrations were constant at N25 and N50, but were lower at N 100. Mean nitrogen concentration was highest at 2.4% in Pennisetum clandestinum cv. Whittet, and lowest at 1 .9% in Chloris gayana cvv. Callide and Katambora, with intermediate concentrations occurring in Digitaria decumbens, Setaria sphacelata var. sericea cv. Narok, Panicum maximum cvv. Gatton and Makueni, Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk and Paspalurn plicatulum cv. Bryan. Phosphorus concentration was highest in Whittet at 0.38% and lowest in Bryan at 0.25%. Potassium concentration was highest in Whittet at 2.53% and Narok at 2.29% and lowest in Katambora at 1 .48%. The implications of these concentrations and calculated nutrient uptakes are discussed in relation to animal and plant nutrition.

scholarly journals Concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Sorghum Plants Grown at Different Levels of Nitrogen Nutrition

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Svetla Kostadinova ◽  
Zivko Todorov ◽  
Ivan Velinov
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Different Levels

The pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to study the effect of nitrogen nutrition of 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg N.kg-1 soil on the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sorghum plants. The plants were analyzed in 4-5 leaves growth stage by dividing the leaves, stems and roots. It was established that the sorghum plants formed the largest amount of dry biomass when grown at N600 level. Higher levels (N600 and N800) increased the nitrogen content of stems and roots and phosphorus in all plant parts, but they significantly reduced the nitrogen concentration in the leaves. The concentration of potassium in the leaves and stems increased in parallel with the levels of nitrogen from 3.64% K2O and 4.02% K2O at N0 to 4.42% K2O and 5.03% K2O at N800, respectively. The nitrogen level very strongly positively correlated with the nitrogen concentration of roots (r = 0.927**) and the potassium concentration of leaves (r = 0.993**) and stems (r = 0.985**). The relationship between nitrogen fertilization and the nitrogen concentration of leaves was negative (r = - 0.535*). The positive and proven relationship was established between the nitrogen level and the phosphorus concentration of plant organs.

Diagnostic leaf analysis for stone fruit. 7. Effects of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on leaf composition of peach

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Leece
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Leaf Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The effects of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the leaf composition of Halehaven peach trees were measured for two seasons in a factorial experiment conducted in a block of mature, bearing trees on a sandy loam soil. Fertilizer nitrogen increased the leaf concentrations of nitrogen, iron, copper, manganese and zinc, and decreased the concentrations of potassium, calcium, magnesium and boron. Phosphorus concentration was not changed. Effects of fertilizer phosphorus and potassium on leaf composition were very slight and would not have been of practical importance in diagnosis by leaf analysis.

scholarly journals Concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tropical grasses fertilised with wood ash in cerrado oxisol

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bonfim-Silv Edna ◽  
Cardoso dos Santos Claudia ◽  
Jos Arajo da Silva Tonny ◽  
Lacerda Matos Pereira Scaramuzza Walcylene
Keyword(s):  
Wood Ash ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Litterfall and nutrient cycling in four Hawaiian montane rainforests

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Vitousek ◽  
Grant Gerrish ◽  
Douglas R. Turner ◽  
Lawrence R. Walker ◽  
Dieter Mueller-Dombois
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mauna Loa ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Material Texture ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Substrate Age ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

ABSTRACTThe mass of fine litterfall and nutrient circulation through litterfall were determined in four Melrosideros polymorpha/Cibotium spp.-dominated rainforests that differed in substrate age, parent material texture and annual precipitation on Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes on the island of Hawaii. Three of the sites had rates of litterfall of 5.2 Mg ha−1 y−1; the fourth, which was on the most fertile soil, produced 7.0 Mg ha−1 y−1 of litterfall with higher concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. Tree ferns of the genus Cibotium cycled relatively large amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium through litterfall; their contribution to nutrient circulation was disproportionate to their mass in the forest, or in litterfall. The forest on the youngest substrate, which also had the lowest concentrations of nitrogen in litterfall, was fertilized with complete factorial combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and a treatment consisting of all other plant nutrients. Additions of nitrogen increased the quantity and nitrogen concentration in litterfall during the second year following the initiation of fertilization, while no other treatment had a significant effect. Additions of nitrogen had no effect on litterfall mass or nutrient concentrations in the most nutrient-rich site.

scholarly journals Determination of Increase in Yield of Tropical Grasses Inoculated with Spirillum lipoferum

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
N. N. Ngerebara ◽  
L. O. Amadi ◽  
G. C. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
Yield Responses

Increase in yield of tropical grasses viz. digit grass (Digitaria decumbens), guinea grass (Panicum maximum) and pearl millet (Penisetum americanum) inoculated with tropical nitrogen-fixing bacterium, Spirillum lipoferum was investigated. The study was carried out for three consecutive years (2016-2018). Dry matter yields and protein content of the three tropical grasses were used for the assessment. In 2017, pearl millet (Penisetum americanum) and guinea grass (Panicum maximum) produced significantly higher protein content and dry matter yields. Projected yields using regression analysis of both pearl millet and guinea grass indicated that about 40kgN ha-1 yr-1 were replaced by inoculation. Although, protein production of guinea grass was lower during 2018, dry matter yield responses were similar to those of 2017. This research has shown that inoculation with Spirillum lipoferum, a tropical nitrogen-fixing bacterium reduced acetylene and increased yields or reduced nitrogen fertilizer requirement of the tropical grasses as well as replacement of up to 40KgN ha-1. This amount is agro-economically important and suggests the viability and potential for grass-bacteria systems.

scholarly journals SUPPLY OF NPK ELEMENTS THROUGH PRECIPITATION AND THROUGHFALL IN A COPPICE OF GREEN OAK IN THE EAST OF ALGERIA

AGROFOR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toufik BENHIZIA ◽  
Bachir OUDJEHIH ◽  
Salim LEBBAL
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Nutrient provisions through precipitation and throughfall represent major factor of the sustainability of the forest ecosystem. Nevertheless, data related to this aspect are non-existent in Algeria. Precipitation and throughfall volumes and their contributions in NPK elements were evaluated between 2012 and 2013, in a green oak coppice at Marconna in Aurès (eastern Algeria). Precipitation volumes were evaluated by the placement of 10 containers in a bare soil. To quantify the throughfall, four containers were installed under the canopy of each tree among 25 selected trees. Water samples taken from previously rinsed plastic bottles with distilled water were kept away from light and transported to the laboratory for volume estimation and chemical analysis, as quickly as possible. After rapid filtration, samples became ready for NPK analysis. Various devices and chemicals were used for the measurements of NPK elements in the laboratory. Kjeldahl's method, colorimetry and flame photometry were used for quantifying total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively. The results showed that annual rainfall amounts varied between 223,9 and 289,6 mm, whereas the annual throughfall was 127,1 mm for 2012 and 189,8 mm for 2013.Besides, the annual quantities of N, P and K returned to the soil by the rainfall ranged from 5,05 to 7,62 kg/ ha/year. However, the throughfall results showed that the coppice accumulated amounts of N, P and K elements varying between 4,08 and 5,47 kg / ha / year. On average, nitrogen was the most provided element. It represented 47,07%.

Responses of nine tropical grasses to nitrogen fertilizer under rain-grown conditions in south-eastern Queensland. 1. Seasonal dry matter productivity

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (126) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
BG Cook ◽  
JC Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments

Nine tropical grasses were fertilized with 25, 50 and 100 kg N/ha on ten occasions at two-month intervals. No nitrogen was applied when conditions were too cold and/or dry for pasture growth. Samples (> 10 cm height) were taken at four-week intervals to estimate dry matter yield. Growth patterns of all grasses were similar, with a warm season peak and cool season trough. Nitrogen treatments did not greatly alter the growth pattern, although all species showed a yield response to increasing levels of nitrogen. Cumulative dry matter yields of Chloris gayana cvv. Callide and Katambora, Setaria sphacelata var. sericea cv. Narok, Digitaria decumbens and Panicum maximum cv. Makueni did not differ at N25 (P < 0.05), each producing about 10 t/ha. This significantly exceeded 5 t/ha from Pennisetum clandestinum cv. Whittet and Panicum maximum cv. Gatton. The same high-yielding group produced 15-16 t/ha at N50, while Gatton yielded 11.4 t/ha and Whittet 8.4 t/ha. At N 100, Callide, Katambora and Makueni were the highest yielding grasses (24-26 t/ha), and Whittet the lowest (15 t/ha). Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk and Paspalum plicatulum cv. Bryan died out before the final harvests. Species responsiveness is discussed in terms of increment in dry matter yield per unit of applied nitrogen.

The effect of potassium on the growth and chemical composition of some tropical and temperate pastrure legumes. II. Potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and chloride

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Andrew ◽  
MF Robins
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Seven tropical and four temperate pasture legumes were grown in pots of a potassium-deficient soil with varying additions of potassium chloride. Growth responses and chemical composition were recorded. From the latter, data and discussion are presented for two groups of nutrients: cations (potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium) and nitrogen, phosphorus, and chloride. The multiple analyses permitted (a) an assessment of the effect of potassium chloride treatment on the above elements in the various plants, (b) a check of nutrient sufficiency at all levels of potassium treatment, and (c) the partial mineral characterization of those species. Species used were Phaseolus lathyroides, P. atropurpureus, Desrnodium intortum, D. uncinatum, Stylosanthes humilis, Lotononis bainesii, Centrosema pubescens, Medicago sativa, M. truncatula, Trifolium repens, and T. fragiferum. Within the cation group, potassium application had little effect on the plant potassium concentration at low treatment levels, despite large increases in growth; at medium to high application rates, potassium concentration increased in the plant tissue. Potassium treatment caused decreases in calcium, magnesium, and sodium in the plant tissue, but these effects were not general for all species. In P. lathyroides, P. atropurpureus, and M. sativa the effect of added potassium chloride on plant calcium was relatively small compared with that for the remaining species. In C. pubescens, M. truncatula, and T. fragiferum there was little to no effect of potassium chloride on magnesium concentration; in other species the uptake of magnesium was depressed. Sodium concentrations in D. intortum, D. uncinatum, and C. pubescens were not affected by potassium chloride additions; in other species there were substantial reductions. In both cases, magnesium and sodium, the species which did not show any interaction with potassium chloride were relatively low in magnesium and sodium respectively. There was little effect of treatment on total cation contents. Potassium chloride applications had no effect on plant nitrogen concentration but increased the concentration of chloride and decreased that of phosphorus; these effects, however, were also conditioned by species. The Desrnodium species were depressed in growth by high chloride.

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