Comparison of some Stylosanthes species at three sites in central Queensland

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (82) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Edye ◽  
JB Field ◽  
HG Bishop ◽  
RL Hall ◽  
JH Prinsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Native Grasses ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
The Third ◽  
Plant Densities

Nineteen accessions of eight Stylosanthes species were grown in association with volunteer species (mainly native grasses) for three years in small mown swards at three different sites in central Queensland. The outstanding accessions for dry matter yield were S. scabra 40292 and 40205: they significantly out-yielded S. hamata cv. Verano at all three sites and their plant densities in the third year at the wettest site were significantly higher than all other accessions except S. scabra 49833. At all sites, 'Verano' gave significantly higher mean annual dry matter yields than S. guyanensis cv. Oxley and S. humilis cv. Paterson. Other accessions that showed promise were S. scabra 49833 and 40289 and S. viscosa 34904: the latter accession performed relatively better at the wettest site.

Une régie de trois coupes chez le dactyle (Dactylis glomerata L.) en régions agricoles du Moyen-Nord de l'Est du Canada

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
R. Drapeau
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
The Third ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cutting Management ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Heading Stage

Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) has good winter survival in the mid-north agricultural areas of eastern Canada. There is no information on the cutting management to use after the first harvest of orchardgrass under these climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the required interval between harvests following a first harvest at heading stage to optimise the productivity and maintain the persistence of orchardgrass. An interval of 35 d between harvests was sufficient to obtain annual yields of 4 to 6 tonnes of dry matter per hectare. An interval of 28 d between harvests had no negative effects on orchardgrass persistence under our climatic conditions. A second harvest taken 42 d after the first one often had a negative effect on the dry matter yield of the third harvest. Each time this occurred, we observed that the second harvest had been taken after 20 July. Heading dates varied among years. In addition to the growth stage at the first harvest, the date of occurrence of the heading stage should be considered so that the second harvest will be taken before 20 July. Consequently, if heading is delayed in spring, the interval between the first and second harvest must be reduced to take the second harvest before 20 July. Delaying the third harvest had a negative effect on the dry matter yield of the first harvest of the following production year. These results indicate that it is possible to take three harvests before September under the climatic conditions of the mid-north of eastern Canada without affecting the persistence of orchardgrass. Key words: Dactylis glomerata L., orchardgrass, cutting stage, cutting intervals, cutting management, yield

scholarly journals VARIETY RESOURCES OF ALFALFA IN THE INTENSIFICATION OF FIELD FEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Nadiia Hetman
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
The Third ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The Right

In the soil and climatic conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe, regardless of the action of abiotic and biotic factors during the growing season, high adaptability of alfalfa was established for different geographical origins, namely the natural zone of the Forest-Steppe, Polissya, Steppe Ukraine and Serbia. It was found that under the weather conditions of 2016 year alfalfa varieties reacted differently to changes in temperature and moisture during the growing season. It is important to note the effectiveness of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers applied directly to alfalfa coverless method of sowing. In the year of sowing, alfalfa formed a powerful herbage and provided two slopes with a yield of green mass at the level of 20,13-29,80 t/ha with a dry matter yield of 4,80-6,69 t/ha. For the second year of vegetation, alfalfa was carried out according to the regimes, which considered the phases of growth and development (budding, beginning of flowering and flowering). In the first mode of cutting management (all slopes in the budding phase) it is advisable to identify three varieties of Unitro, Nasoloda and Rosana, which provided a gross dry matter of 10,41-10,48 and 2,29-2,31 t/ha of crude protein. The productivity of alfalfa increased with late term cutting - at the beginning of flowering and a combination of slopes (3rd mode). The dry matter yield was 11,40-12,62 and 2,35-2,51 t/ha of crude protein (second regime) and the indicators increased under the third regime, especially dry matter 13,58-15,80 t/ha and decreased to 2,37-2,41 t/ha of crude protein. The increase in dry matter of the second mode increased by 9,5-23,1% and crude protein by 2,6-20,5%, and in the third mode of use of alfalfa it was 2,3-11,2%, compared to the mode of mowing the grass in the budding phase. During the third year of vegetation under favorable agroecological conditions for growth and development of alfalfa plants, the studied varieties provided four slopes regardless of the mode of use of grass with a dry matter yield of 15,43-20,58 and 3,21-4,02 t/ha of crude protein. During the second and third years of vegetation from the studied modes of use of alfalfa grass for fodder purposes, the highest yield of crude protein 5,27-6,53 t/ha varieties provided for the alienation of crops at the beginning of the flowering phase, which was on average 6,0-7,1% higher than when mowing all slopes in the budding phase and a combination of slopes in the phases of growth and development (3rd mode). Thus, in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of the right bank on gray forest soils alfalfa, regardless of geographical origin, adapted to growing conditions and provided stable productivity indicators regardless of the regime of grass use with observance of elements of cultivation technology.

SEEDING RATES AND ROW SPACINGS FOR THREE FORAGE CROPS GROWN ALONE OR IN ALTERNATE GRASS-ALFALFA ROWS IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. LEYSHON ◽  
M. R. KILCHER ◽  
J. D. McELGUNN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Harvest Year

Russian wild ryegrass, crested wheatgrass and alfalfa were seeded either alone or in alternate grass-alfalfa rows at six seeding rates (17, 33, 50, 67, 83 and 100 seeds/m row) and at three row spacings (30, 60 and 90 cm). Dry matter yields were measured for 5 yr after the establishment year. Seeding rates did not interact with row spacings in any year. Greater yields from higher seeding rates were only apparent for all crops in the first harvest year. By the second year, seeding rate did not affect the yields of either grass grown alone and by the third year there was no effect of seeding rate on any crop. Narrow row spacings (30 cm) initially produced the highest yields. By the fifth year there had been a transition in yield advantage from the 30-cm rows through the 60-cm rows to the 90-cm rows and alternate grass-alfalfa stands were producing the highest dry matter yield. It was concluded that although forages could be seeded for long-term stands in southwestern Saskatchewan at rates as low as 17 seeds/m row and would result in yields as high as those from higher seeding rates, a rate of between 50 and 67 seeds/m row was more practical. Also, seeding forages in rows 90 cm apart would produce more forage in the long term than stands seeded in narrower rows.

The effectiveness of several fertilizers in supplying sulfur to temperate pastures

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (119) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Dear
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sulfur Concentration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Composite Form ◽  
Temperate Pastures ◽  
Sulfur Fertilizers ◽  
Effective Source

Pastures on two contrasting soils, one a heavy-textured soil derived from basalt and the other, a light-textured soil from dacite, were treated with several sulfur fertilizers at a single rate of sulfur application (20 kg/ha). The fertilizers ranged from ammonium and calcium sulfates to forms of elemental sulfur, with a composite form (sulfur-fortified superphosphate) included. The dry-matter yield and sulfur concentration of the pasture were measured over three or four years, and the net recovery of sulfur from the various fertilizers was calculated. The most soluble source, sulfate of ammonia, was the most effective source of sulfur to the pasture on the heavy-textured soil, followed by the less soluble gypsum but this order was reversed on the light-textured soil, which may have lost sulfate by leaching. The two forms of elemental sulfur (prilled Agri-Sul and granular Foam S) were much less effective at both sites and sulfur-fortified superphosphate was of intermediate effectiveness. However, the effectiveness of the elemental forms was better sustained into the third year, indicating that less frequent application of such forms would be feasible, provided that much heavier initial rates were used.

scholarly journals ROLE OF IMPROVED CLOVERS IN NON-ARABLE PASTURE RENEWAL IN MID-CANTERBURY

1989 ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
S.M. Francis ◽  
N.C. Merrick
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clover Content ◽  
Clover Pasture

Trials under sheep and dairy cow grazing in mid Canterbury examined the effectiveness of mcludmg new white clover cultivars with ryegrass in a non-arable (spray, top-cultivate and drill) pasture renewal. Five weeks after sowing, 13% of white clover plants had originated from regrowing stolons in the sheep pasture; in dairy pasture the figure was over 50%. Initially including a white clover cultivar increased total dry matter yield. However after 3 years there was no difference in total dry matter yield from plots sown with ryegrass but no clover. 'Grasslands Kopu' white clover outproduced 'Grasslands Huia' by only 4% and 1% in dairy and sheep pastures respectively and had a slightly greater white clover content. Control plots initially had a lower clover percentage than the sown cultivars. but by the third year it tended to be greater. The greater average length of leaflets in Kopu plots indicated that the cultivar was present throughout both trials. It is suggested that the inclusion of white clover in non-arable pasture renewal wll give economic returns only if seed costs are low. Keywords: 'Grasslands Kopu'. 'Grasslands Huia', white clover, pasture renewal, irrigation

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

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