Resistance within wheat, barley and oat cultivars to Heterodera avenae in South Australia

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (68) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC O'Brien ◽  
JM Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Initial Density ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Method Of Assessment

Resistance of 800 wheat, 83 oat, and 36 barley cultivars to the cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae, was tested in South Australia. A wide range of reactions of selected cultivars, assessed by numbers of females produced on the roots, was obtained for each of the cereals with populations of the nematode from two sites. Good resistance was recorded in only two wheat cultivars; Spring wheat (AUS No. 10894) showed moderate resistance in all tests and Loros (AUS No. 90248), although recorded as susceptible in one test, showed moderate resistance in other tests with a different population of the nematode. The importance of method of assessment, initial density of inoculum and relative growth of the cultivars are discussed.

Population dynamics of Heterodera avenae Woll. in South Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Fisher ◽  
TW Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Initial Density ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Heterodera Avenae ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Equilibrium Level ◽  
Seminal Roots

Population changes of the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) under various rotational regimes in the field were examined. A density of 5 eggs/g soils caused a loss of about 10% in yield of wheat cv. Bayonet under the experimental conditions. Maximum multiplication rate at low initial densities was about l0x, but this rapidly decreased as initial density increased. Equilibrium levels ranged from 15 eggs/g soil up to 40 eggs/g under different conditions. The resistant wheat, Aus 10894, maintained an equilibrium level of about 1 egg/g soil-a level low enough to avoid damage in a following crop. Annual percentage hatch varied from 70-90% with an average of 85%. Presence or absence of plant species had little effect on per cent hatch. About 7.5% of the nematodes successfully penetrated and became established in the root systems of seedlings, invading both seminal and nodal roots, but only about 0.5% became established in the principal axes of the seminal roots. The implications of these data for various rotational practices are discussed.

COPPER ALLOY No. 268

Alloy Digest ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Zinc Alloy ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cold Worked

Abstract Copper Alloy No. 268 is a copper-zinc alloy with excellent cold-working properties and good resistance to corrosion. It can be cold worked by all the common fabrication processes and has a wide range of applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-306. Producer or source: Brass mills.

scholarly journals Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation of 28 Barley and 12 Oat Cultivars

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Tse ◽  
Daniel J. Wiens ◽  
Jianheng Shen ◽  
Aaron D. Beattie ◽  
Martin J. T. Reaney
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Oat Cultivars

As barley and oat production have recently increased in Canada, it has become prudent to investigate these cereal crops as potential feedstocks for alcoholic fermentation. Ethanol and other coproduct yields can vary substantially among fermented feedstocks, which currently consist primarily of wheat and corn. In this study, the liquified mash of milled grains from 28 barley (hulled and hull-less) and 12 oat cultivars were fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to determine concentrations of fermentation products (ethanol, isopropanol, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, α-glycerylphosphorylcholine (α-GPC), and glycerol). On average, the fermentation of barley produced significantly higher amounts of ethanol, isopropanol, acetic acid, succinic acid, α-GPC, and glycerol than that of oats. The best performing barley cultivars were able to produce up to 78.48 g/L (CDC Clear) ethanol and 1.81 g/L α-GPC (CDC Cowboy). Furthermore, the presence of milled hulls did not impact ethanol yield amongst barley cultivars. Due to its superior ethanol yield compared to oats, barley is a suitable feedstock for ethanol production. In addition, the accumulation of α-GPC could add considerable value to the fermentation of these cereal crops.

scholarly journals Measurement and analysis of gas-puff density distributions for plasma radiation source z pinches

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. MOSHER ◽  
B.V. WEBER ◽  
B. MOOSMAN ◽  
R.J. COMMISSO ◽  
P. COLEMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Source ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Radiation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Radiation Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement And Analysis

High-sensitivity interferometry measurements of initial density distributions are reviewed for a wide range of gas-puff nozzles used in plasma radiation source (PRS) z-pinch experiments. Accurate gas distributions are required for determining experimental load parameters, modeling implosion dynamics, understanding the radiation properties of the stagnated pinch, and for predicting PRS performance in future experiments. For a number of these nozzles, a simple ballistic-gas-flow model (BFM) has been used to provide good physics-based analytic fits to the measured r, z density distributions. These BFM fits provide a convenient means to smoothly interpolate radial density distributions between discrete axial measurement locations for finer-zoned two-dimensional MHD calculations, and can be used to determine how changes in nozzle parameters and load geometry might alter implosion dynamics and radiation performance. These measurement and analysis techniques are demonstrated for a nested-shell nozzle used in Double Eagle and Saturn experiments. For this nozzle, the analysis suggests load modifications that may increase the K-shell yield.

Stride oat

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Mitchell Fetch ◽  
A. Tekauz ◽  
P. D. Brown ◽  
N. Ames ◽  
J. Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Mitchell Fetch, J. W., Tekauz, A., Brown, P. D., Ames, N., Chong, J., Fetch, Jr., T. G., Haber, S. M., Menzies, J. G.,, T. F. Townley-Smith, Stadnyk, K. D. and Green, D. A. 2013. Stride oat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 749–753. Stride is a white-hulled spring oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar with moderate resistance to fusarium head blight. It is postulated to carry the crown rust resistance combination Pc39, Pc68 and Pc94, which was effective against the prevalent crown rust races on the Canadian prairies at the time of its release. It has very good resistance to loose and covered smut, moderately good resistance to most of the prairie stem rust races (likely due to the presence of Pg2 and Pg13), and intermediate reaction to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). Stride has high test weight, but low kernel weight. Stride exhibits high yielding capacity in the oat growing areas of western Canada. Stride was registered (Reg. No. 7180) in Canada 2012 Apr. 23.

Latitude and Relative Growth in the Razor Clam, Siliqua Patula

1931 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-249
Author(s):  
F. W. WEYMOUTH ◽  
H. C. McMILLIN ◽  
WILLIS H. RICH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Absolute Growth Rate ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Absolute Growth

1. The present paper is a study of the growth of a clam (Siliqua patula) under natural conditions and over a wide range of latitude. 2. Various constants derived from the growth data are compared for the different localities. For this species, over the range considered, growth in the southern localities as compared with the northern is initially more rapid but less sustained, leads to a smaller total length and is associated with a shorter life span. 3. Reasons are presented for considering the relative growth-rate as a particularly significant constant leading to more sound biological conclusions than the use of the absolute growth-rate. 4. On the basis of the relative growth-rate, current mathematical expressions for the course of growth are discussed and a formula used which emphasises Minot's conception of a growth-rate constantly declining with age. This expression L = Be-ce-ce-kt, in which L = length at time t, e = base of natural logarithms, and B, c and k are constants, is found to graduate the extensive data in clam growth with significant accuracy.

Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. [Distribution map].

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus Viruses: Bunyaviridae: Tospovirus Hosts: Occurs naturally on a very wide range of herbaceous horticultural and field crops. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Mainland France, Germany, Greece, Crete, Mainland Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Mainland Italy, Sicily, Lithuania, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Mainland Portugal, Romania, Russian Far East, Southern Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Channel Islands, England and Wales, Scotland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep), ASIA, Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Sichuan, Cyprus, Republic of Georgia, India, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Iran, Israel, Japan, Hokkaido, Honshu, Ryukyu Archipelago, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Uzbekistan, AFRICA, Algeria, Burkina Faso, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Libya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Goias, Minas Gerais, Parana, Sao Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Cook Islands, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.

Erratum

1987 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-72
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Video Viewing ◽  
Australian Council ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Copies ◽  
Children's Films

Kids and the Scary World of Video In MIA 42, November 1986, page 70, in Book Reviews & Magazines & Journals, incorrect information was published. Any inconvenience this may have caused is regretted. Let's get it right this time! The South Australian Council for Children's Films & Television produced KIDS and The Scary World of Video - a 200-page report which costs $18.50 (including postage within Australia, less for multiple copies). For overseas orders, SACCFT will, unfortunately, have to charge for postage. For further information, telephone or write to Ms Felicity Coleman, SACCFT Inc., 181 Goodwood Road, Millswood 5034. Telephone: (OS) 373 0282. We reprint Henry Mayer's review from MIA 42:70, November 1986: This careful study of video viewing among 1,498 primary school children in South Australia looks both at children and parents. It shows that access to videos, considered in more controlled circumstances as unsuitable, is easy through a wide range of sources. Over a third reported seeing videos containing extreme violence and horror, including mutilation and dismemberment. The children are affected and report scenes they would like to but cannot forget. A smaller number report a desire to continue to remember scenes of striking violence. Sixty-one per cent had a VCR at home and 85.7% reported watching tapes at a friend's home. The report includes very detailed extracts from the responses. It is by far the most careful study yet of access and responses to content, with proposals for action.

scholarly journals Effect of Fusarium Head Blight on Mycotoxin Content in Grain of Spring Barley Cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Šíp ◽  
L. Tvarůžek ◽  
J. Chrpová ◽  
S. Sýkorová ◽  
L. Leišová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Cultivar Responses ◽  
Moderate Resistance

The results are based on field infection experiments with six spring barley cultivars registered in the Czech Republic and resistance sources Chevron and CI 4196. One of the four Fusarium isolates used for inoculations was a predominant nivalenol producer, while the other isolates were deoxynivalenol (DON) producers. Out of the other mycotoxins 3-AcDON was found in grain at a relatively higher concentration. Significant cultivar differences in DON content, examined yield traits, percentage of Fusarium colonies and percentage of non-germinating seeds were detected after inoculum spraying on two dates and mist irrigation of infected plots. When inoculated with aggressive isolate of F. culmorum Chevron and CI 4196 cvs. showed high resistance and the cultivars Jersey, Olbram and Scarlett moderate resistance to DON accumulation in grain. Treatment with fungicide Horizon 250 EW (active ingredient tebuconazole) led on average to a 52.5% reduction of DON content, but the efficacy of fungicide treatment was highly influenced by year and cultivar. Fungicide treatment did not have a significant effect on grain weight per spike and, in general, the influence of infection on examined yield traits was low in these experiments. DON content was closely related only with the parameter C<sub>T </sub>Fus (transformed) from quantitative real time PCR analysis. Using the developed PCR system it was possible to specify clearly cultivar responses to infection and effects of fungicide treatment on DON content. &nbsp;

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