The effect of method of application and presence of sulphate on phosphate fixation from three phosphate fertilizers applied to a krasnozem soil

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (105) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Aitken ◽  
JD Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Phosphate Fixation ◽  
P Fertilizers

Fixation of phosphate from monocalcium, monoammonium and diammonium phosphate in a krasnozem soil was investigated in two glasshouse trials. The extent of fixation was assessed from the dry matter yield and phosphorus uptake of tomato plants. Less phosphate was fixed from monocalcium phosphate than from the ammonium phosphates, which was attributed to the higher diffusion rates of the latter and to the precipitation of dicalcium phosphate at the site of monocalcium phosphate placement. Banding of sub-optimal quantities of phosphorus increased yields, although the results suggest that banding only temporarily reduces fixation of the ammonium phosphates. Sulphate significantly increased the uptake of phosphorus when added with each of the three P fertilizers. The effect was greater when the fertilizer was banded than when mixed with the soil.

Response of subterranean clover to rock phosphates as affected by particle size and depth of mixing in the soil

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Alston ◽  
KW Chin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Christmas Island

Samples of Christmas Island and Florida rock phosphates with different particle size ranges were applied to a phosphorus-deficient acid sandy soil. The rock phosphates were compared with monocalcium phosphate at various levels of addition of phosphorus. The fertilizers were mixed uniformly with either the top 1, 5, or 10 cm of the soil. Dry matter yield and phosphorus uptake in the tops of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) and the distribution (by weight) of the roots in the soil were determined. Monocalcium phosphate produced higher dry matter yields (tops and roots) than rock phosphates, even when the latter were applied in amounts containing four times the amount of phosphorus added as monocalcium phosphate. The concentration and uptake of phosphorus in the tops was also higher when monocalcium phosphate was applied, although the difference in concentration decreased as the plants matured. Dry matter yield and phosphorus concentration in the clover tops were increased by increasing the fineness of grinding of rock phosphate and by increasing the depth of mixing with the soil. Increasing the depth of mixing also produced a greater weight and more even distribution of roots. The yield of tops and roots was unaffected by the depth to which monocalcium phosphate was mixed, although shallow placement concentrated the distribution of the roots near the soil surface. Florida rock phosphate was a better source of phosphorus for subterranean clover than Christmas Island rock when the samples were coarsely ground, but both rocks were equally effective when ground to give 70 per cent < 100 mesh B.S.S.

YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF BROMEGRASS-ALFALFA AS AFFECTED BY AMMONIUM NITRATE AND AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
N. W. HOLT
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Monoammonium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
Total Uptake ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer at rates to 44 kg/ha increased the dry matter yield of bromegrass-alfalfa at all levels of monoammonium phosphate application. Nitrogen fertilizer increased the yield of the grass and decreased the yield of alfalfa. As a result, N content of the forage was generally decreased while total uptake of nitrogen was increased with fertilizer. Rates of N to 22 kg∙ha−1∙yr−1 did not result in an accumulation of NO3–N in the 0- to 30-cm soil zone while higher rates only marginally increased soil NO3–N.Key words: Bromegrass, alfalfa, fertilizer

Variability in soybean germ plasm for phosphorus uptake and use efficiency for dry matter yield

2001 ◽  
pp. 74-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. C. Furlani ◽  
P. R. Furlani ◽  
R. T. Tanaka ◽  
H. A. A. Mascarenhas ◽  
M. D. P. Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

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