Selection of diet by sheep grazing semi-arid pastures on the Riverine Plain. 4. A grassland (Danthonia caespitosa) community

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
GW Robards ◽  
JH Leigh ◽  
WE Mulham
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Heavy Grazing ◽  
Visual Assessments ◽  
Selection Of

The diet selected by Merino sheep grazing a Danthonia caespitosa Gaudich. grassland was determined by analysing extrusa from Merino wethers fitted with oesophageal fistulas. Visual assessments were combined with hand clipped samples to determine the amount of forage available. In spring a large proportion of the diet consisted of annual species. In summer, when the range of species present in the pasture was low, Danthonia caespitosa made up the bulk of the diet. Under heavy grazing the amount of dry material and burrs of Medicago polymorpha L. in the diet increased as the supply of Danthonia caespitosa decreased. Nitrogen content and in vitro digestibility, both of the pasture and of the forage eaten during spring, decreased as forage availability decreased under heavy grazing. These values were lower in summer than in spring, but showed little change under increasing grazing pressure. The quality of the pasture, as assessed by nitrogen content and digestibility, would have been sufficient, even in the dry summer experienced during this study, to enable sheep to increase in body weight. Because of the lack of drought-resistant species capable of producing appreciable amounts of forage in the summer-autumn period, it is improbable that any system of management based on deferred or rotational grazing can be devised that will increase animal production from this pasture type.

Studies on the nutritive value of the diet selected by grazing sheep IV. Variation in the diet selected by sheep differing in age, breed, sex, strain and previous history

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Langlands
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Previous History ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Faecal Nitrogen ◽  
Grazing Sheep ◽  
Grazing History

SUMMARYThe ability of two groups of six Merino wethers aged 6 and 66 months to digest a lucerne ration was examined in order to detect possible biases in the use of faecal nitrogen as a faecal index substance. Earlier work with this technique had indicated a difference in selectivity between young and older sheep. No difference in ability to digest the ration was observed and it was concluded that the earlier observation was not an artefact in the faecal nitrogen technique. Oesophageal fistulae were prepared in 120 sheep differing in breed, sex, age, strain and previous history. Determinations were made of the nitrogen content, and in one experiment of the in vitro digestibility of the diet selected by sheep grazing various pastures. Significant differences in the nitrogen content of the diet selected by sheep varying in breed, age and previous grazing history were recorded on some pastures on some occasions but not on others. No significant differences were observed between sheep varying in strain or sex. No reason could be suggested for the occasional differences between groups in the nitrogen content or digestibility of the diet selected, but it appeared unlikely that it would be a major source of variation in the productivity of the different groups at pasture.

The effect of frequency and time of cutting on the production and quality of a barley grass (Hordeum leporinum) dominant pasture

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Robards ◽  
JH Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Hordeum Leporinum ◽  
Main Component

A grazing experiment on a barley grass (Hordeum leporium Link) dominant pasture at Deniliquin, New South Wales, was carried out from May to November 1964. Monthly grazing of this pasture resulted in a greater dry matter yield of both green and total barley grass, and of crude protein, than when grazing occurred less frequently. The greatest stimulus to production was achieved when grazing occurred in August or September when the plants were approaching flowering. Rat's-tail fescue (Vulpia myuros (L.) K.C. Gmel), the other main component of the pasture, was not stimulated to greater total dry matter production by increasing the frequency of grazing. However, significantly more green fescue was harvested from areas grazed most frequently. The quality of both species, as estimated by nitrogen content and in vitro digestibility of barley grass and nitrogen content of fescue, was higher late in the season on the monthly grazed areas than on areas grazed less frequently.

Selection of diet by sheep grazing semi-arid pastures on the Riverine Plain. 2. A cotton bush (Kochia aphylla) - grassland (Stipa variabilis-Danthonia caespitosa) community

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 468 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Leigh ◽  
WE Mulham
Keyword(s):  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Grassland Community ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Visual Assessments ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Selection Of

The diet selected by Merino sheep grazing a cotton bush (Kochia aphylla)-grassland community was determined by analysing extrusa from wethers fitted with oesophageal fistula. Visual assessments were combined with hand clipped samples to determine the amount of forage available. In winter and spring the major constituents of the diet were the grasses Danthonia caespitosa and Lolium rigidum Gaudich., and the herbs Hypochaeris spp. and Hedypnois cretica (L.) Willd. In summer the grasses Sporobolus caroli Mez and Chloris truncata R. Br. were selected. The various species of Chenopodiaceae were largely ignored. A practical application of this information is presented in which it is suggested that the more acceptable, but short-lived spring forage can be fully utilized and the relatively unacceptable, but drought resistant, species of Chenopodiaceae be conserved for use during stress periods.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Inokulasi Lactobacillus plantarum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae terhadap Fermentasi dan Kecernaan In Vitro Silase Kulit Buah Kakao

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Muhammad Askari Zakariah ◽  
Ristianto Utomo ◽  
Zaenal Bachruddin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Fibre Fraction

The objective of this study was to identify the effect of L. plantarum and S. cerevisiae mixed culture inoculation into cocoa pods silage on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility. The four treatments were: 1 kg freshly harvested cocoa pods without inoculants as control (K); K + L. plantarum (KLp); K + S. cerevisiae (KSc); and K + L. plantarum and S. cerevisiae mixture (KLp+Sc) 0.1% dry matter, Cassava meal were added in all treatments. Each treatment was replicated 3 times, and then fermented for 21 days. Parameters observed in current study were gas test production, ruminal fermentation parameter, and in vitro digestibility. The collected data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and followed by Duncan’s new Multiple Range Test for data with significant differences. Result showed that the mixed culture Lp+Sc inoculation increased (P<0.05) chemical quality of cocoa pods by reducing fibre fraction and increase NFE contents, increased degradation rate, degradation theory, reduced rumen pH, and propionate acid production, without affecting acetate to propionate ratio, microbial protein synthesis, and digestibility of cocoa pod silage.

YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME KALE-CORN COMBINATIONS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. FULKERSON
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Row Width

Midas marrowstem kale (Brassica oleracea L.) was grown in different row width associations with United 106 corn (Zea maize L.) in two studies and ensiled in different moisture blends with corn stover in another. Highest dry matter yields were obtained where a single row of kale was grown at 30 cm to the side of a corn row. This combination also provided the lowest moisture content feed and the highest in vitro digestibility and crude protein content. Changing the corn row width had no significant effect upon yield, plant height, in vitro digestibility, kale leaf or corn ear content. Blending kale with corn stover to provide a silage of about 70% moisture increased the digestibility and protein content of the feed and provided a silage that kept well in storage.

Seasonal changes in the nutritive value of grass species in Spinifex pastures of Western Australia.

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Holm ◽  
RJ Allen
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Exmouth Gulf

This study was undertaken to assess whether the nutritional quality of spinifex pasture lands is improved by buming to promote the growth of grasses other than spinifex. We selected two comparable sites in the Exmouth Gulf region of Western Australia; one had been bumt in late 1979 and the other had not been burnt for many years. On these sites we sampled the five grass species present, as well as Triodia pungens (soft spinifex) and Plectrachne >chinzii (Oat eared spinifex) on 10 occasions from March 1980 to April 1982. Plant parts were analysed for nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur content, and in vitro digestibility. None of the common grass species tested was more nutritious or more palatable than soft spinifex. It seems that little is gained from manipulating spinifex pastures through burning if the aim is to encourage alternative grass species. There is a need however for further studies into the importance of woody herbs and forbs in the nutrition of grazing animals on spinifex country and the effect of fire on these species.

EVALUATION OF PINEGRASS AS RANGE FORAGE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair McLean ◽  
S. Freyman ◽  
J. E. Miltimore ◽  
D. M. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Calcium Iron

Seasonal changes in the quality of pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens) on native forest range in southern British Columbia included declines in crude protein content and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and increases in content of lignin, acid-detergent fiber, and ash. The decline in average daily gains of beef heifers was more rapid than changes in quality of the pinegrass over the grazing period from June to October.Pinegrass contained adequate nutrients for the rapid growth of yearlings or for maintaining weanling calves until August 1, whereupon protein and phosphorus supplementation were required. Nutrient requirements of pregnant cows and replacement heifers were adequately met until September 1.Copper and zinc were inadequate throughout the season. Calcium, iron, and manganese contents, however, were satisfactory. Silica was high and must be considered a potential problem in pinegrass utilization.Digestible dry matter gave a high positive correlation with crude protein and phosphorus and a high negative correlation with lignin, acid-detergent fiber, and total ash.Crude fiber, crude fat, and total soluble carbohydrate contents of pinegrass did not closely follow changes in either animal gains or in vitro digestible dry matter.Crude protein, phosphorus, and acid-detergent fiber appear to give a good indication of animal yields on pinegrass and could be used to evaluate pinegrass quality where animal data are not available.

The influence of weather on the quality of tropical legume pasture during the dry season in northern Australia. III. Effects of digestibility and chemical composition

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL McCown ◽  
BH Wall
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Dry Tropics

In the semi-arid tropics, accumulated shed leaf of certain pasture legumes can provide highly nutritious feed for cattle in the dry season. Previous papers in this series have dealt with the fungal spoilage of leaf of Caribbean stylo in response to dew and unseasonal rainfall and the threat to acceptability by cattle. This paper focuses on the effects of varying degrees of moulding and leaching on dry matter digestibility of leaf of this legume. Uniform leaf material of high digestibility was exposed at six locations during the dry season and samples retrieved at 4-weekly intervals. From initial values of 75%. in vitro digestibility dropped to as low as 50%. Degree of moulding, as indicated by a quantitative index of discoloration, accounted for about 80�/o of loss. Moulding was much more important than leaching. This latter finding in the winter-dry tropics contrasts with previous findings in the summer-dry Mediterranean climate.

Selection of diet by sheep grazing semi-arid pastures on the Riverine Plain. 1. A bladder saltbush (Atriplex vesicaria)-cotton bush (Kochia aphylla) community

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Leigh ◽  
WE Mulham
Keyword(s):  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Minor Portion ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
Visual Assessments ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Selection Of

The diet selected by Merino sheep grazing a bladder saltbush (Atriplex vesicaria Hew. ex Benth.)- cottonbush (Kochia aphylla R.Br.) community was determined by analysing extrusa from wethers fitted with oesophageal fistulas. Visual assessments were combined with hand clipped samples to determine the amount of forage available. The results showed that the dominant constituent of the pasture, bladder saltbush, was sparingly grazed, whereas many of the associated species, which often constituted only a minor portion of the total available forage, were heavily grazed.

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