The effect of early weaning of Brahman cross calves on calf growth and reproductive performance of the dam

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (75) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Schottler ◽  
WT Williams
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Pasture Quality ◽  
Tropical Lowlands

It is shown, for a herd of Brahman cross cattle in the humid tropical lowlands of Papua New Guinea, that reducing the age of weaning from seven to four months advances the date of subsequent calving by ca 39 days. The calving interval is nevertheless always considerably shorter than that recorded from similar equatorial climates elsewhere. The 4-month calves showed an unexpected sensitivity to pasture quality, the nature of which requires further investigation.

Human Pleistocene adaptations in the tropical island Pacific: recent evidence from New Ireland, a Greater Australian outlier

Antiquity ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 63 (240) ◽  
pp. 548-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Allen ◽  
Chris Gosden ◽  
J. Peter White
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Tropical Lowlands ◽  
New Britain

The late Pleistocene colonization of Greater Australia by humans by c. 40,0130 b.p. is now generally accepted. This landmass, which comprised at periods of lower sea levels Tasmania, Australia and Papua New Guinea, has now produced sites with rich and diverse sequences extending towards or now mainly beyond 30,000 b.p., in the present arid country of western New South Wales (Barbetti & Allen 1972), in southwest Western Australia (Pearce & Barbetti 1981), in the Papua New Guinea Highlands (Gillieson & Mountain 1983), and recently even in Tasmania (Cosgrove 1989).Prior to 1985, with the exception of an 11,000 b.p. date for occupation in Misisjl Cave on New Britain (Specht et al. 1981), the tropical lowlands of Papua New Guinea and its attendant nearer Melanesian island chain had remained a blank on the region’s map of Pleistocene human expansion.

Observations on Breeding Biologyof some New Guinea Murid Rodents

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Breeding Activity ◽  
Live Embryo ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Murine Rodents ◽  
Eastern Highlands

Breeding records are given for 10 murine rodents from the Eastern Highlands District of Papua New Guinea. Reduced breeding activity through the dry season is apparent for Rattus exulans, R. ruber and Melomys rufescens, with a cessation of breeding at this time in R, niobe, R. verecundus, M. levipes, M. rubex, Pogonomys sylvestris, P. mollipilosus and probably Pogonomelomys sevia. Available evidence suggests that M. rubex varies in reproductive performance between years. Mean litter size is low in all species with mean live embryo counts from 3.09 in R. exulans to 1.09 in M. levipes and 0.75 in P. sevia. Pregnancy concurrent with lactation appears to be frequent in M. rufescens and perhaps P. sevia, and was noted on occasion in R, exulans, R, verecundus and M. levipes.

scholarly journals Effects of the weaning age of calves on somatic development and on reproductive performance of beef cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Zambarda Vaz ◽  
José Fernando Piva Lobato
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Weaning Age

This study evaluated body development and reproductive performance of beef cows whose calves were submitted to early weaning (76 days of age), or conventional weaning (148 days of age). It was used 141 Braford cows that calved in 2004, 2005, and 2006 to evaluate weight at calving at 76 days, weight at calving at 148 days, weight at the beginning and end of the breeding season, variation of the average daily weight, body condition, pregnancy rate, and calving interval. Dams of calves weaned at 148 days of age showed daily weight gain higher body weight and better body condition at 148 days of age. The weights at the end of breeding season and average weight gain during the breeding season were higher in early weaning cows than in conventional cows. Pregnancy rate of early weaning cows (86.34%) was higher than those submitted to weaning at conventional age (55.45%). Pasture interval was similar among early weaning cows and conventional weaning cows. The best benefit on reducing weaning age in pregnancy rate was in primiparous cows. There was significant interaction between weaning age and the year for calving interval and milk production. The early weaning of calves carried out at 76 days of age allows cows to better weight recovery in the post-weaning and breeding periods, improving their body condition and consequently increasing pregnancy rate regarding to cows whose calves suckled until 148 days of age.

EFFECTS OF EARLY WEANING ON CALF GAIN AND COW PERFORMANCE AND INFLUENCE OF BREED, AGE OF DAM AND SEX OF CALF

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. BASARAB ◽  
F. S. NOVAK ◽  
D. B. KARREN
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Calving Intervals ◽  
Winter Feeding

A study was conducted to determine the effects of early weaning and preconditioning to feedlot on calf gain and the effects of early weaning on cow weight and reproductive performance. A total of 390 cow-calf pairs in 1982 and 460 in 1983, representing four breed, three age-of-dam groups and two-sex-of-calf groups, were randomly assigned to either an early weaned (EW) or a late weaned (LW) group. In the fall of each year, EW calves were weaned 1 mo before LW calves and fed grain (up to 4.8 kg head−1 d−1) and hay during this period. EW calves gained approximately 0.5 kg d−1 less over the 1 mo fall test period than LW calves in 1982 (0.16 vs. 0.75 kg d−1) and 1983 (0.05 vs. 0.58 kg d−1). EW cows gained 0.32 kg d−1 more during this same period than LW cows in 1982 (0.86 vs. 0.54 kg d−1) and lost 0.21 kg d−1 less in 1983 (−0.10 vs. −0.31 kg d−1). These differences in gain did not result in significant weight differences between EW and LW cows entering the winter feeding period in either year. EW and LW cows lost a similar amount of weight over the winter feeding period in 1982–1983 (−0.13 vs. −0.12 kg d−1) and had the same weight after calving in 1983. However, during the winter feeding period of 1983–1984, EW cows lost less weight than LW cows (−0.22 vs. −0.30 kg d−1) and, thus, weighed 27.3 kg more than LW cows after calving in 1984 (468.3 vs. 441.0 kg). Weaning treatment had no effect on pregnancy rate, calf crop percentage or calving interval. Weaning treatment also had no effect on cow weight and gain, calf birth date and weight, calving interval or calf preweaning gain the following year. Interactions between weaning treatment and breed, age of dam or sex of calf were absent for most weight and weight gain parameters and for calving intervals. Calf weights were affected by breed, age of dam and sex of calf while calf gains over the fall test were affected by age of dam. Cow weights were affected by breed and age, calf crop percentage by breed and calving interval by age. Breed, age of cow and sex of calf effects for all other parameters were not significant. Key words: Beef cattle, beef calves, early weaning, preconditioning

scholarly journals Reproduction and calf growth in Brahman crossbred and South East Asian cattle in Papua New Guinea

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
J. H. G. Holmes ◽  
M. J. McKinnon ◽  
G. W. Seifert ◽  
J. H. Schottler ◽  
A. Bannick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
East Asian ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Calf Growth

Public Health in Papua New Guinea

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Denoon ◽  
Kathleen Dugan ◽  
Leslie Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea
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