Relationship between certain physical and chemical properties and subsoil friability in Lemnos loam

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
EH Mikhail ◽  
WI Walbran
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Lemnos loam, a red-brown earth used for fruit production in the Goulburn Valley, Victoria, has degrees of friability in the subsoil as assessed in the field. Forty-one samples from three subsoil depths were obtained from 25 sites near Kyabram. Aggregate stability, as measured in the laboratory was found to be related to field assessments of friability. Exchangeable cations, pH, silt, clay and clay minerals were determined on the samples. By relating some of these measurements to aggregate stability it has been shown that exchangeable Ca++ contributes to a strongly aggregated soil (friable) ; and silt, exchangeable Na+ and exchangeable Mg++ to a weakly aggregated soil (less friable). The effect of silt and exchangeable Na+ is greater than that of exchangeable Ca++ and exchangeable Mg++. A multiple regression equation describing the effect of these four significant factors on stability percentage is presented. This equation accounts for 85.5 per cent of the variation in stability percentage. There is a strong relationship between field assessment of friability and exchangeable Ca++/Mg++ ratio; the higher the ratio, the more friable is the soil.

scholarly journals Effect of zinc nutrition on yield of rice-wheat cropping system and soil properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
PEPAKAYALA VARALAKSHMI ◽  
POLAGANI NAGARJUNA ◽  
MOHAN BABU Y. N. ◽  
ADI LAKSHMI G. ◽  
ARADHNA KUMARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A study was conducted in an ongoing experiment under AICRP on micronutrients at nursery jhilli of RPCAU, research farm. The experiment consisted of thirteen treatments, of which twelve combinations were of four doses of zinc (Zn) (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 kg ha-1), three frequencies (only once, alternate year and every year) of application along with control with the no-zinc application. Rice and wheat crops were grown in succession with the recommended dosages of fertiliser viz. 120:60:40 of N: P2O5: K2O applied as Urea, DAP, and Potash, respectively. Surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected after the harvest of the wheat crop in the year 2018, i.e. after completion of six years of the experiment, and analysed for soil physical and chemical properties. The availability of nitrogen, sulphur, organic carbon content and aggregate stability increased, and the bulk density, phosphorous availability decreased with increasing doses and zinc application rates. No effect on soil availability of potassium, pH and EC. The treatment T7 i.e., application of zinc @ 7.5 kg Zn ha-1 in alternate year application was the best treatment with regards to yield of rice-wheat cropping (982.9 q ha-1) and also for good physical and chemical properties of the soil.

Ratios of strontium-85 to cations for crops and soils of Greece

1992 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Papanicolaou ◽  
C. G. Apostolakis ◽  
V. Skarlou ◽  
C. Nobeli ◽  
P. Kritidis
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
And Chemical Properties

SummaryIn a glasshouse pot experiment in Athens, Greece in 1989, 85Sr to calcium observed ratios (OR) based on the values of exchangeable Ca instead of soil Ca (ORexCa), were determined for crops or plant parts grown in eight soils widely differing in their physical and chemical properties. Compared to the values of concentration ratio (CRs) the values of ORexCa did not show as wide variation with the soil type. They were relatively constant and usually not related to soil properties. The ORexCa values were essentially the same as OR values for the non-calcareous soils and much smaller than the OR values for calcareous soils, considering as soil Ca in the calculation of OR, the sum exchangeable, watersoluble and CaCO3 Ca.The values of 85Sr/Ca + Mg observed ratios (ORexCaMg) were just as good as the ORexCa values, while those of 85Sr/Ca + Mg + K + Na (ORex bases) showed more variation.Highly significant (P <0·01) correlations were observed between the fractions of the observed ratios ORexCa, ORexCaMg and ORex bases, for each crop or plant part tested.

scholarly journals KAJIAN SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA BUAH STROBERI BERDASARKAN MASA SIMPAN DENGAN PENGOLAHAN CITRA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Rizky Ramadani Dwi Utari ◽  
Dedy Wirawan Soedibyo ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Image ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In the storage processes strawberries experiencesdetrimental changes so that they can affect the quality of fruit. This change can be detected by testing the physical and chemical properties in particular shelf life period. In generally the measurement of physical and chemical properties are done manually andcausing damage to the object being observed (destructive method). Based on description above, it is necessary to measure non-destructive method using digital image processing. This study aimed to identify the relationship between physical and chemical propertiesvariables and image quality variables (area, height, widht, perimeter red index andblue index) based on 0, 1, and 2 days shelf life using an image processing program. The sample used in this study were 155 pieces strawberry from A quality. The strawberry image was taken by using a CCD camerathen extracted using SharpDevelop 4.2 software. Physical and chemical properties of the strawberry were measured using digital O'hauss pioneer scales, penetrometer, refractometer and pH meter to obtain data on weight, hardness, total dissolved solids and acidity (pH). Correlation test results indicated from strong to very strong relationship between physical and chemical properties variablesand image quality variables with a range of correlation coefficient values from 0,725 to 1,000. Image quality variables that could be used as input for estimating shelf life was blue index, with validation test resulted 87,7%total accuracy. Keywords: characteristics, chemical, image processing, physical, shelf life, strawberry

Comprehensive Review on pH and Nutrients Detection Sensitive Materials and Methods for Agriculture Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Akshaya Kumar ◽  
S. K. Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This review article elaborates the pH and nutrients detection sensitive materials and methods along with their principle of operations, merits, demerits, and application area. The sensitive materials used in the sensors react with the analytes and shows variation in electrical, physical, chemical, biological and optical parameters. The glass probe method, optical light spectroscopy, ion-selective electrodes, ion-selective field effective transistors, electrochemical interdigitated conductimetric method and microcantilever methods are the predominant techniques to detect the pH and nutrients in various medium. Most of the researchers have discussed the fabrication of pH and nutrients sensors individually in various applications, but very few numbers of sensitive materials and techniques discussed to detect the pH and nutrients in the soil. There is a strong relationship between pH and nutrients in the soil based on a number of important physical and chemical properties of the soil. We are strongly recommending that soil pH and nutrients measuring sensors can develop through the combinational approach of pH and nutrients with the help of nanostructured materials, seems to be more effective for agriculture applications.

scholarly journals Humic Haplustox under different land uses in a high altitude environment in the Agreste region of Pernambuco, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Kelly Silva Araujo ◽  
Mateus Rosas Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Metri Corrêa ◽  
Izabel Cristina de Luna Galindo ◽  
Valdomiro Severino de Souza Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The Garanhuns Plateau in the Agreste region of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil is characterized by humid climatic conditions due to orographic rains, unlike the surrounding semiarid region. These soils are subjected to intense agricultural use and are extremely important for the regional economy. This study was carried out in the municipality of Brejão in the Agreste region with the aim of assessing changes in humic Haplustox soils subjected to different land uses. Four plots with different vegetation covers (native forest, secondary shrubby vegetation (capoeira), traditional cropping system, and planted pasture) were selected, and samples were taken from a soil profile and four small pits surrounding it at each site. Physical and chemical properties were assessed, including aggregate stability, humic organic fractions, and a microbiological evaluation through determination of basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon, and metabolic quotient. The soils under study showed physical and chemical properties typical of a Haplustox, such as low nutrient content, low cation exchange capacity, and high levels of acidity and Al saturation. The total organic carbon (TOC) contents were high regardless of the type of land use. Aggregates < 2 mm were dominant in all the conditions under study. The TOC content was higher in the soil under capoeira, 43.91 g kg-1 on the surface, while 34.36 and 33.43 g kg-1 of TOC were observed in the first layer of forest and pasture soils, respectively. While the microbial biomass C (MBC) was greater than 700 mg kg-1 in the forest and pasture areas (in the 0-5 cm layer), and 588 mg kg-1 in the soil under capoeira, these numbers were not statistically different. In the cultivated soil area, there was a reduction of around 28 % in TOC and MBC contents. Agricultural activity contributed to degradation of the humic horizon, as can be seen from a significant decrease in the TOC and changes in the relative distribution of the humic fractions. In contrast, aggregate stability was not altered as a function of the different land uses; the soil under planted pasture and capoeira were similar to the soil under native forest. Humin was the most important humified fraction for C reserves, contributing over 40 % of the TOC in these soils.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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