Control of apple of Peru (Nicandra physalodes) in maize on the Atherton Tableland, Queensland

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Nicandra Physalodes

On the Atherton Tableland, Queensland, apple of Peru (Nicandra physalodes) is a problem weed in maize. The competitive effects of N, physalodes, the effectiveness of various control measures and the residual life of atrazine (2-chloro-6-ethylamino-4-isopropylamino-I ,3,5-triazine) were investigated in three experiments each repeated over two seasons. In 1973 (a late season) populations of N. physalodes as low as 4.7 m-2 reduced yields by about 35 per cent and would have caused harvester impedance in a commercial situation. In 1973-74 (an early season) N. physalodes had less effect on yield but would still have impeded harvesting. In 1973 atrazine used pre-emergence at 2.24 kg a.i. ha-1 was sufficient for satisfactory weed control. During 1973-74 when weed growth was prolonged after crop ripening by wet weather a split application of atrazine applied at 1 .12 kg a.i, ha-1 pre-emergence followed six weeks later by a further 1.12 kg a.i. ha-1 was better in controlling weeds at harvest than the single pre-emergence application. Under the conditions of these experiments atrazine used at the above rates did not cause damage to oats planted immediately after the maize harvest.

Chemical Herbicides and Forestation

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Plantation Establishment ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Weeds Control ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity

Weeds commonly impair the growth of forest crop trees. Control measures rely increasingly on herbicides, large-scale use of which dates from the development of chlorophenoxyacetic herbicides in the 1940's. Weed control is not to kill weeds but to divert growth resources into crop trees. The herbicide tool becomes increasingly powerful and versatile because of new herbicides and new ways of using them. Of the organic herbicides, only phenols have high mammalian toxicity. It is highly improbable that problems could arise from use of herbicides in normal forestry operations. Herbicides make available to crop trees nutrients that would otherwise be taken up by weeds and those that are released by killed weeds. Control measures are especially important during plantation establishment. Grasses and herbs, and woody weeds are the main types of weed growth. Effective control measures may be devised for almost any situation.

Late-Season Weed Control in Glyphosate-Resistant Sugarbeet

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Wilson ◽  
Gustavo M. Sbatella
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Late Season ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Weed Growth

Field trials were conducted from 2006 through 2008 to determine the influence of ethofumesate applied at planting followed by dimethenamid-p ors-metolachlor applied to emerged sugarbeet for late-season weed control in glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet. The entire plot area was kept weed-free until mid-June by applying glyphosate at the four- and eight-true-leaf sugarbeet growth stages. Glyphosate was not applied from mid-June until late-July to allow weed growth as a measure of the residual benefit from ethofumesate, dimethenamid-p, ands-metolachlor applied earlier in the growing season. Dimethenamid-p was not as effective ass-metolachlor in reducing weed density in mid-July. Late-season weed suppression from boths-metolachlor and dimethenamid-p benefitted from ethofumesate applied at planting. Dimethenamid-p applied when sugarbeet reached the six-true-leaf growth stage reduced weed density and sugarbeet injury more than earlier applications. The lowest weed density in mid-July was achieved whens-metolachlor was applied at the six- to eight-true-leaf sugarbeet growth stage compared to earlier growth stages. A planting time application of ethofumesate followed by two glyphosate applications pluss-metolachlor at the eight-true-leaf sugarbeet growth stage provided 89% more weed control in mid-July than glyphosate alone. Suppressing late-season weed development increased sugarbeet root yield 15% compared with areas not receiving ethofumesate ands-metolachlor.

Weed Control in a Conservation Tillage Rotation in the Texas Blacklands

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Brown ◽  
James M. Chandler ◽  
John E. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
No Till ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
And Control

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate weed control systems in a conservation tillage rotation of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench.] – cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) – wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). Herbicide systems included fall and spring/summer inputs of high and low intensity. Tillage regimes were no-till (NT) and reduced-till (RT) systems; the latter included fall primary tillage followed by spring stale seedbed planting. Both tillage systems utilized controlled traffic lanes and wide, raised beds. Effective johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers. # SORHA] control required intense herbicide inputs at one or both application periods, i.e., in the fall and/or spring/summer. Grain sorghum and cotton yields for the most intense weed control system, which included high inputs in both the fall and spring/summer, were not superior to systems that included high inputs in only one of the two application periods. Seedling johnsongrass emergence occurred before spring planting in RT (but not in NT) in 2 of 3 yr, and control measures were ineffective. After 3 yr, the predominant weeds were johnsongrass and browntop panicum (Panicum fasciculatumSw. # PANFA).

Effects of Weed Control in Established Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) on Forage Yield and Quality

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Cosgrove ◽  
Michael Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Forage Yields

The effects of weed control measures in established alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) on forage yield and quality were investigated at three sites with varying alfalfa densities and weed populations. Herbicide treatments were 0.56 and 1.12 kg/ha metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] applied in fall or spring, respectively, 1.68 kg/ha pronamide [3,5-dichloro (N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide] applied in fall, and combinations of these treatments. First-harvest forage yields (weeds plus alfalfa) were either reduced or unchanged by herbicide treatments. Total forage yield was not altered by the herbicide treatments, but first-harvest and total alfalfa yield as well as first-harvest forage protein content were increased by several treatments, depending on stand density and weed pressure. Little effect was observed on in vitro digestible dry matter or acid detergent fiber content.

scholarly journals Weed control in corn and weed sample size for growth evaluations

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Tavella ◽  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
V.R. Oliveira ◽  
P.L.O. Fernandes ◽  
R.P. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Experimental Variation ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Viable Seeds

The objectives of this study were to evaluate baby corn yield, green corn yield, and grain yield in corn cultivar BM 3061, with weed control achieved via a combination of hoeing and intercropping with gliricidia, and determine how sample size influences weed growth evaluation accuracy. A randomized block design with ten replicates was used. The cultivar was submitted to the following treatments: A = hoeings at 20 and 40 days after corn sowing (DACS), B = hoeing at 20 DACS + gliricidia sowing after hoeing, C = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing + hoeing at 40 DACS, D = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing, and E = no hoeing. Gliricidia was sown at a density of 30 viable seeds m-2. After harvesting the mature ears, the area of each plot was divided into eight sampling units measuring 1.2 m² each to evaluate weed growth (above-ground dry biomass). Treatment A provided the highest baby corn, green corn, and grain yields. Treatment B did not differ from treatment A with respect to the yield values for the three products, and was equivalent to treatment C for green corn yield, but was superior to C with regard to baby corn weight and grain yield. Treatments D and E provided similar yields and were inferior to the other treatments. Therefore, treatment B is a promising one. The relation between coefficient of experimental variation (CV) and sample size (S) to evaluate growth of the above-ground part of the weeds was given by the equation CV = 37.57 S-0.15, i.e., CV decreased as S increased. The optimal sample size indicated by this equation was 4.3 m².

scholarly journals (220) Pelargonic Acid Weed Control Parameters

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1034D-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Webber ◽  
James W. Shrefler
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Pelargonic Acid ◽  
Nonanoic Acid ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Visual Damage ◽  
Multiple Species

Producers and researchers are interested in pelargonic acid (nonanoic acid) as a broad-spectrum postemergence or burn-down herbicide. Pelargonic acid is a fatty acid naturally occurring in many plants and animals, and present in many foods we consume. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of pelargonic acid concentration, adjuvants, and application timing on weed control efficacy as a burn-down herbicide. Field research was conducted at Lane, Okla. (southeast Oklahoma), during the 2005 growing season. One month prior to spraying the weed control treatments, the land was cultivated to kill the existing weeds and provide a uniform seed bed for new weed growth. The factorial weed control treatments included three application concentrations of Scythe (57.0% pelargonic acid) applied at 3%, 6.5%, and 10%; three adjuvants (none, orange oil, and non-ionic surfactant); and two application dates. All herbicide treatments were applied with an application volume of 935 L/ha to seedling weeds. The experiment had a high weed density with multiple species of grass and broadleaf weeds. Weed control across species increased as the herbicide concentrations increased from 0% to 10%. At all concentrations applied, pelargonic acid produced greater weed control for a longer time period for the broadleaf weeds than the grass weeds. Visual damage to the weeds was often apparent within a few hours after application. There was a significant increase in weed control when applied to the younger weeds. In this research, pelargonic acid was effective in controlling both broadleaf and grass weeds as a burn-down herbicide, although crabgrass was tougher to control.

scholarly journals Split fertilization as a strategy to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied in potato crops form Colombia. Case of study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Oscar Iván Monsalve ◽  
Eduardo María Espitia ◽  
Martha Marina Bolaños-Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Potato Plant ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Potato Crops ◽  
Positive Effect

In potato crops in Colombia, fertilization has low efficiency in terms of absorption of nutrients by the plant due to fixing, leaching or volatilization processes. To counter this phenomenon, we evaluated the effect of the split application of fertilizers on potato plants and soil. Five treatments were evaluated: Control - fertilization used by farmers locally; As - fertilization recommended by the lab; AsSplit - monthly split of lab recommendation; AsSplit25 - monthly split of lab recommendation, reduced globally by 25%; AsSplit50 - monthly split of the lab recommendation, reduced globally by 50%. AsSplit treatment generated the highest yield (34.13 t ha-1), while treatments that reduced the amount of fertilizer by 25% and 50% obtained the lowest yield (30.94 and 29.57 t ha-1, respectively). However, they generated the lowest amount of NO3- in the leachate measurements at 30 and 90 cm deep. Our results suggest that designing the fertilization formula and applying it according to the requirements of the potato plant and soil fertility generates a positive effect on yield crop and environmental.

scholarly journals Weed control in soybean (Glycine max L.) through resource management strategies and its influence on yield and nutrient uptake

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 539-543
Author(s):  
Aradhana Bali ◽  
B. R. Bazaya ◽  
Sandeep Rawal
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Quizalofop Ethyl

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2011 at Research Farm, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha, Jammu to evaluate the effect of weed management prac-tices on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean utilizing different resource management strategies. The lowest weed density and dry matter of weeds was recorded with hand weeding at 15 and 35 days after sowing (DAS) which was equally effective as imazethapyr @ 75 g ha -1 (PoE) fb hoeing at 35 DAS and quizalofop-ethyl @ 40 g ha-1 (PoE) fb hoeing at 35 DAS. All weed control treatments had significant effect on yield and nutrient up-take of soybean. Among the different weed control treatments, lowest N, P and K uptake by weeds were recorded in hand-weeding (15 and 35 DAS) which was statistically at par with imazethapyr @ 75 g ha -1 fb hoeing at 35 DAS. The maximum uptake by seed and straw were recorded in weed free which was statistically at par with twice hand weeding at 15 and 35 DAS, imazethapyr @ 75 g ha-1 fb hoeing at 35 DAS and quizalofop-ethyl @ 40 g ha-1 fb hoeing at 35 DAS. The highest seed and straw yield of soybean was harvested with hand-weeding (15 and 35 DAS) followed by imazethapyr @ 75 g ha -1 fb hoeing at 35 DAS. For the first time, soybean crop has been introduced in Jammu region for research purpose. Weed management varies with agro-climatic conditions. The study would be helpful to understand weed menace in this particular climatic condition of Jammu and to manage them combinedly and efficiently.

scholarly journals CONTROL OF WEEDS IN AGROCENOSIS OF NUTU

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Yurii Shcatula ◽  
Volodymyr Votyk
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Harmful Effects

Nowadays no herbicide has been approved for use on chickpea crops has been officially registered in Ukraine. Weed control measures are mainly used. However, many years of experience in the use of a number of herbicides in our country and in other countries. In this regard, the effectiveness and selectivity of soil preparations such as Harnes, 90% k.e., and Frontier Optima, 72% k.e. were studied in chickpea crops. These herbicides were applied after sowing chickpeas until the emergence of seedlings. Application of Harness herbicide, 90% k.e., at a rate of 3.0 l / ha in the soil before the emergence of chickpea seedlings leads to a decrease in weed vegetation a month after application of the herbicide to 88% compared to control areas where measures to protect against storms vegetation was not carried out. The regulation of the number of weeds and their harmful effects in chickpea agrophytocenoses to an economically harmless level is an important condition in the technology of its cultivation. The most relevant weed control is at the beginning of the growing season of the crop, since this the chickpea grows very slowly, is in the rosette phase for a long time, and therefore does not withstand competition from weeds. To increase the yield of chickpea seeds, an important place in the technology of growing crops is the use of herbicides and biological products. Inoculation of chickpea seeds with Rizobofitt at a consumption rate of 1 l / t and with a biofungicidal preparation Biopolycide at a consumption rate of 100 ml/t, by introducing a soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% k.e., at a consumption rate of 1,2 l/ha, contribute to the reduction of weeds to 91%, and the ability to obtain the yield of chickpea seeds at the level of 2,12 t/ha.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document