Effects of foliar application of magnesium sulphate on the quality and magnesium content of flue-cured tobacco

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton ◽  
PN Person
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Tobacco seedlings were not damaged by sprays containing up to 20 per cent magnesium sulphate, but deleterious effects on leaf were observed when several applications of three per cent or more were applied to full-sized plants. In an outdoor trial with tobacco in sand culture plants were supplied with nutrient solutions with and without magnesium. The effects of foliar application of two per cent magnesium sulphate on quality and magnesium concentration in the cured leaf were studied. Seven sprays applied at about seven day intervals raised the magnesium concentration in leaves by 0.30 to 0.40 per cent Mg. Five sprays applied after the onset of deficiency symptoms raised the concentration in leaves by 0.1 6 to 0.25 per cent Mg, and improved quality greatly compared with leaves from deficient plants. Application of one spray several days prior to picking increased the concentration in leaves by approximately 0.08 per cent Mg, but had an adverse effect on value. The value of the leaf from sprayed plants was never as good as that from the best plants supplied with magnesium via the roots only even though the magnesium concentrations in leaf were similar. The difference in quality was not attributable to deleterious effects of high sulphur content.

Recovery of flue-cured tobacco from magnesium deficiency: changes in leaf magnesium content and effects on leaf quality

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Twenty-four days after being transplanted into sand culture outdoors, tobacco plants were supplied with nutrient solutions with and without magnesium. Magnesium at two levels was resupplied to some deficiency-stressed plants 6, 11, 16, or 26 days later, and all plants were grown to maturity. The value of cured leaf was affected adversely when the period without magnesium exceeded 6 days. Quality of top leaf, but not of cutters, was improved when resupply was made at the rate necessary for maximum leaf value when supplied throughout. Addition of magnesium at a higher level improved the quality of leaf lower on the stalk, but led to an accumulation of magnesium in top leaf with subsequent impairment of quality. It appeared that the leaf concentration of magnesium had to fall below 0.2% for a period of between 5 and 10 days for leaf deficiency symptoms to appear. The application of magnesium, even at a high rate, upon the appearance of the first symptoms of deficiency resulted in a loss of over 25% in the value per plant.

scholarly journals 794 PB 062 THE ROLE OF PHOSPHORUS IN MAGNESIUM TRANS LOCATION IN MUSCADINES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 547a-547
Author(s):  
Creiehton L. Gunton ◽  
James M. Spiers
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
Vitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

The role of phosphorus (P) in magnesium (Mg) translocation from roots to leaves of muscadines (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) was investigated in shadehouse experiments. Vines of 13 clones were grown for two seasons in sand culture fertilized with nutrient solutions containing no P (-P), 20 PPM P (+P), and -P plus P added during the two weeks before harvest (-P+P). Leaves were sampled at the end of each growing season and in July of the second year and analyzed for P, potassium (K), and Mg content. Mg and K contents of roots were determined at the end of the second year. No interactions occurred between clones and P fertilization levels for Mg or K content, indicating no differences among clones in response of these minerals to P treatments. Leaf Mg content was slightly but significantly lower for -P than +P treatments in the `92 and July `93 samples but about rhe same in September `93. Root Mg content in September `93 was higher for +P than -P or -P+P. No evidence was found that Mg translocation from root to leaves was mediated by P. No Mg deficiency symptoms were visible on the leaves for any treatment.

The fate of magnesium applied to flue-cured tobacco, and its effect on leaf quality and magnesium content

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Optimum Rate ◽  
Consequent Reduction

In an outdoor trial with tobacco in sand culture, plants were supplied initially with inadequate magnesium for maximum leaf quality. The effects on quality and magnesium concentration of the cures leaf when magnesium supply was increased were studied.Magnesium passed preferentially to the leaves of poor quality at any leaf position depended on the time and size of the of the increase in nutrient magnesium.The longer the delay in adding magnesium at the optimum rate the greater the number of lower leaves of poor quality. Addition of magnesium at above optimum level improved the quality of the leaf lower on the stalk, but led to an accumulation of magnesium in the top leaf with a consequent reduction in quality.

The effects of magnesium deficiency on the quality and magnesium content of flue-cured tobacco leaf

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Equivalent Basis

In an outdoor trial with tobacco in sand culture, two levels of magnesium were supplied initially in the nutrient solution. The effects on quality and magnesium concentration in the cured leaf when magnesium was withheld from the nutrient were studied. When the magnesium supply was inadequate the reduction in magnesium concentration in leaves was largely accounted for by the diluting effect of increase in dry weight, and was accentuated under conditions of extreme deficiency by transference of magnesium from older leaves to actively expanding tissues nearer the apex. The effects of deficiency on quality depended partly on the amount of magnesium the plant had absorbed before the cessation of magnesium supply. To avoid loss of quality, magnesium in the nutrient solution had to be maintained at 20 % at least of the total cations (equivalent basis) until plants had been 'topped' (i.e. inflorescence removed) and the total leaf area of the plant had reached c. two-thirds of its final size.

Application of Magnesium Sulphate to Grass for Silage as a means of Preventing Hypomagnesaemic Tetany

1955 ◽  
Vol 1955 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McDonald ◽  
T. H. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Magnesium Compound ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

The incidence of hypomagnesaemic tetany in cattle and sheep can be reduced considerably by increasing the dietary intake of magnesium (Allcroft, R., 1954; Allcroft, W. M., 1947; Bartlett et al., 1954; Stewart, 1954) and the commonest method of supplementing the ration is to provide a mineral mixture containing magnesium oxide. While the feeding of these mineral supplements to animals wintered indoors is relatively straightforward, ensuring that animals grazing on hill and marginal land will obtain a regular supply of the mineral raises a problem. Where animals are receiving silage in addition to natural grazings during the winter, the inclusion of a magnesium compound in the grass at the time of ensiling is one method of increasing the magnesium content of the diet. The oxide and carbonate of magnesium are probably the safest compounds for feeding to stock, but unfortunately these are likely to have an adverse effect on the preservation, resulting in inferior silage. Experiments carried out in small silo units at Boghall Farm proved this to be the case (E.E.S.C.A. Ann. Rep. 1955). Magnesium sulphate is likely to have little effect upon the preservation of silage, and although this compound is not ideally suitable as a magnesium supplement owing to its laxative properties, it was decided to investigate the value of using it in restricted quantity and intimately mixed with the silage, as a suitable means of preventing hypo-magnesaemia when fed during the winter to a herd of 18 outwintered Galloway cows.

scholarly journals Enzyme-Sugar Relationships in Immature Sugarcane Treated With Ascorbic Acid, Cysteine, Hydroxylamine, Cyanide, Silicon, and Iron

1969 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Alex G. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Silicon Iron ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Immature sugarcane was treated with chemical additives to determine whether significant and predictable changes could be induced in enzyme behavior. All plants were grown in sand culture with controlled nutrient supply. One group received foliar application of ascorbic acid, cysteine, hydroxylamine and cyanide; the other group received silicon, iron, and cyanide as nutrient-solution supplements. Enzymes assayed included acid phosphatases, invertase, amylase, peroxidase, and tyrosinase (polyphenoloxidase). Each of the chemicals tested was known to affect one or more enzymes in vitro. Plants receiving 1,000 p.p.m. of cyanide as a foliar spray increased sucrose in leaves and meristem within 3 days. All enzymes measured were suppressed by CN. Amylase was markedly stimulated by 50 and 1,000 p.p.m. of cysteine. All the enzymes assayed were moderately stimulated by 50 p.p.m. of cysteine, whereas 1,000 p.p.m. caused general suppression. Plants receiving 200 p.p.m. of cyanide as a nutrient-solution supplement were greatly stunted and revealed low sugar content of leaf and meristem tissues. Tyrosinase was about 3 times more active in high-cyanide plants than in controls. Silicon added to nutrient solutions at rates of 20 and 200 p.p.m. greatly retarded invertase and tyrosinase. This confirms similar observations recorded earlier, and it is suggested that enzyme inhibition is a physiological function of silicon in sugarcane. Iron added to nutrient solutions at the rate of 10 p.p.m. caused general enzyme suppression, particularly with regard to meristem peroxidase and invertase. Significance of enzyme regulation in living cane is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals 646 Comparison of Ca and B Deficiency Effects on Growth and Development of Bedding Plants

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 509A-509
Author(s):  
Dharmalingam S. Pitchay ◽  
James L. Gibson ◽  
C. Ray Campbell ◽  
Paul V. Nelson ◽  
Brian E. Whipker
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Ca Deficiency ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

The margin of error in pinpointing the difference in deficiency symptoms between calcium and boron is high. Several experiments were conducted in the greenhouse to induce as well as to differentiate the exact foliar and root symptoms of Ca and B. The experiments were conducted with modified Hoagland nutrient solutions. The treatments were with or without Ca or B salts for inducing total deficiency symptoms. Symptoms were expressed on the upper part including the growing point of the plant. In absence of Ca, marigold and zinnia plant heights were reduced by 58% and 37%, respectively, from the control. However, the reduction in height was only in the 27% and 25% range for B deficiency. Ca deficiency was noted as a blackened region on the leaf blade (early stage symptoms) which progressed into necrotic spots on the newly formed leaves. Severe necrosis, was observed on the growing point with advanced Ca deficiency. B deficiency results in a leathery and gray color in zinnia, needle like and narrow leaflets in marigold. The leaf blades were brittle in all B deficient species. B deficient plants roots were stiff and leathery and lateral roots possessed black nodule like endings at the tips. The Ca deficient roots expressed less side branching and at the advanced stage the roots were shorter and fewer with severe necrotic symptoms. The above initial and advanced deficiency symptoms appeared earlier in treatments without Ca than B. Images of Ca and B deficiency symptoms, as well as tissue concentration values will be presented.

scholarly journals CONTENTS OF MAGNESIUM IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND POPULATION MORBIDITY RATE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 494-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Yahyaev ◽  
Shamil K. Salikhov ◽  
S. O. Abdulkadyrova ◽  
A. Sh. Aselderova ◽  
Z. Z. Surkhayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Photometric Method ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Water Plants

Introduction. Study of the interrelation between magnesium content in biosphere objects (soil, natural water, plants) with arterial hypertension (AH) incidence among the population living in the territory of the plain Dagestan (Babayurtovsky, Kizlyar, Tarumovsky and Nogai districts of the Republic). material and Methods. To assess the development of hypertension, the data were obtained from the medical information center of the Ministry of Health of Dagestan. Samples of soil, water, plants with the determination of the magnesium content in them were processed by the photometric method in the biogeochemical laboratory of the Prikaspiyskiy Institute of Biology Resources of Daghestan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. For analyzes, the material was selected in the summer months. The correlation coefficients are calculated by Pearson. Results. When comparing the incidence rates of AH for 2005-2007 with the magnesium content in soils, natural waters, plants, a negative average correlation of magnesium concentration in the study sites with the incidence of AH population was established in the study area. A number of patients in the studied years was also noted to be changing, but the dependence of the incidence of AH of the population on the magnesium content in the biosphere objects is preserved. Conclusions. One of the factors of occurrence and course of hypertension is the magnesium status of the population, which depends on the geochemical features of the territory. As a result of the study, it was found that the higher the magnesium content in biosphere objects, the lower the incidence of AH population. In order to reduce the AH values among the population, it is necessary to correct the lack of magnesium in the human body with magnesium additives, which contribute to the regulation of blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In connection with the possible subclinical magnesium deficiency, an important factor in informing about the possible morbidity of hypertension is information on the magnesium content in environmental objects.

scholarly journals How Pre-Harvest Inactivated Yeast Treatment May Influence the Norisoprenoid Aroma Potential in Wine Grapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3369
Author(s):  
Pasquale Crupi ◽  
Marika Santamaria ◽  
Fernando Vallejo ◽  
Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán ◽  
Gianvito Masi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Italian Wine ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

Carotenoids are important secondary metabolites in wine grapes and play a key role as potential precursors of aroma compounds (i.e., C13-norisoprenoids), which have a high sensorial impact in wines. There is scarce information about the influence of pre-harvest inactivated yeast treatment on the norisoprenoid aroma potential of grapes. Thus, this work aimed to study the effect of the foliar application of yeast extracts (YE) to Negro Amaro and Primitivo grapevines on the carotenoid content during grape ripening and the difference between the resulting véraison and maturity (ΔC). The results showed that β-carotene and (allE)-lutein were the most abundant carotenoids in all samples, ranging from 60% to 70% of total compounds. Their levels, as well as those of violaxanthin, (9′Z)-neoxanthin, and 5,6-epoxylutein, decreased during ripening. This was especially observed in treated grapes, with ΔC values from 2.6 to 4.2-fold higher than in untreated grapes. Besides this, a principal components analysis (PCA) demonstrated that lutein, β-carotene, and violaxanthin and (9′Z)-neoxanthin derivatives principally characterized Negro Amaro and Primitivo, respectively. Thereby, the YE treatment has proved to be effective in improving the C13-norisoprenoid aroma potentiality of Negro Amaro and Primitivo, which are fundamental cultivars in the context of Italian wine production.

scholarly journals Magnesium Metabolism of Human and Rabbit Erythrocytes

Blood ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 722-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY GINSBURG ◽  
JAMES G. SMITH ◽  
FREEMAN M. GINSBURG ◽  
JACQUELINE Z. REARDON ◽  
JERRY K. AIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate

Abstract A modification of the magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation method for the determination of serum magnesium was devised to determine the magnesium content of erythrocytes. The concentration of magnesium in the red cells of healthy hospital personnel was 4.67 ± 0.92 mEq./L. An increase in erythrocyte magnesium concentration was observed in patients with reticulocytosis. Experimental production of reticulocytosis by the administration of phenylhydrazine to rabbits confirmed these clinical observations. No significant in vitro uptake of Mg28 from the suspending medium occurred in mature human erythrocytes or in mature or immature erythrocytes from rabbits. The relative tissue uptake of Mg28 in the bone marrow was significantly increased in animals in whom anemia and marked reticulocytosis were produced by phenylhydrazine. Relative activity was decreased in the hearts, spleens, and kidneys of these animals. Since there is no evidence for significant exchange of magnesium in immature or mature erythrocytes in the peripheral circulation, it is concluded that the magnesium content of erythrocytes is increased in the bone marrow prior to their release into the peripheral circulation.

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