Changes in the composition of ripening grapes in a warm climate

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (62) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
RM Cirami
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Warm Climate ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripening Period

Grapes from 15 wine varieties of Vitis vinifera selected for suitability in warm areas were sampled over their ripening period in 1971 and 1972. Samples were analysed for total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, tartrate and malate. At maturity, titratable acidities ranged from 7.3 to 14.0 g l-1and pH from 2.8 to 3.6. In every instance pH was lower in 1971 than in 1972, but there was no pattern evident for titratable acidities. At the commencement of ripening the concentration of malate was always higher than of tartrate, and the rate of decrease of malate was faster than of tartrate. In the final stages of maturity acid losses of up to 1 g l-1 every ten days were common. Based on tartrate : malate ratios, the following varieties warrant further investigation: Barbera, Cabernet Sauvignon, Emerald Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Merlot, Petite Sirah, Pinot Noir, Semillon and White Riesling.

scholarly journals Rootstock-scion interaction:5. Effect on the evolution of Cabernet Sauvignon grape ripening

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Miele ◽  
Luiz Antenor Rizzon
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Wine Composition

Abstract The rootstock effect on grapevine yield components, grape must and wine composition and wine sensory characteristics were evaluated in previous studies. This experiment carried out over five years had the objective to determine the effect of the rootstock on the evolution of variables related to sugar and acidity contents of the juice during grape ripening. The treatments consisted of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine grafted on rootstocks such as Rupestris du Lot, 101- 14 Mgt, 3309 C, 420A Mgt, 5BB K, 161-49 C, SO4, Solferino, 1103 P, 99 R, 110 R, Gravesac, Fercal, Dogridge and Isabel. The berries were sampled during the grape ripening period, on nine dates during the summer of each year. Taken to the laboratory, they were hand crushed and the juice was centrifuged to separate the solid and liquid phase, where the supernatant was then used for physicochemical analyses. The data were submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and polynomial regression analysis. The main results show that, at grape maturity, the PCA discriminated mainly the juices of CS/101-14 Mgt, CS/SO4 and CS/Gravesac, which had high density, total soluble solids, total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and pH, and CS/Dogridge and CS/Fercal, which had high titratable acidity. The density, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio increased as grape ripened, but the titratable acidity decreased. However, the increase or decrease rates were lower at the end of the grape ripening cycle according to the variable, and the total soluble solids having the highest increase (116.3%) and the titratable acidity the highest decrease (68.3%).

scholarly journals Agronomic Aptitude and Quality of Vinifera Grapes in a Non-traditional of Culture Region in the Agreste of Pernambuco States

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Flávia Gomes Da Silva ◽  
Rosimar dos Santos Musser ◽  
Mairon Moura Da Silva ◽  
Patrícia Coelho de Souza Leão ◽  
Jades Vital De Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Aim: This study evaluate the agronomic and quality characteristics of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties in a non-traditional region of the Agreste of Pernambuco States. Study Design: The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications and eight plants per plot. Place and Duration of Study: Was carried out in the municipality of Brejão, PE, at the Experimental Station of the Agronomic Institute of the Pernambuco. The vines were implanted on September, 2013, whose pruning was performed on August and harvesting began on December, 2016 to January, 2017. Methodology: Ten treatments represented by the varieties of European vines: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot Noir, Petit Verdot, Pinot Noir and Syrah for producing of red wines and Chardonnay, Muscat Petit Grain, Sauvignon Blanc and Viogner for producing of white wines, grafted on the Paulsen 1103 rootstock were evaluated. The vineyard was conducted in espalier vine-tying system in double short pruning type, with spacing 3 m x 1 m. The characterization of the phenological stages was made using as reference the phenological scale. The thermal requirement of the crop per period was estimated. Agronomic characteristics were also evaluated, such as: fertility of gems, budding (%), production, productivity, number of bunches per plant, length and width of bunch, bunch weight, soluble solids, titratable acidity, hydrogen ionic potential, SS / TA ratio, volume of 100 berries, yield of must, mass of the husks and seeds. The data were submitted to two selection indices: Classic Index and Distance Genotype-Ideotype Index. Results: Sprouting varied from 13.68% (Petit Verdot) to 81.6% (Sauvignon Blanc) and the fertility of gems from 0.1 bunch.bud-1 (Chardonnay) to 0.67 bunch.bud-1 (Sauvignon Blanc). The pruning cycle and Day Degrees (DD) cumulated ranged from 133 days and 1,684 DD (Muscat Petit Grain) to 167 days and 2,070 DD (Merlot Noir). The number of bunches ranged from five (Merlot Noir) to 29 bunches.plant-1 (Sauvignon Blanc). Muscat Petit Grain stood out for bunch weight, not differing from Syrah and Malbec. The varieties showed no difference in length and width of bunches. In the volume of 100 berries, Muscat Petit Grain (213.6 ml) and Malbec (216.0 ml) stood out. For the yield of must, Sauvignon Blanc (70.87%) stood out, not differing from Malbec (64.31%), Viognier (69.79%), Muscat Petit Grain (70.22%). Muscat Petit Grain, Sauvignon Blanc and Viognier (white wine), Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Merlot Noir and Syrah obtained acceptable values for soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio and pH. From the selection index analyzes, the Muscat Petit Grain, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah varieties were indicated for the selection by the highest Mulamba and Mock index and by the Genotype-Ideotype distance index. Conclusion: The cycle of grapevine varieties evaluated in the Garanhuns, PE, Microregion is longer than that observed in the sub Medio of the São Francisco Valley, similar to those in the South Region of Brazil. In the evaluated cycle the varieties produced grapes with characteristics suitable for the production of quality fine wines, showing to be promising for this non-traditional microregion in the production of fine grapes. From the selection index analyzes, the Muscat Petit Grain, Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties were indicated for selection by the highest Mulamba and Mock index and Genotype-Ideotype distance index.

scholarly journals Secondary Bud Gas Exchange, Growth, and Fruitfulness of Vitis vinifera L. cultivars, ‘Grenache’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Grown on the Texas High Plains

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thayne Montague ◽  
Emily Graff ◽  
Suraj Kar
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Texas High Plains ◽  
Bud Growth

In 2017, the grape and wine industry had an overall economic impact of $13.1 billion within the state of Texas. The majority of grapes grown in Texas are produced within the Texas High Plains American Viticultural Area (AVA). However, vineyards within the Texas High Plains AVA are subject to late spring frosts which can potentially diminish fruit quality, and reduce crop production. To assist in planning and production efforts, Texas High Plains AVA grape growers require information regarding vine secondary bud growth and fruitfulness. Therefore, the objectives of this experiment were to compare the growth and fruitfulness of shoots grown from primary and secondary buds of Vitis vinifera L. ‘Grenache’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ vines grafted to 110R rootstocks. Vines were planted in an experimental vineyard in 2008. Each year over two consecutive growing seasons (2016 – 2017) vines were exposed to the following treatments: primary bud growth intact, and following bud break allowing primary bud shoot growth to reach 15.0 cm in length then removing primary bud shoots (forcing growth from secondary buds). Gas exchange, growth, fruitfulness, and fruit total soluble solid data were collected each year. Collected data followed similar trends each growing season. Hence, data from each growing season were pooled. Gas exchange data indicate leaves from primary shoots had lower photosynthetic rates, and stomatal conductance when compared to leaves grown on secondary shoots. In addition, ‘Grenache’ leaves had greater gas exchange when compared to ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ leaves. Pruning weights, vine yield, cluster mass, and total soluble solids were greater for shoots grown from primary buds. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ vines had greater pruning weights, but ‘Grenache’ vines had greater crop load (Ravaz Index) and cluster mass. Yield and total soluble solids did not differ between grape cultivars, but the number of clusters from each vine, and berry mass varied with cultivar and bud treatment. In the late spring frost-prone Texas High Plains AVA, cultivar selection continues to be a critical factor for vineyard success. Results indicate decreased yields from all vines with shoot growth only from secondary buds. However, even though ‘Grenache’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ vines responded differently to bud treatments (‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ vines generally produced a greater number of smaller clusters when compared to ‘Grenache’ vines), for each cultivar overall yield was similar across all bud treatments. Therefore, Texas High Plains AVA and other grape producers now have additional information that may assist them when making critical vineyard management choices.

scholarly journals ROOTSTOCK-SCION INTERACTION: 2. EFFECT ON THE COMPOSITION OF CABERNET SAUVIGNON GRAPE MUST

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MIELE ◽  
LUIZ ANTENOR RIZZON
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Grape Must ◽  
Grape Musts

ABSTRACT The interaction between rootstock, scion and the environment may induce different responses to the grapevine physiology and, consequently, to the grape composition. The vineyards of Serra Gaúcha, Brazil, are established in different soil types, each with different morphological and physicochemical attributes. Moreover, the grapevines are grafted onto a diversity of rootstocks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of 15 rootstocks in the composition of the Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) grape must. The following rootstocks were used: Rupestris du Lot, 101-14 Mgt., 3309 C, 420A Mgt., 5BB K, 161-49 C, SO4, Solferino, 1103 P, 99 R, 110 R, Gravesac, Fercal, Dogridge and Isabel, featuring some genetic diversity altogether. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with 15 treatments, three replicates, 10 vines per plot. The grapes were harvested at maturity for four years, and then crushed for winemaking. Next, the grape musts were centrifuged to separate the solid phase from the liquid phase, which was used for analyses related to sugar, acidity and minerals. The data were submitted to correlation analysis and Principal Component Analysis. The main results from the average of four years show that, in general, the grape musts of the CS/101-14 Mgt., CS/161-49 C, CS/3309 C, CS/Rupestris du Lot and CS/Gravesac combinations had high values of density, total soluble solids, pH and °Brix/titratable acidity ratio, and low titratable acidity, which was high with CS/99 R, CS/110 R, CS/Dogridge and CS/1103 P. Potassium had higher concentrations in the grape musts of CS/SO4 and CS/5BB K. Titratable acidity did not correlate with density and total soluble solids, but positively correlated with yield. Density, total soluble solids, and the concentration of potassium were positively correlated with pH.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization and Functional Potential of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Phaseolus coccineus L. Landrace Green Beans

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños ◽  
Alma Karina Garzón-García ◽  
Jimena Esther Alba-Jiménez ◽  
José Luis Chávez-Servia ◽  
Araceli Minerva Vera-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Color Parameters

The green bean is an important crop worldwide, because it is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds that provide it with important functional properties; however, the composition of many landraces is still unknown. The purpose of this project was to characterize Phaselus vulgaris and coccineus L. landrace green beans on pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total sugars, color parameters, total phenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP). Regarding the content of total sugars, differences were registered between both species, as opposed to results observed in total soluble solids. Color parameters showed higher reddish tones for P. vulgaris landraces, though P. coccineus had a higher total phenolic content, especially the reddish landraces, which correlated directly to a higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP. In the protein content, the species P. vulgaris registered the highest content. These results could contribute to a greater use and even promote the genetic improvement of the outstanding pods that serve as one of the main food products in rural regions for higher benefits.

scholarly journals High-density linkage map construction and identification of loci regulating fruit quality traits in blueberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla F. Mengist ◽  
Hamed Bostan ◽  
Elisheba Young ◽  
Kristine L. Kay ◽  
Nicholas Gillitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Density ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
High Density Linkage Map

AbstractFruit quality traits play a significant role in consumer preferences and consumption in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L). The objectives of this study were to construct a high-density linkage map and to identify the underlying genetic basis of fruit quality traits in blueberry. A total of 287 F1 individuals derived from a cross between two southern highbush blueberry cultivars, ‘Reveille’ and ‘Arlen’, were phenotyped over three years (2016–2018) for fruit quality-related traits, including titratable acidity, pH, total soluble solids, and fruit weight. A high-density linkage map was constructed using 17k single nucleotide polymorphisms markers. The linkage map spanned a total of 1397 cM with an average inter-loci distance of 0.08 cM. The quantitative trait loci interval mapping based on the hidden Markov model identified 18 loci for fruit quality traits, including seven loci for fruit weight, three loci for titratable acidity, five loci for pH, and three loci for total soluble solids. Ten of these loci were detected in more than one year. These loci explained phenotypic variance ranging from 7 to 28% for titratable acidity and total soluble solid, and 8–13% for pH. However, the loci identified for fruit weight did not explain more than 10% of the phenotypic variance. We also reported the association between fruit quality traits and metabolites detected by Proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis directly responsible for these fruit quality traits. Organic acids, citric acid, and quinic acid were significantly (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with titratable acidity. Sugar molecules showed a strong and positive correlation with total soluble solids. Overall, the study dissected the genetic basis of fruit quality traits and established an association between these fruit quality traits and metabolites.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of ascorbic acid in grapes with the Prussian Blue reaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Matei ◽  
Simona Dobrinas ◽  
Gabriel Lucian Radu
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Red Grapes ◽  
Blue Reaction

AbstractThe objective of the present work was to adapt the Prussian Blue reaction for the determination of ascorbic acid. The procedure was successfully applied for the determination of ascorbic acid in red and white grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) just previous ingathering. In the present work was used the red and white grapes from Murfatlar vineyard: Mamaia, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Sauvignon, Muscat Ottonel and Riesling Italian. The results were situated in the range of 0.67 - 1.79 mg vitamin C/100g product for red grapes and respectively 0.50 - 1.49 mg vitamin C/100g for white grapes.

scholarly journals Vegetative, productive and qualitative performance of grapevine "Cabernet Sauvignon" according to the use of winter cover crops

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
Jean Carlos Bettoni ◽  
Nelson Pires Feldberg ◽  
Gilberto Nava ◽  
Milton da Veiga ◽  
Leandro do Prado Wildner
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Winter Cover ◽  
Winter Cover Crops

ABSTRACT To study the effect of winter cover crops on the vegetative, productive and qualitative behavior of "Cabernet Sauvignon" grapevines, an experiment was conducted in two wine harvests by sowing different species of winter cover crops and additional treatments with manual weeding and mechanical mowing in an experimental vineyard located at the Experimental Station of Epagri in Videira, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Plant attributes of the grapevine, such as number of rods and weight of pruned material and number of branches per plant. At the time of skin color change, petioles of recently matured leaves were collected for analysis of the levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and B. Moments before harvest, 100 grape berries were collected randomly to determine the total soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH. At harvest, the number of bunches per branch, the number and mass of clusters per plant and the average mass of clusters per plot were determined. Fresh and dry matter yields of the cover crop and weed plants were also determined when coverage reached full bloom. The winter cover crops did not alter the yield and quality of "Cabernet Sauvignon" grapes and showed no differences from each other for the management of spontaneous vegetation by hand weeding or mechanical mowing. Rye and ryegrass are effective alternatives for weed control alternatives. The species of white and red clover present difficulty in initial establishment, producing a small amount of biomass.

scholarly journals Growth Dynamics and Water Potential Components of Three Summer Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) Cultivars

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejo RODRÍGUEZ-BURGOS ◽  
Armando CARRILLO-LÓPEZ ◽  
Tomás OSUNA-ENCISO ◽  
Manuel BÁEZ-SAÑUDO ◽  
Adriana SAÑUDO-BARAJAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Summer Squash ◽  
Postharvest Life

Summer squash fruit is a horticultural crop that possesses a very short postharvest life due to its high rates of metabolism and transpirationalong with a low cuticle resistance exhibited mainly when the fruit is harvested at horticultural maturity. This research was realized following thefruit growth of the summer squash cultivars: ‘Enterprise’, ‘Pascola’ and ‘Hurakan F1’, whose seeds were germinated in polystyrene trays and theirseedlings were subsequently transferred to pots for optimum growth under greenhouse conditions. Fruits were sampled at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days afteranthesis (DAA). Physical (weight, diameter, and length of fruit), chemical (pH, titratable acidity and total soluble solids), hydric status (water,osmotic and pressure potentials), and histological analysis were done. The highest number of fruits having marketing quality were shown in both‘Pascola’ and ‘Hurakan F1’ cultivars at 7 DAA, whereas, in ‘Enterprise’ was shown at 9 DAA. Marketing quality fruits from the three cultivarsshowed similarities on pH (about 6.6), titratable acidity (TA) decreases in ‘Enterprise’ and ‘Hurakan F1’, whereas total soluble solids (TSS)decreases in ‘Pascola’ and ‘Hurakan F1’ (pJ 0.5). From 3 to 9 DAA, in all cultivars, the water potential was close to -1.0 MPa, the osmoticpotential showed an increasing pattern ranging between -1.59 and -1.15 MPa, and the pressure potential remained in the positive range. Tissuewater stability was histologically related to a well-defined parenchyma tissue showing thin-walled, polygonal, intact and turgid cells during fruitgrowth.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document