Some factors affecting the survival of the cereal root pathogen Ophiobolus graminis in wheat straw

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
South African ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cereal Root

The saprophytic survival of Ophiobolus graminis was studied under laboratory and field conditions using artificially-infected wheat-straw buried in a Victorian Mallee soil.In pot tests, survival was prolonged by applications of ammonium sulphate, unaffected by superphosphate dressings and reduced by growing oats over infected straw. The observed effect if the nitrogenous soil amendment was not dependent upon the presence of Rhizoctonia solani as reported for South African soils.In a field experiment, survival was reduced significantly more by growing various plant species over infected straws than by maintaining fallow conditions. O graminis was isolated from all species, including dicotyledons, sown over infected straw

scholarly journals A Review of Plants Used in South African Traditional Medicine for the Management and Treatment of Hypertension

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (04) ◽  
pp. 312-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatai Balogun ◽  
Anofi Ashafa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
South African ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Research Councils

AbstractSouth Africa contains 9% of the worldʼs higher plants, and despite its rich biodiversity, it has one of the highest prevalence of hypertension in Africa. This review provides information on medicinal plants embraced in South Africa for hypertension management, with the aim of reporting pharmacological information on the indigenous use of these plants as antihypertensives. This review not only focuses on the activity of antihypertensive medicinal plants but also reports some of its phytochemical constituents and other ethnopharmacological and therapeutic properties. Information obtained from scientific and or unpublished databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, SciFinder, JSTOR, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and various books revealed 117 documented antihypertensive plant species from 50 families. Interestingly, Asteraceae topped the list with 16 species, followed by Fabaceae with 8 species; however, only 25% of all plant species have demonstrated antihypertensive effects originating from both in vitro and in vivo studies, lending credence to their folkloric use. Only 11 plant species reportedly possess antihypertensive properties in animal models, with very few species subjected to analytical processes to reveal the identity of their bioactive antihypertensive compounds. In this review, we hope to encourage researchers and global research institutions (universities, agricultural research councils, and medical research councils), particularly those showing an interest in natural products, for the need for concerted efforts to undertake more studies aimed at revealing the untapped potential of these plants. These studies are very important for the development of new pharmaceuticals of natural origin useful for the management of hypertension.

scholarly journals In search for key biogeochemical factors affecting plant species persistence in heathland and acidic grasslands: a comparison of common and rare species

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 680-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kleijn ◽  
Renée M. Bekker ◽  
Roland Bobbink ◽  
Maaike C. C. De Graaf ◽  
Jan G. M. Roelofs
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Species Persistence ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Biogeochemical Factors

scholarly journals The distribution, conservation status and factors affecting the survival of indigenous freshwater fishes in the Cape Province

Koedoe ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G Gaigher ◽  
K.C.D Hamman ◽  
S.C Thorne
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Data Book ◽  
The Republic

Fifteen of the 36 indigenous freshwater fishes of the Cape Province are endemic to this region and a further eight are endemic to the Republic of South Africa. A third of the species are listed in the South African Red Data Book - Fishes. The distribution and conservation status of each species, excluding eels, are described. The possible effect of environmental changes, such as farming and other forms of land use, exotics, mining, industrial development, human settlement and construction of dams, are discussed and conservation measures are proposed.

Molecular and physiological comparison ofAzospirillumspp. isolated fromRhizoctonia solanimycelia, wheat rhizosphere, and human skin wounds

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Cohen ◽  
Xiang Y Han ◽  
Mark Mazzola
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Root Pathogen ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Orchard Soil

Four phenotypically similar bacterial strains isolated from fungal, plant, and human sources were identified as Azospirillum species. Strains RC1 and LOD4 were isolated from the mycelium of the apple root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG 5 and from the rhizosphere of wheat grown in apple orchard soil, respectively. Strains C610 and F4626 isolated from human wounds were previously misclassified as Roseomonas genomospecies 3 and 6. All four strains demonstrated close similarities in 16S rRNA gene sequences, having [Formula: see text]97% identity to Azospirillum brasilense type strain ATCC 29145 and <90% identity to Roseomonas gilardii, the Roseomonas type strain. Extensive phenotypic similarities among the four strains included the ability of free-living cells to fix N2. Cells of strains RC1, LOD4, and C610 but not of strain F4626 could be induced to flocculate by incubation with 10 mmol·L–1glycerol or fructose in medium containing 0.5 mmol·L–1NO3–. Our results indicate a wide range of potential sources for Azospirillum spp. with the isolation of Azospirillum spp. from human wounds warranting further investigation.Key words: Azospirillum brasilense, Roseomonas fauriae, flocculation, Rhizoctonia solani.

scholarly journals Delivering HIV services in partnership: factors affecting collaborative working in a South African HIV programme

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Jobson ◽  
Cornelis J. Grobbelaar ◽  
Moyahabo Mabitsi ◽  
Jean Railton ◽  
Remco P. H. Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hiv Services ◽  
Collaborative Working
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